Test Bank for Williams Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy with correct answers 2025

Test Bank for Williams Basic Nutrition
and Diet Therapy with correct answers
2025


Sodiumvandvpotassiumv-vcorrect-answers-
Sodiumvisvthevmajorvextracellularvelectrolytevandvpotassiumvisvthevmajorvintracellularvelectrolyte.



Fluidvrequirementsvduringvdiarrheavandvvomitingv-vcorrect-answers-
Avpatientvwhovisvexperiencingvseverevdiarrheavandvvomitingvwouldvhavevincreasedvbodyvwatervreq
uirements.



Kidneys'vfunctionv-vcorrect-answers-Thevkidneysvcleanvthevbloodvbyvfiltration.



Oralvrehydrationvtherapyv-vcorrect-answers-
Oralvrehydrationvtherapyvisvpreferredvovervintravenousvtherapyvforvfluidvreplacementvcausedvbyvdi
arrheavbecausevitvisvmorevreadilyvavailable.



Predominantvregulatorvofvcirculatingvbloodvvolumev-vcorrect-answers-
Thevpredominantvregulatorvofvcirculatingvbloodvvolumevisvplasmavproteins.

,Plasmavproteinsv-vcorrect-answers-
Plasmavproteinvmoleculesvarevretainedvinvbloodvvessels,vcontrollingvwatervmovementvinvthevbodyv
andvguardingvbloodvvolume.



Plasmavproteinvmoleculesv-vcorrect-answers-
Retainedvinvbloodvvessels,vcontrollingvwatervmovementvinvthevbodyvandvguardingvbloodvvolumevb
yvinfluencingvthevshiftvofvwatervinvandvoutvofvthevcapillariesvinvbalancevwithvthevsurroundingvwater.



Antidiureticvhormonev-vcorrect-answers-
Promotesvwatervconservation;vitvworksvonvthevkidneys'vnephronsvtovinducevreabsorptionvofvwater,
vreleasedvinvstressfulvsituationsvtovconservevvitalvbodyvwater.




Thirstvmechanismvinvelderlyv-vcorrect-answers-
Thirstvisvanvunreliablevindexvofvfluidvneedsvinvthevelderlyvbecausevitvusuallyvdiminishesvwithvage,vle
adingvtovavhighervriskvofvdehydration.



Colloidalvosmoticvpressurev-vcorrect-answers-
Maintainedvbyvplasmavproteinsvbecausevtheyvarevlargevmolecules,vmainlyvinvthevformvofvalbuminva
ndvglobulin.



Treatmentvforvdiarrheavinvchildrenv-vcorrect-answers-Administeringvanvage-
appropriatevdietvalongvwithvfluidsvthatvcontainvsodium,vpotassium,vglucose,vandvsodiumvbicarbon
atevtovreplacevlostvfluidsvandvelectrolytes.



Electrolytevinvgastricvdigestivevfluidsv-vcorrect-answers-
Chloridevisvthevelectrolytevpresentvinvthevmostvabundancevinvgastricvdigestivevfluids.



Osmosisv-vcorrect-answers-
Thevprocessvbyvwhichvwatervmovesvfromvanvareavofvlowvconcentrationvtovanvareavofvhighvconcentr
ation,voccurringvonlyvifvseparatedvbyvavsemipermeablevmembrane.

,Nutritionalvneedsvduringvpregnancyv-vcorrect-answers-
Affectedvbyvthevmother'svagevalongvwithvheightvandvprepregnancyvweight.



Adequatevenergyvduringvpregnancyv-vcorrect-answers-
Necessaryvtovsparevprotein;vifvinadequatevkilocaloriesvfromvenergyvarevprovided,vthenvproteinvwillv
bevusedvforvenergy.



Proteinvincreasevduringvpregnancyv-vcorrect-answers-
Approximatelyv50%vmorevthanvthevaveragevadultvrequirement.



Dailyvkilocalorievneedsvduringvthevsecondvtrimesterv-vcorrect-answers-
Exceedvnormalvrequirementsvbyvapproximatelyv340vkcal/day.



Nationalvstandardvforvcaloricvincreasevinvpregnancyv-vcorrect-answers-
Recommendsvanvincreasevofv340vkcal/dayvduringvthevsecondvtrimestervandv452vkcal/dayvduringvth
evthirdvtrimester.



Extravproteinvrequiredvbyvpregnantvwomenv-vcorrect-answers-
Approximatelyv25vg/dayvinvadditionvtovnonpregnancyvneeds.



Increasedvproteinvnecessityvinvpregnancyv-vcorrect-answers-
Necessaryvforvrapidvgrowthvofvthevfetus,vdevelopmentvofvthevplacenta,vgrowthvofvmaternalvtissues
,vincreasedvmaternalvbloodvvolume,vandvamnioticvfluid.



Goodvsourcevofvcalciumvduringvpregnancyv-vcorrect-answers-Milk,vmilk-
substitutevproducts,vgenerousvamountsvofvgreenvvegetables,vandvenrichedvorvwholevgrains.



Calcium'svrolevinvpregnancyv-vcorrect-answers-
Essentialvforvfetalvdevelopmentvofvbonesvandvteethvasvwellvasvforvthevmother'svownvbodyvneeds.

, Goodvsourcevofvironvduringvpregnancyv-vcorrect-answers-Leanvgroundvbeef.



Ironvdistributionvinvfoodv-vcorrect-answers-
Primarilyvinvmeat,veggs,vvegetables,vandvfortifiedvcereals.



Increasedvironvneedsvduringvpregnancyv-vcorrect-answers-
Duevtovincreasedvmaternalvbloodvvolume.



Reasonvforvincreasedvironvneedsv-vcorrect-answers-
Forvincreasedvhemoglobinvsynthesisvrequiredvforvthevgreatervmaternalvbloodvvolumevasvwellvasvfor
vthevbaby'svnecessaryvprenatalvstoragevofviron.




Adequatevfolatevinvthevpericonceptionalvperiodv-vcorrect-answers-
Helpsvpreventvconditionsvsuchvasvcretinismvandvmentalvretardation.



Cretinismv-vcorrect-answers-
Avconditionvresultingvfromvsevereviodinevdeficiencyvleadingvtovstuntedvphysicalvandvmentalvgrowt
h.



MentalvRetardationv-vcorrect-answers-
Avconditionvcharacterizedvbyvsignificantlyvimpairedvcognitivevfunctioningvandvdeficitsvinvadaptivev
behavior.



NeuralvTubevDefectsv-vcorrect-answers-
Congenitalvmalformationsvofvthevbrain,vspine,vorvspinalvcordvthatvoccurvduringvearlyvpregnancy.



GestationalvDiabetesv-vcorrect-answers-
Avformvofvdiabetesvthatvoccursvduringvpregnancyvandvusuallyvresolvesvaftervchildbirth.