Airline Transport Pilot (ATP) Licensure
Practice Exam Questions And Correct
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Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
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(Covers: Aerodynamics, Flight Planning, Meteorology, Air Law, Aircraft
Systems, Human Factors, Navigation, and Performance)
1. What is the primary purpose of the angle of attack indicator?
A. To show aircraft attitude relative to the horizon
B. To indicate the angle between the chord line and relative wind
C. To measure the angle between flight path and ground track
D. To determine wing incidence
Rationale: The angle of attack is the angle between the chord line of the
wing and the relative wind. It is critical for stall prevention and performance
awareness.
,2. The critical Mach number is defined as the Mach number at which:
A. The aircraft reaches maximum lift
B. The airflow over some part of the wing reaches Mach 1
C. The aircraft experiences compressibility effects
D. Shock waves form behind the trailing edge
Rationale: Critical Mach is the point where airflow locally becomes
supersonic, signaling the onset of compressibility effects.
3. The primary flight control that controls roll is:
A. Ailerons
B. Rudder
C. Elevator
D. Spoilers
Rationale: Ailerons produce differential lift on the wings, controlling roll
about the longitudinal axis.
4. Which factor increases the stalling speed?
A. Decreasing load factor
B. Increasing altitude
C. Increasing bank angle
D. Extending flaps
,Rationale: Increased bank angle raises the load factor, requiring more lift
and increasing stall speed.
5. A standard holding pattern uses turns to the:
A. Right
B. Left
C. Either direction depending on pilot preference
D. As instructed by ATC only
Rationale: Standard holding patterns are right turns unless ATC specifies
otherwise.
6. The minimum safe altitude over congested areas is:
A. 500 feet AGL
B. 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within 2,000 feet horizontally
C. 1,500 feet above terrain
D. 2,000 feet AGL
Rationale: Regulations require maintaining at least 1,000 feet above the
highest obstacle within a 2,000-foot radius in congested areas.
7. The purpose of the Mach trim system is to:
A. Compensate for Mach tuck at high speeds
B. Increase climb performance
, C. Prevent overbanking
D. Control yaw at transonic speeds
Rationale: Mach tuck causes the nose to pitch down at high subsonic speeds;
Mach trim automatically corrects this tendency.
8. The main function of spoilers in flight is to:
A. Increase lift
B. Reduce lift and increase drag
C. Reduce drag and increase lift
D. Assist yaw control
Rationale: Spoilers destroy lift and increase drag, aiding descent or roll
control.
9. The transition level is:
A. The altitude where QNH is set
B. The level where standard pressure is set on descent
C. The lowest flight level available for use above the transition altitude
D. The fixed altitude at which climb is initiated
Rationale: The transition level is the lowest usable flight level above the
transition altitude where 1013.25 hPa is used.
Practice Exam Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
(Covers: Aerodynamics, Flight Planning, Meteorology, Air Law, Aircraft
Systems, Human Factors, Navigation, and Performance)
1. What is the primary purpose of the angle of attack indicator?
A. To show aircraft attitude relative to the horizon
B. To indicate the angle between the chord line and relative wind
C. To measure the angle between flight path and ground track
D. To determine wing incidence
Rationale: The angle of attack is the angle between the chord line of the
wing and the relative wind. It is critical for stall prevention and performance
awareness.
,2. The critical Mach number is defined as the Mach number at which:
A. The aircraft reaches maximum lift
B. The airflow over some part of the wing reaches Mach 1
C. The aircraft experiences compressibility effects
D. Shock waves form behind the trailing edge
Rationale: Critical Mach is the point where airflow locally becomes
supersonic, signaling the onset of compressibility effects.
3. The primary flight control that controls roll is:
A. Ailerons
B. Rudder
C. Elevator
D. Spoilers
Rationale: Ailerons produce differential lift on the wings, controlling roll
about the longitudinal axis.
4. Which factor increases the stalling speed?
A. Decreasing load factor
B. Increasing altitude
C. Increasing bank angle
D. Extending flaps
,Rationale: Increased bank angle raises the load factor, requiring more lift
and increasing stall speed.
5. A standard holding pattern uses turns to the:
A. Right
B. Left
C. Either direction depending on pilot preference
D. As instructed by ATC only
Rationale: Standard holding patterns are right turns unless ATC specifies
otherwise.
6. The minimum safe altitude over congested areas is:
A. 500 feet AGL
B. 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within 2,000 feet horizontally
C. 1,500 feet above terrain
D. 2,000 feet AGL
Rationale: Regulations require maintaining at least 1,000 feet above the
highest obstacle within a 2,000-foot radius in congested areas.
7. The purpose of the Mach trim system is to:
A. Compensate for Mach tuck at high speeds
B. Increase climb performance
, C. Prevent overbanking
D. Control yaw at transonic speeds
Rationale: Mach tuck causes the nose to pitch down at high subsonic speeds;
Mach trim automatically corrects this tendency.
8. The main function of spoilers in flight is to:
A. Increase lift
B. Reduce lift and increase drag
C. Reduce drag and increase lift
D. Assist yaw control
Rationale: Spoilers destroy lift and increase drag, aiding descent or roll
control.
9. The transition level is:
A. The altitude where QNH is set
B. The level where standard pressure is set on descent
C. The lowest flight level available for use above the transition altitude
D. The fixed altitude at which climb is initiated
Rationale: The transition level is the lowest usable flight level above the
transition altitude where 1013.25 hPa is used.
