NUR 3196 Drug Card Final Exam
Questions with Guaranteed Pass
Solutions 2025-2026 Edition.
Bethanechol (Urecholine) Therapeutic and Pharmacologic Class - Answer P: Muscarinic
cholinergic receptor drug (Direct-Acting Parasympathetic)
T: Nonobstructive urinary retention drug
Bethanechol (Urecholine) Actions/Uses - Answer Attaches with parasympathetic muscarinic
receptors, stimulates smooth muscle contraction in GI in urinary tract. Used to stimulate GI after
anesthesia and prevent urinary retention.
Bethanechol (Urecholine) Administration (How it's administered, preg cat, what to monitor) -
Answer Usually administered orally, when given subcutaneously its given 5 mg 3-4 times, preg
cat C, watch bp, pulse, respirations
Pharmacokinetics of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer 30-90 min PO, 60 min PO, 6h PO
Adverse effects of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer Aggravated by conditions of GI or
urinary tract like suspected obstruction, active ulcer, inflammatory disease, urinary obstruction,
and COPD
Contraindications of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer Patients with asthma, epilepsy,
parkinsonism, hyperthyroidism, peptic ulcer disease, bradycardia (preg safety not established)
Drug-drug interactions of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer Increased with cholinesterase
inhibitors and decreased with anticholinergics
Overdose treatment of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer Atropine subcutaneously IV
Physostigmine (Antilirium) Pharmacologic and Therapeutic Class - Answer P:
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (Indirect-acting parasympathomimetic)
T: Antidote for anticholinergic toxicity
,Physostigmine (Antilirium) Administration Alerts - Answer IV or IM slowly over 5 minutes to
avoid seizures, monitor blood pressure, pulse, and respirations, preg cat C
Pharmacokinetics of Psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer <5 min IM/IV, 20-40 min IM/IV, 1-2 h
IM/IV
Adverse effects of Psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Can cause bradycardia, asystole,
restlessness, nervousness, seizures, salivation, urinary frequency, muscle twitching, respiratory
paralysis
Contraindications of Psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Patients with asthma, epilepsy,
diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or bradycardia, or with patients having sweating, diarrhea, or
frequent urination, not recommended in patients with tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) intoxication
Drug-drug interactions of psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Increased effects from
cholinergic medications and beta blockers, may be increased by systemic corticoids or decrease
neuromuscular-blocking agents
Lab Tests of psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Increase in ALT, AST, and amylase
Overdose treatment of psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Atropine (IV)
Atropine (AtroPen) classes - Answer P: Muscarinic cholinergic receptor blocker
T: Antidote for anticholinesterase poisoning
Actions and uses of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Blocks ACh by binding to receptors, inducing
a flight or fight response wherein increased heart rate, bronchodilation, decreased GI motility,
mydriasis, and decreased gland secretions
Administration alerts of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Need to be given PO or subcut, don't
switch between, monitor bp, pulse, or respirations, preg cat C
Pharmacokinetics of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer 30 min PO, 60-90 min PO, 6 h PO
5-15 min subcut, 15-30 min subcut, 4 h subcut
,Contraindications of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Patients with glaucoma and obstructive GI
disorders
Drug-drug interactions of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Increased effect with antihistamines,
TCAs, quinidine, and procainamide. Decreases levodopa
Overdose treatment Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Symptoms include extreme parasympathetic
stimulation, treated with diazepam or physostigmine
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) classes - Answer P: Adrenergic drug (sympathomimetic alpha
1)
T: Nasal decongestant, mydriatic, antihypotensive
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) actions and uses - Answer Binds to alpha 1 receptors, spray
in drops for nasal congestion with constricted blood vessels, topically in eyedrops to dilate pupil,
IV reverses acute hypotension
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) Administration Alerts - Answer IV can cause tissue injury, eye
drops can damage lenses, preg cat C
Pharmacokinetics of Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer Immediate IV, 5-10 min IV, 15-
20 min IV
