age 1 of 37
CHEM 219 Module 4 Problem Set Principles of Organic
Chemistry with Lab FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS
<BRAND NEW VERSION>
What are hydrocarbons? .....Answer.....Molecules composed of
only the elements carbon and hydrogen
What are the two major classes of hydrocarbons?
.....Answer.....Aromatic (benzene) and aliphatic (alkanes, alkenes,
alkynes)
What is the main source of hydrocarbons? .....Answer.....Fossil
fuels like coal, petroleum, and natural gas obtained by mining
and drilling.
,age 2 of 37
What are Alkanes? .....Answer.....They are saturated
hydrocarbons because their skeleton is only composed of C-C
single bonds.
How can alkanes exist? .....Answer.....They can be linear,
branched or exist in ring formations called cycloalkanes.
Describe a higher/more complex alkane structure:
.....Answer.....They will have more carbons and/or increased
structural diversity.
What is the general formula of Alkanes? .....Answer.....CnH2n+2
The names of the alkanes reflect? .....Answer.....The number of
carbons present.
How many isomers does each alkane have from 1-10
.....Answer.....1,1,1,2,3,5,9,18,35,75
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Name the first ten prefix of alkanes: .....Answer.....Methane,
ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane,
nonane, decane.
As the molecular weight increases: .....Answer.....The number of
isomers increase.
What does the suffix -ane mean? .....Answer.....Denotes a
saturated hydrocarbon. It is used for all acyclic saturated
alkanes
What is nomenclature? .....Answer.....The naming of a molecular
structure. Historically they were named after their source, now
they are systemic.
Why is nomenclature important? .....Answer.....Because we cannot
remember all the prefixes since a MF composed of carbons can
have several different patterns of connectivity.
, age 4 of 37
What is it meant by the systemic approach? .....Answer.....There
are now methods of naming molecules so that they all have
unique names. You can then determine the structure from only the
name and vice-versa.
IUPAC rules for naming branced alkanes: .....Answer.....1. Find
the parent name by identifying the longest continuous chain of
carbons.
2. Number the parent chain. (begin at the end of the chain
nearest to the first branch.)
3. If there are two equally long continuous chains, select the one
with most branches.
4. If the first branch point is the same distance, choose the one
that gives the lowest substituents.
CHEM 219 Module 4 Problem Set Principles of Organic
Chemistry with Lab FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS
<BRAND NEW VERSION>
What are hydrocarbons? .....Answer.....Molecules composed of
only the elements carbon and hydrogen
What are the two major classes of hydrocarbons?
.....Answer.....Aromatic (benzene) and aliphatic (alkanes, alkenes,
alkynes)
What is the main source of hydrocarbons? .....Answer.....Fossil
fuels like coal, petroleum, and natural gas obtained by mining
and drilling.
,age 2 of 37
What are Alkanes? .....Answer.....They are saturated
hydrocarbons because their skeleton is only composed of C-C
single bonds.
How can alkanes exist? .....Answer.....They can be linear,
branched or exist in ring formations called cycloalkanes.
Describe a higher/more complex alkane structure:
.....Answer.....They will have more carbons and/or increased
structural diversity.
What is the general formula of Alkanes? .....Answer.....CnH2n+2
The names of the alkanes reflect? .....Answer.....The number of
carbons present.
How many isomers does each alkane have from 1-10
.....Answer.....1,1,1,2,3,5,9,18,35,75
,age 3 of 37
Name the first ten prefix of alkanes: .....Answer.....Methane,
ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane,
nonane, decane.
As the molecular weight increases: .....Answer.....The number of
isomers increase.
What does the suffix -ane mean? .....Answer.....Denotes a
saturated hydrocarbon. It is used for all acyclic saturated
alkanes
What is nomenclature? .....Answer.....The naming of a molecular
structure. Historically they were named after their source, now
they are systemic.
Why is nomenclature important? .....Answer.....Because we cannot
remember all the prefixes since a MF composed of carbons can
have several different patterns of connectivity.
, age 4 of 37
What is it meant by the systemic approach? .....Answer.....There
are now methods of naming molecules so that they all have
unique names. You can then determine the structure from only the
name and vice-versa.
IUPAC rules for naming branced alkanes: .....Answer.....1. Find
the parent name by identifying the longest continuous chain of
carbons.
2. Number the parent chain. (begin at the end of the chain
nearest to the first branch.)
3. If there are two equally long continuous chains, select the one
with most branches.
4. If the first branch point is the same distance, choose the one
that gives the lowest substituents.
