Page 1 of 49
COMSAE Phase 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND WELL
EXPLAINED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE JUST
RELEASED THIS YEAR
What is the strongest study design to evaluate the efficacy of yoga for patients with ADHD?
Randomized clinical trial.
What was the smoking history of the 56-year-old man with a lesion on his tongue?
A 60 pack-year history.
What did the 56-year-old man refuse after counseling regarding his tongue lesion?
Further evaluation of the lesion.
What is the main concern of the 56-year-old man regarding his treatment options?
He does not want 'a bunch of doctors messing' with him.
What is the significance of a p-value of 0.049 in the hypertension study?
It indicates that the results are statistically significant, with a less than 5% probability that the
results are due to chance.
In the study evaluating combination therapy for hypertension, what was the control
treatment?
Hydrochlorothiazide alone.
What type of study design is a randomized clinical trial?
A study design that randomly assigns participants to treatment or control groups to evaluate the
efficacy of interventions.
What is the purpose of a case control study?
, Page 2 of 49
To compare individuals with a specific condition to those without the condition to identify
potential risk factors.
What does the term 'cross-sectional study' refer to?
A study design that analyzes data from a population at a specific point in time.
What is the role of a cohort study in medical research?
To follow a group of individuals over time to assess the effects of certain exposures on
outcomes.
What is the primary outcome measure in the Alzheimer's disease study?
The classification of a patient as showing progression or no progression of disease as measured
by a standard neuropsychological test of memory.
How many patients showed progression with the experimental drug in the Alzheimer's study?
50 patients.
What is the total number of patients in the Alzheimer's study?
240 patients.
What calculation would best determine how many patients need to be treated for one
successful outcome in the Alzheimer's study?
[50/(50 + 70)] / [75/(75 + 45)]
What was the reduction in systolic blood pressure with combination therapy compared to
hydrochlorothiazide alone?
25 mmHg (95% CI = 15-35 mmHg, p = 0.049).
What conclusion can be drawn from the study comparing combination therapy to
hydrochlorothiazide alone?
, Page 3 of 49
There is an approximate 5% probability that the decrease in systolic blood pressure was due to
chance.
Which study design is most appropriate to evaluate the relationship between nasopharyngeal
cancer and exposure to wood products?
Case control study.
What is the primary focus of an ecological study?
To examine the relationships between environmental factors and health outcomes at a
population level.
What is the significance of a 95% confidence interval in clinical studies?
It indicates the range within which the true effect size is likely to fall 95% of the time.
What does the term 'efficacy' refer to in the context of medical treatments?
The ability of a treatment to produce a desired effect under ideal conditions.
What is the importance of randomization in clinical trials?
It helps to eliminate bias and ensures that the treatment groups are comparable.
What is the main outcome of interest in the study of yoga for ADHD?
The calming effect of yoga on patients diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
What is the significance of a 'double-blind' study design?
Neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the treatment or the
placebo, reducing bias.
What ethical value should a physician's response to a patient's decision reflect?
Autonomy
What is the most appropriate question to ask a patient concerned about prostate cancer due
to family history?
, Page 4 of 49
"Did any female relatives develop breast or ovarian cancer?"
In a medical malpractice case, what must be proven to establish liability?
Proximate cause
When is a child with varicella contagious?
From the time of exposure until the crusting over of the last lesion.
What does a relative risk of 1.5 indicate in a study on vitamin A and hip fracture?
Vitamin A supplementation probably results in an increased risk of hip fracture.
Which antibiotic was associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular death
according to the study?
Azithromycin
What is the hazard ratio for cardiovascular death associated with Amoxicillin?
0.95 (95% CI: 0.55-1.63)
What is the hazard ratio for cardiovascular death associated with Levofloxacin?
1.60 (95% CI: 0.82-2.72)
What is the hazard ratio for cardiovascular death associated with Ciprofloxacin?
0.86 (95% CI: 0.62-1.73)
What is the total number of patients who received no antibiotic in the study?
1,391,180
What was the number of cardiovascular deaths among patients treated with Azithromycin?
29
What is the significance of a 95% confidence interval (CI) in a study?
It indicates the range in which the true effect size is likely to fall 95% of the time.
