Fall SemeSter 2025 | UNISa aSSIgNmeNt |
IOP4863 – PerSONNel aNd Career PSyChOlOgy |
COmPlete aNSwerS & COmPreheNSIve StUdy gUIde
| dUe NOvember/deCember 2025
Question 1
Which of the following is a key component of personnel selection?
A) Job Analysis
B) Performance Appraisal
C) Training Needs Assessment
D) Employee Retention
Correct Option: A) Job Analysis
Rationale: Job analysis is essential in personnel selection as it helps define the skills,
knowledge, and abilities required for a position. It informs the entire selection process,
ensuring the right candidates are chosen based on objective criteria.
Question 2
What is the primary purpose of a performance appraisal?
A) To determine salary increases
B) To identify training needs
C) To evaluate employee performance
D) To prepare for legal actions
Correct Option: C) To evaluate employee performance
Rationale: The main aim of a performance appraisal is to systematically evaluate
employee performance against established criteria, providing a foundation for
feedback, development, and improvement.
Question 3
Which theory emphasizes the importance of an individual's expectations in
motivation?
A) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
B) Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
C) Expectancy Theory
D) Equity Theory
Correct Option: C) Expectancy Theory
,Rationale: Expectancy Theory posits that individuals are motivated based on their
expectations of the outcomes of their actions. It suggests that motivation is influenced
by the belief that effort will lead to performance and that performance will lead to
desired outcomes.
Question 4
In career development, what is meant by "career anchoring"?
A) The psychological attachments to an occupation
B) Preferential treatment in promotions
C) The initial stage of an individual’s career
D) A guaranteed job placement
Correct Option: A) The psychological attachments to an occupation
Rationale: Career anchoring refers to the underlying commitment and values
individuals attach to their careers, influencing their job choices and career paths. It
helps explain why some individuals remain in particular fields despite other
opportunities.
Question 5
Which of the following is NOT a typical method used in job analysis?
A) Interviews
B) Surveys
C) Personality Tests
D) Observations
Correct Option: C) Personality Tests
Rationale: While personality tests can be useful in assessing candidate fit, they are not
a standard method for conducting job analysis. Job analysis typically employs methods
like interviews, surveys, and direct observation to gather relevant information about job
duties.
Question 6
What is a disadvantage of using unstructured interviews in the selection process?
A) They are costly
B) They lack flexibility
C) They can introduce bias
D) They are time-consuming
Correct Option: C) They can introduce bias
,Rationale: Unstructured interviews can lead to biases as they often rely on the
interviewer's subjective judgment, potentially resulting in inconsistent evaluations
across candidates.
Question 7
Which of the following best describes "succession planning"?
A) Random training for employees
B) A strategy for promotional decisions
C) Identifying and developing internal personnel for future roles
D) Outsourcing talent acquisition
Correct Option: C) Identifying and developing internal personnel for future roles
Rationale: Succession planning focuses on preparing internal candidates for key roles
within an organization, ensuring leadership continuity and effective talent management.
Question 8
Which of the following methods is most commonly used to assess job
performance?
A) Self-assessments
B) Informal feedback
C) 360-degree feedback
D) Peer reviews
Correct Option: C) 360-degree feedback
Rationale: 360-degree feedback gathers input from a variety of sources, including
peers, subordinates, and managers, providing a comprehensive overview of an
employee's performance.
Question 9
What does "organizational culture" refer to?
A) The company's financial health
B) The shared values and practices within an organization
C) The workforce demographic compositions
D) The policies on employee benefits
Correct Option: B) The shared values and practices within an organization
, Rationale: Organizational culture encapsulates the beliefs, values, and norms that
shape how members of the organization interact and work together, significantly
influencing morale and productivity.
Question 10
Which psychological principle states that employees are motivated by their need
to achieve certain goals?
A) Operant Conditioning
B) Goal-Setting Theory
C) Classical Conditioning
D) Social Learning Theory
Correct Option: B) Goal-Setting Theory
Rationale: Goal-Setting Theory posits that specific and challenging goals,
accompanied by appropriate feedback, lead to higher performance and motivation as
individuals strive to achieve these goals.
Question 11
What is the main focus of career counseling?
A) Job placement
B) Salary negotiations
C) Personal and professional development
D) Organizational restructuring
Correct Option: C) Personal and professional development
Rationale: Career counseling aims to help individuals understand their skills, interests,
and values, guiding them towards informed career choices and paths for professional
growth.
Question 12
When evaluating training effectiveness, which of the following is a commonly used
model?
