Renewable Materials
Biophilic design = Designing with the aim of
incorporating nature into
architecture.
Bio-mimicry = Nature inspired shapes or designs.
Cellulosic materials: (2) Timber
Thatch (straw)
What is the difference between the Softwood has a regular lumen
microstructure of softwood and structure. Hardwood is more
hardwood? complex.
Elements in the lumina (cell Water
cavities) in timber: (2) Sugar
Recycle levels of timber: (3) 1. A-wood -> Reuse
2. B-wood -> Incinerated or
boards
3. C-wood -> Waste (toxic)
What is thatch used for Roofing
traditionally?
How can straw be used to make Nebraska style (load-bearing)
buildings? (2) Timber frame with strawbales
To protect straw building against Gypsum
moisture, which internal plastering
material is used?
To protect straw building against Clay or lime
moisture, which external plastering
material is used? (2)
Properties of Building Materials
Types of properties: (2) Mechanical properties (external) ->
strength, stiffness etc.
Physical properties (element)
Three crystallinity types: (3) 1. Crystalline
2. Polycrystalline (metal, stone
and plastic)
3. Amorphous (plastic and
glass)
, Isotropy = Properties in one direction (stone).
Anisotropy = Properties in more directions
(wood).
How can we calculate stiffness (E- Using the stress and
mod)? strain of a material.
What can be said about ductility Contrast with each other. Low
related to stiffness? stiffness means high ductility
(buigbaar).
What can be said about brittleness High stiffness means little ductility
related to stiffness? so a sudden breaking point.
What can be said about the Low strength
properties of a good insulator? (3) Low thermal conductivity
High porosity (due to a lot of air)
What can be said about the Low permeability (amount of liquid
properties of a external layer? let through)
How is light or sound waves Reflection
distributed when it hits an object Transmission
(window)? (3) Absorption
Insulation and Heat Buffering Materials
How can heat leakage be Adding a reflective surface to the
prevented with insulation? insulation layer, that reflects the
heat.
Delamination = Bulging in the reflective layer due
to thermal expansion and being
separated from the rest of the
layer.
What does thermal mass due with Mostly keep a constant
temperatures in a building? temperature.
Insulating materials: (4) Glass wool
Autoclaved aerated concrete
EPS
Aerogel
Why is glass wool a good insulator? Lightweight
(3) Holds a lot of air
Comes in many forms
Why is AAC a good insulator? (3) Holds a lot of air
Fire resistant
Frost resistant
EPS = A type of plastic that’s recyclable.
Why is EPS a good insulator? (2) Low thermal conductivity
High durability
Why is EPS a bad insulator? Fire hazard
Why is aerogel a good insulator? Extremely lightweight
Almost no heat conduction (< air) -
Biophilic design = Designing with the aim of
incorporating nature into
architecture.
Bio-mimicry = Nature inspired shapes or designs.
Cellulosic materials: (2) Timber
Thatch (straw)
What is the difference between the Softwood has a regular lumen
microstructure of softwood and structure. Hardwood is more
hardwood? complex.
Elements in the lumina (cell Water
cavities) in timber: (2) Sugar
Recycle levels of timber: (3) 1. A-wood -> Reuse
2. B-wood -> Incinerated or
boards
3. C-wood -> Waste (toxic)
What is thatch used for Roofing
traditionally?
How can straw be used to make Nebraska style (load-bearing)
buildings? (2) Timber frame with strawbales
To protect straw building against Gypsum
moisture, which internal plastering
material is used?
To protect straw building against Clay or lime
moisture, which external plastering
material is used? (2)
Properties of Building Materials
Types of properties: (2) Mechanical properties (external) ->
strength, stiffness etc.
Physical properties (element)
Three crystallinity types: (3) 1. Crystalline
2. Polycrystalline (metal, stone
and plastic)
3. Amorphous (plastic and
glass)
, Isotropy = Properties in one direction (stone).
Anisotropy = Properties in more directions
(wood).
How can we calculate stiffness (E- Using the stress and
mod)? strain of a material.
What can be said about ductility Contrast with each other. Low
related to stiffness? stiffness means high ductility
(buigbaar).
What can be said about brittleness High stiffness means little ductility
related to stiffness? so a sudden breaking point.
What can be said about the Low strength
properties of a good insulator? (3) Low thermal conductivity
High porosity (due to a lot of air)
What can be said about the Low permeability (amount of liquid
properties of a external layer? let through)
How is light or sound waves Reflection
distributed when it hits an object Transmission
(window)? (3) Absorption
Insulation and Heat Buffering Materials
How can heat leakage be Adding a reflective surface to the
prevented with insulation? insulation layer, that reflects the
heat.
Delamination = Bulging in the reflective layer due
to thermal expansion and being
separated from the rest of the
layer.
What does thermal mass due with Mostly keep a constant
temperatures in a building? temperature.
Insulating materials: (4) Glass wool
Autoclaved aerated concrete
EPS
Aerogel
Why is glass wool a good insulator? Lightweight
(3) Holds a lot of air
Comes in many forms
Why is AAC a good insulator? (3) Holds a lot of air
Fire resistant
Frost resistant
EPS = A type of plastic that’s recyclable.
Why is EPS a good insulator? (2) Low thermal conductivity
High durability
Why is EPS a bad insulator? Fire hazard
Why is aerogel a good insulator? Extremely lightweight
Almost no heat conduction (< air) -
