Solutions
uses the correct symbols for each level of points that alternate
between numbers and letters, beginning with numbers
speech outline
reflects coherence, which means (1) the content is presented in
an inverted pyramid format with content that moves from
general to increasingly specific and (2) includes an ongoing
narrative thread based on the central idea or thesis
speech outline
presents points as complete sentences (completeness)
speech outline
has balance, so that all main points have the same number of
primary and subpoints
speech outline
utilizes division, which makes that if there is one of any kind of
point, there must be at least two of them
speech outline
topical organizational pattern
by subject matter
chronological organizational pattern
according to a timeline
,spatial organizational pattern
according to a pattern, often some kind of construction
causal organizational pattern
cause and effect, who or what is responsible
problem-solution organizational pattern
define the problem and propose how to solve it
problem-cause-solution organizational pattern
address the causes of the problem and includes a discussion of a
solution
Monroe's motivated sequence organizational pattern
a five step pattern for persuasive speeches
critical elements of a competent speech introduction
gain attention, clear purpose statement, prove importance,
preview points
in an introduction, you gain attention to
focus the audience
in an introduction, you have a clear purpose statement to
alert the audience
in an introduction, you prove importance to
make the audience care
in an introduction, you preview points to
give the audience a roadmap
, a conclusion must
summarize main points, circle back to the intro, finish stron
a conclusion must summarize main points to
connect the dots
a conclusion must circle back to the intro
bookending
a conclusion must finish strong to
be memorable
informative speaking
teaches
persuasive speaking
preaches
persuasion is a communication process of
converting, modifying, or maintaining attitudes or beliefs or
behaviors of others
the primary dimensions of a persuasive speaker's credibility
competence, trustworthiness, dynamism, composure
competence
an audience's perception of a speaker's knowledge or experience
on a topic
trustworthiness
how truthful or honest an audience perceives a speaker to be