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MS QUIZ 2 FLUID, ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE
BALANCE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
1. A patient is prescribed an electrolyte replacement.
How should the nurse explain the purpose of an
electrolyte to the patient? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔1.
ANS: B
A chemical that can conduct electricity when dissolved in
water
6. An older adult with gastroenteritis is disoriented and
weak and has the following laboratory test results:
Hct 56% (normal 40% to 51%)
BUN 32 mg/dL (normal 6 mg/dL to 20 mg/dL)
Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse select for this
patient? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔6. ANS: C
Deficient fluid volume
9. A patient with a history of renal failure is admitted to
the hospital because of decreasing urine output and a
potassium level of 5.9 mEq/L. Which food should the
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nurse teach the patient to avoid? - .....ANSWER .....
✔✔9. ANS: B
Potatoes
10. A patient is diagnosed with an abnormal potassium
level. Which complication should the nurse assess for in
this patient? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔10. ANS: A
Cardiac arrest
12. A patient with severe diarrhea has a potassium
imbalance. Which symptoms should the nurse expect the
patient to demonstration because of this imbalance? -
.....ANSWER ..... ✔✔12. ANS: A
Shallow respirations, lethargy, nausea
15. A patient develops an irregular heart rate,
abdominal cramping, and diarrhea after a
thyroidectomy. Which emergency medication should the
nurse anticipate being prescribed for this patient -
.....ANSWER ..... ✔✔15. ANS: B
Calcium gluconate
B. These are initial signs of hypocalcemia, which can
occur with accidental removal of the parathyroid glands
during thyroidectomy.
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17. The nurse is concerned that an older patient is at risk
for dehydration. What reduced function did the nurse
assess in this patient? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔17. ANS:
C
Sensation of thirst
19. A patient is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which
electrolyte should the nurse monitor carefully because of
this medication? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔19. ANS: B
Potassium
18. While assessing an older adult patient with fluid
excess, the nurse notes the following: T = 98.6°F, P =
92, R = 18, BP = 166/88 mm Hg, bilateral crackles,
oxygen saturation = 95%. Which action should the nurse
take first? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔18. ANS: B
Place the patient in a high Fowler's position.
20. An older patient is admitted for treatment of fluid
volume excess. For which serious respiratory
complication of fluid volume excess should the nurse
assess this patient - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔20. ANS: A
Pulmonary edema
MS QUIZ 2 FLUID, ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE
BALANCE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
1. A patient is prescribed an electrolyte replacement.
How should the nurse explain the purpose of an
electrolyte to the patient? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔1.
ANS: B
A chemical that can conduct electricity when dissolved in
water
6. An older adult with gastroenteritis is disoriented and
weak and has the following laboratory test results:
Hct 56% (normal 40% to 51%)
BUN 32 mg/dL (normal 6 mg/dL to 20 mg/dL)
Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse select for this
patient? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔6. ANS: C
Deficient fluid volume
9. A patient with a history of renal failure is admitted to
the hospital because of decreasing urine output and a
potassium level of 5.9 mEq/L. Which food should the
,2|Page
nurse teach the patient to avoid? - .....ANSWER .....
✔✔9. ANS: B
Potatoes
10. A patient is diagnosed with an abnormal potassium
level. Which complication should the nurse assess for in
this patient? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔10. ANS: A
Cardiac arrest
12. A patient with severe diarrhea has a potassium
imbalance. Which symptoms should the nurse expect the
patient to demonstration because of this imbalance? -
.....ANSWER ..... ✔✔12. ANS: A
Shallow respirations, lethargy, nausea
15. A patient develops an irregular heart rate,
abdominal cramping, and diarrhea after a
thyroidectomy. Which emergency medication should the
nurse anticipate being prescribed for this patient -
.....ANSWER ..... ✔✔15. ANS: B
Calcium gluconate
B. These are initial signs of hypocalcemia, which can
occur with accidental removal of the parathyroid glands
during thyroidectomy.
, 3|Page
17. The nurse is concerned that an older patient is at risk
for dehydration. What reduced function did the nurse
assess in this patient? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔17. ANS:
C
Sensation of thirst
19. A patient is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which
electrolyte should the nurse monitor carefully because of
this medication? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔19. ANS: B
Potassium
18. While assessing an older adult patient with fluid
excess, the nurse notes the following: T = 98.6°F, P =
92, R = 18, BP = 166/88 mm Hg, bilateral crackles,
oxygen saturation = 95%. Which action should the nurse
take first? - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔18. ANS: B
Place the patient in a high Fowler's position.
20. An older patient is admitted for treatment of fluid
volume excess. For which serious respiratory
complication of fluid volume excess should the nurse
assess this patient - .....ANSWER ..... ✔✔20. ANS: A
Pulmonary edema