COMSAE Phase 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND WELL
EXPLAINED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE JUST
RELEASED THIS YEAR
What is the strongest study design to evaluate the efficacy of yoga for patients with ADHD?
Randomized clinical trial.
What was the smoking history of the 56-year-old man with a lesion on his tongue?
A 60 pack-year history.
What did the 56-year-old man refuse after counseling regarding his tongue lesion?
Further evaluation of the lesion.
What is the main concern of the 56-year-old man regarding his treatment options?
He does not want 'a bunch of doctors messing' with him.
What is the significance of a p-value of 0.049 in the hypertension study?
It indicates that the results are statistically significant, with a less than 5% probability that the
results are due to chance.
In the study evaluating combination therapy for hypertension, what was the control
treatment?
Hydrochlorothiazide alone.
What type of study design is a randomized clinical trial?
A study design that randomly assigns participants to treatment or control groups to evaluate the
efficacy of interventions.
What is the purpose of a case control study?
, Page 2 of 49
To compare individuals with a specific condition to those without the condition to identify
potential risk factors.
What does the term 'cross-sectional study' refer to?
A study design that analyzes data from a population at a specific point in time.
What is the role of a cohort study in medical research?
To follow a group of individuals over time to assess the effects of certain exposures on
outcomes.
What is the primary outcome measure in the Alzheimer's disease study?
The classification of a patient as showing progression or no progression of disease as measured
by a standard neuropsychological test of memory.
How many patients showed progression with the experimental drug in the Alzheimer's study?
50 patients.
What is the total number of patients in the Alzheimer's study?
240 patients.
What calculation would best determine how many patients need to be treated for one
successful outcome in the Alzheimer's study?
[50/(50 + 70)] / [75/(75 + 45)]
What was the reduction in systolic blood pressure with combination therapy compared to
hydrochlorothiazide alone?
25 mmHg (95% CI = 15-35 mmHg, p = 0.049).
What conclusion can be drawn from the study comparing combination therapy to
hydrochlorothiazide alone?
, Page 3 of 49
There is an approximate 5% probability that the decrease in systolic blood pressure was due to
chance.
Which study design is most appropriate to evaluate the relationship between nasopharyngeal
cancer and exposure to wood products?
Case control study.
What is the primary focus of an ecological study?
To examine the relationships between environmental factors and health outcomes at a
population level.
What is the significance of a 95% confidence interval in clinical studies?
It indicates the range within which the true effect size is likely to fall 95% of the time.
What does the term 'efficacy' refer to in the context of medical treatments?
The ability of a treatment to produce a desired effect under ideal conditions.
What is the importance of randomization in clinical trials?
It helps to eliminate bias and ensures that the treatment groups are comparable.
What is the main outcome of interest in the study of yoga for ADHD?
The calming effect of yoga on patients diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
What is the significance of a 'double-blind' study design?
Neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the treatment or the
placebo, reducing bias.
What ethical value should a physician's response to a patient's decision reflect?
Autonomy
What is the most appropriate question to ask a patient concerned about prostate cancer due
to family history?
, Page 4 of 49
"Did any female relatives develop breast or ovarian cancer?"
In a medical malpractice case, what must be proven to establish liability?
Proximate cause
When is a child with varicella contagious?
From the time of exposure until the crusting over of the last lesion.
What does a relative risk of 1.5 indicate in a study on vitamin A and hip fracture?
Vitamin A supplementation probably results in an increased risk of hip fracture.
Which antibiotic was associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular death
according to the study?
Azithromycin
What is the hazard ratio for cardiovascular death associated with Amoxicillin?
0.95 (95% CI: 0.55-1.63)
What is the hazard ratio for cardiovascular death associated with Levofloxacin?
1.60 (95% CI: 0.82-2.72)
What is the hazard ratio for cardiovascular death associated with Ciprofloxacin?
0.86 (95% CI: 0.62-1.73)
What is the total number of patients who received no antibiotic in the study?
1,391,180
What was the number of cardiovascular deaths among patients treated with Azithromycin?
29
What is the significance of a 95% confidence interval (CI) in a study?
It indicates the range in which the true effect size is likely to fall 95% of the time.