10-15 min IM subcut, 15-30 min IM/subcut, 30-120 min IM/ 3-6 h topical
Adverse effects of Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer Nasal can cause irritation and
rebound congestion, ophthalmic narrow-angle glaucoma, bradycardia, anxiety, restlessness
Black-box warning of Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer Severe reactions may come
with IV and rapid dilution, only use if other routes not possible
Drug-drug interactions Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer MAO inhibitors may
increase hypertensive crisis, inhibitory with alpha and beta blockers, may cause dysrhythmias
with digoxin
Overdose treatment of Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer Alpha-blockers
, Prazosin (Minipress) actions and uses - Answer Alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist, decreased
peripheral resistance leads to reduced blood pressure, used with beta blockers or diuretics for
hypertension
Administration of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Oral, low first dose to avoid severe
hypotension, preg cat C (not established)
Pharmacokinetics of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer 2 h, 2-4 h <24 h
Adverse of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Orthostatic hypotension, can cause unconsciousness
within 30 minutes of first dose, dizziness, drowsiness, lightheadedness, reflex tachycardia, alpha
blockade may cause nasal congestion or inhibition of ejaculation
Contraindications of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Pregnancy (cat C)
Drug-drug interactions of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Use with antihypertensives and
diuretics result in low bp, alcohol avoided
Lab interactions of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Can cause false positive results for adrenal
tumors
Overdose treatment of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Use saline, vasopressors, or dopamine
Atorvastatin (Lipitor) class - Answer P: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, statin
T: Antihyperlipidemic
Actions and Uses of Atorvastatin (Lipitor) - Answer Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase decreasing
cholesterol production and increasing receptors on liver, which increases LDL removal from
blood, takes around 2 weeks of treatment to take effect
Administration of Atorvastatin (Lipitor) - Answer Administer with food to decrease GI
discomfort, taken any time of day, preg cat X
Questions with Guaranteed Pass
Solutions 2025-2026 Edition.
Bethanechol (Urecholine) Therapeutic and Pharmacologic Class - Answer P: Muscarinic
cholinergic receptor drug (Direct-Acting Parasympathetic)
T: Nonobstructive urinary retention drug
Bethanechol (Urecholine) Actions/Uses - Answer Attaches with parasympathetic muscarinic
receptors, stimulates smooth muscle contraction in GI in urinary tract. Used to stimulate GI after
anesthesia and prevent urinary retention.
Bethanechol (Urecholine) Administration (How it's administered, preg cat, what to monitor) -
Answer Usually administered orally, when given subcutaneously its given 5 mg 3-4 times, preg
cat C, watch bp, pulse, respirations
Pharmacokinetics of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer 30-90 min PO, 60 min PO, 6h PO
Adverse effects of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer Aggravated by conditions of GI or
urinary tract like suspected obstruction, active ulcer, inflammatory disease, urinary obstruction,
and COPD
Contraindications of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer Patients with asthma, epilepsy,
parkinsonism, hyperthyroidism, peptic ulcer disease, bradycardia (preg safety not established)
Drug-drug interactions of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer Increased with cholinesterase
inhibitors and decreased with anticholinergics
Overdose treatment of Bethanechol (Urecholine) - Answer Atropine subcutaneously IV
Physostigmine (Antilirium) Pharmacologic and Therapeutic Class - Answer P:
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (Indirect-acting parasympathomimetic)
T: Antidote for anticholinergic toxicity
,Physostigmine (Antilirium) Administration Alerts - Answer IV or IM slowly over 5 minutes to
avoid seizures, monitor blood pressure, pulse, and respirations, preg cat C
Pharmacokinetics of Psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer <5 min IM/IV, 20-40 min IM/IV, 1-2 h
IM/IV
Adverse effects of Psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Can cause bradycardia, asystole,
restlessness, nervousness, seizures, salivation, urinary frequency, muscle twitching, respiratory
paralysis
Contraindications of Psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Patients with asthma, epilepsy,
diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or bradycardia, or with patients having sweating, diarrhea, or
