NFDN 2003 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<RECENT VERSION>
1. Most common fluid imbalance? - ANSWER ✔ Hypovolemia or dehydration
2. Hypovolemia S&S? - ANSWER ✔ Oliguria, concentrated urine, weak &
rapid pulse, dizziness, thirst, weight loss, decreased blood pressure,
decreased skin turgor, weakness, confusion and muscle cramps
3. Hypervolemia S&S? - ANSWER ✔ Weight gain, SOB, wheezing,
tachycardia, pitting edema, increased blood
4. Imbalance in sodium? - ANSWER ✔ Hypo/hyper natremia
5. Imbalance in potassium? - ANSWER ✔ Hypo/hyper kalemia
6. Imbalance in calcium? - ANSWER ✔ Hypo/hyper calcemia
7. causes of hypernatremia - ANSWER ✔ Decreased water intake, excess
saline/salt, profuse diarrhea, diabetes insipidus, heatstroke, hyperventilation
,8. PH: - ANSWER ✔ High (More than 7.45): Alkalosis
Low (Less than 7.35): Acidosis
9. HCO3 - ANSWER ✔ High (More than 45): Metabolic Alkalosis
Low (Less than 35): Metabolic Acidosis
10.PACO2 - ANSWER ✔ High (More than 26): Respiratory Acidosis
Low (Less than 22): Respiratory Alkalosis
11.isotonic solution - ANSWER ✔ Same number of solutes inside the cell as
outside the cell
12.hypertonic solution - ANSWER ✔ More solutes inside the cell (higher
osmotic pressure)
13.hypotonic solution - ANSWER ✔ Less solutes inside the cell (the solution
has a lower osmotic pressure
14.Review how to calculate drip factor: - ANSWER ✔ ml/h x drop factor /
minutes = gtts/min
15.Assessments of fluid balance - ANSWER ✔ Health history
Head to toe
Input and output
, Assess for edema
Check the diagnostic tests
16.3 classifications of hormones - ANSWER ✔ Steroid, peptide, protein
17.What is assessed during a physical examination to assess general mobility -
ANSWER ✔ Body alignment (posture), gait, joints, skeletal muscles,
neurovascular function
18.Tibial nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation: prick
the medial and lateral surface of sole
Movement: planarflex toes and ankle
19.Peroneal nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation:
prick of skin between great and 2nd toe
Movement: dorsiflex ankle and extend toes
20.Radial nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation:
prick between the thumb and 2nd finger
Movement: stretch out thumb, then wrist, then fingers
21.Ulnar nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation: prick
the fat pad at the top of the small finger
, Movement: spread all fingers
22.Median nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation:
prick the top or distal surface of index finger
Movement: touch thumb to
23.CTEMPS - ANSWER ✔ Cap refill/color
Temperature
Mobility
Pulse/pain
Sensation
24.PQRSTU - ANSWER ✔ Provoking
Quality
Region and radiates
severity pain scale 1-10
Time
25.Arthrocentesis - ANSWER ✔ Sample of synovial fluid taken from joint and
sent to lab
26.Rheumatoid arthritis - antibodies in fluid
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<RECENT VERSION>
1. Most common fluid imbalance? - ANSWER ✔ Hypovolemia or dehydration
2. Hypovolemia S&S? - ANSWER ✔ Oliguria, concentrated urine, weak &
rapid pulse, dizziness, thirst, weight loss, decreased blood pressure,
decreased skin turgor, weakness, confusion and muscle cramps
3. Hypervolemia S&S? - ANSWER ✔ Weight gain, SOB, wheezing,
tachycardia, pitting edema, increased blood
4. Imbalance in sodium? - ANSWER ✔ Hypo/hyper natremia
5. Imbalance in potassium? - ANSWER ✔ Hypo/hyper kalemia
6. Imbalance in calcium? - ANSWER ✔ Hypo/hyper calcemia
7. causes of hypernatremia - ANSWER ✔ Decreased water intake, excess
saline/salt, profuse diarrhea, diabetes insipidus, heatstroke, hyperventilation
,8. PH: - ANSWER ✔ High (More than 7.45): Alkalosis
Low (Less than 7.35): Acidosis
9. HCO3 - ANSWER ✔ High (More than 45): Metabolic Alkalosis
Low (Less than 35): Metabolic Acidosis
10.PACO2 - ANSWER ✔ High (More than 26): Respiratory Acidosis
Low (Less than 22): Respiratory Alkalosis
11.isotonic solution - ANSWER ✔ Same number of solutes inside the cell as
outside the cell
12.hypertonic solution - ANSWER ✔ More solutes inside the cell (higher
osmotic pressure)
13.hypotonic solution - ANSWER ✔ Less solutes inside the cell (the solution
has a lower osmotic pressure
14.Review how to calculate drip factor: - ANSWER ✔ ml/h x drop factor /
minutes = gtts/min
15.Assessments of fluid balance - ANSWER ✔ Health history
Head to toe
Input and output
, Assess for edema
Check the diagnostic tests
16.3 classifications of hormones - ANSWER ✔ Steroid, peptide, protein
17.What is assessed during a physical examination to assess general mobility -
ANSWER ✔ Body alignment (posture), gait, joints, skeletal muscles,
neurovascular function
18.Tibial nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation: prick
the medial and lateral surface of sole
Movement: planarflex toes and ankle
19.Peroneal nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation:
prick of skin between great and 2nd toe
Movement: dorsiflex ankle and extend toes
20.Radial nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation:
prick between the thumb and 2nd finger
Movement: stretch out thumb, then wrist, then fingers
21.Ulnar nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation: prick
the fat pad at the top of the small finger
, Movement: spread all fingers
22.Median nerve: assess sensation and movement - ANSWER ✔ Sensation:
prick the top or distal surface of index finger
Movement: touch thumb to
23.CTEMPS - ANSWER ✔ Cap refill/color
Temperature
Mobility
Pulse/pain
Sensation
24.PQRSTU - ANSWER ✔ Provoking
Quality
Region and radiates
severity pain scale 1-10
Time
25.Arthrocentesis - ANSWER ✔ Sample of synovial fluid taken from joint and
sent to lab
26.Rheumatoid arthritis - antibodies in fluid