A) SWOT Analysis
B) ADDIE Model
C) PEST Analysis
D) 5S Model
Correct Option: B) ADDIE Model
IOP4863 – PerSONNel aNd Career PSyChOlOgy |
COmPlete aNSwerS & COmPreheNSIve StUdy gUIde
| dUe NOvember/deCember 2025
Question 1
Which of the following is a key component of personnel selection?
A) Job Analysis
B) Performance Appraisal
C) Training Needs Assessment
D) Employee Retention
Correct Option: A) Job Analysis
Rationale: Job analysis is essential in personnel selection as it helps define the skills,
knowledge, and abilities required for a position. It informs the entire selection process,
ensuring the right candidates are chosen based on objective criteria.
Question 2
What is the primary purpose of a performance appraisal?
A) To determine salary increases
B) To identify training needs
C) To evaluate employee performance
D) To prepare for legal actions
Correct Option: C) To evaluate employee performance
Rationale: The main aim of a performance appraisal is to systematically evaluate
employee performance against established criteria, providing a foundation for
feedback, development, and improvement.
Question 3
Which theory emphasizes the importance of an individual's expectations in
motivation?
A) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
B) Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
C) Expectancy Theory
D) Equity Theory
Correct Option: C) Expectancy Theory
,Rationale: Expectancy Theory posits that individuals are motivated based on their
expectations of the outcomes of their actions. It suggests that motivation is influenced
by the belief that effort will lead to performance and that performance will lead to
desired outcomes.
Question 4
In career development, what is meant by "career anchoring"?
A) The psychological attachments to an occupation
B) Preferential treatment in promotions
C) The initial stage of an individual’s career
D) A guaranteed job placement
Correct Option: A) The psychological attachments to an occupation
Rationale: Career anchoring refers to the underlying commitment and values
individuals attach to their careers, influencing their job choices and career paths. It
helps explain why some individuals remain in particular fields despite other
opportunities.
Question 5
Which of the following is NOT a typical method used in job analysis?
A) Interviews
B) Surveys
C) Personality Tests
D) Observations
Correct Option: C) Personality Tests
Rationale: While personality tests can be useful in assessing candidate fit, they are not
a standard method for conducting job analysis. Job analysis typically employs methods
like interviews, surveys, and direct observation to gather relevant information about job
duties.
Question 6
What is a disadvantage of using unstructured interviews in the selection process?
A) They are costly
B) They lack flexibility
C) They can introduce bias
D) They are time-consuming
Correct Option: C) They can introduce bias
,Rationale: Unstructured interviews can lead to biases as they often rely on the
interviewer's subjective judgment, potentially resulting in inconsistent evaluations
across candidates.
Question 7
Which of the following best describes "succession planning"?
A) Random training for employees
B) A strategy for promotional decisions
C) Identifying and developing internal personnel for future roles
D) Outsourcing talent acquisition
Correct Option: C) Identifying and developing internal personnel for future roles
Rationale: Succession planning focuses on preparing internal candidates for key roles
within an organization, ensuring leadership continuity and effective talent management.
Question 8
Which of the following methods is most commonly used to assess job
performance?
A) Self-assessments
B) Informal feedback
C) 360-degree feedback
D) Peer reviews
Correct Option: C) 360-degree feedback
Rationale: 360-degree feedback gathers input from a variety of sources, including
peers, subordinates, and managers, providing a comprehensive overview of an
employee's performance.
Question 9
What does "organizational culture" refer to?
A) The company's financial health
B) The shared values and practices within an organization
C) The workforce demographic compositions
D) The policies on employee benefits
Correct Option: B) The shared values and practices within an organization
, Rationale: Organizational culture encapsulates the beliefs, values, and norms that
shape how members of the organization interact and work together, significantly
influencing morale and productivity.
Question 10
Which psychological principle states that employees are motivated by their need
to achieve certain goals?
A) Operant Conditioning
B) Goal-Setting Theory
C) Classical Conditioning
D) Social Learning Theory
Correct Option: B) Goal-Setting Theory
Rationale: Goal-Setting Theory posits that specific and challenging goals,
accompanied by appropriate feedback, lead to higher performance and motivation as
individuals strive to achieve these goals.
Question 11
What is the main focus of career counseling?
A) Job placement
B) Salary negotiations
C) Personal and professional development
D) Organizational restructuring
Correct Option: C) Personal and professional development
Rationale: Career counseling aims to help individuals understand their skills, interests,
and values, guiding them towards informed career choices and paths for professional
growth.
Question 12
When evaluating training effectiveness, which of the following is a commonly used
model?
A) SWOT Analysis
B) ADDIE Model
C) PEST Analysis
D) 5S Model
Correct Option: B) ADDIE Model