frequent urination, not recommended in patients with tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) intoxication
Drug-drug interactions of psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Increased effects from
cholinergic medications and beta blockers, may be increased by systemic corticoids or decrease
neuromuscular-blocking agents
Lab Tests of psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Increase in ALT, AST, and amylase
Overdose treatment of psysostigmine (Antilirium) - Answer Atropine (IV)
Atropine (AtroPen) classes - Answer P: Muscarinic cholinergic receptor blocker
T: Antidote for anticholinesterase poisoning
Actions and uses of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Blocks ACh by binding to receptors, inducing
a flight or fight response wherein increased heart rate, bronchodilation, decreased GI motility,
mydriasis, and decreased gland secretions
Administration alerts of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Need to be given PO or subcut, don't
switch between, monitor bp, pulse, or respirations, preg cat C
Pharmacokinetics of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer 30 min PO, 60-90 min PO, 6 h PO
5-15 min subcut, 15-30 min subcut, 4 h subcut
,Contraindications of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Patients with glaucoma and obstructive GI
disorders
Drug-drug interactions of Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Increased effect with antihistamines,
TCAs, quinidine, and procainamide. Decreases levodopa
Overdose treatment Atropine (AtroPen) - Answer Symptoms include extreme parasympathetic
stimulation, treated with diazepam or physostigmine
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) classes - Answer P: Adrenergic drug (sympathomimetic alpha
1)
T: Nasal decongestant, mydriatic, antihypotensive
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) actions and uses - Answer Binds to alpha 1 receptors, spray
in drops for nasal congestion with constricted blood vessels, topically in eyedrops to dilate pupil,
IV reverses acute hypotension
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) Administration Alerts - Answer IV can cause tissue injury, eye
drops can damage lenses, preg cat C
Pharmacokinetics of Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer Immediate IV, 5-10 min IV, 15-
20 min IV
10-15 min IM subcut, 15-30 min IM/subcut, 30-120 min IM/ 3-6 h topical
Adverse effects of Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer Nasal can cause irritation and
rebound congestion, ophthalmic narrow-angle glaucoma, bradycardia, anxiety, restlessness
Black-box warning of Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer Severe reactions may come
with IV and rapid dilution, only use if other routes not possible
Drug-drug interactions Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer MAO inhibitors may
increase hypertensive crisis, inhibitory with alpha and beta blockers, may cause dysrhythmias
with digoxin
Overdose treatment of Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) - Answer Alpha-blockers
, Prazosin (Minipress) actions and uses - Answer Alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist, decreased
peripheral resistance leads to reduced blood pressure, used with beta blockers or diuretics for
hypertension
Administration of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Oral, low first dose to avoid severe
hypotension, preg cat C (not established)
Pharmacokinetics of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer 2 h, 2-4 h <24 h
Adverse of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Orthostatic hypotension, can cause unconsciousness
within 30 minutes of first dose, dizziness, drowsiness, lightheadedness, reflex tachycardia, alpha
blockade may cause nasal congestion or inhibition of ejaculation
Contraindications of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Pregnancy (cat C)
Drug-drug interactions of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Use with antihypertensives and
diuretics result in low bp, alcohol avoided
Lab interactions of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Can cause false positive results for adrenal
tumors
Overdose treatment of Prazosin (Minipress) - Answer Use saline, vasopressors, or dopamine
Atorvastatin (Lipitor) class - Answer P: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, statin
T: Antihyperlipidemic
Actions and Uses of Atorvastatin (Lipitor) - Answer Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase decreasing
cholesterol production and increasing receptors on liver, which increases LDL removal from
blood, takes around 2 weeks of treatment to take effect
Administration of Atorvastatin (Lipitor) - Answer Administer with food to decrease GI
discomfort, taken any time of day, preg cat X
