Nurs 200 Midterm
NURS 200 Midterm Study Guide (ATI 7 Based)
Informed Consent and Nurse's Role Ch 4
Informed consent is a legal process where the client is provided with sufficient information to
make an informed decision about their healthcare. The nurse’s role is to:
- Witness the client’s signature on the informed consent form.
- Ensure the client is competent and understands the procedure, risks, benefits, and
alternatives.
- Notify the provider if the client has questions or appears unsure.
Assault, False Imprisonment, Negligence, Battery Ch 3. Ethical Responsibility
- Assault: A threat or attempt to make bodily contact without consent.
- False Imprisonment: Restricting a person’s freedom of movement without legal justification
(e.g., using restraints without an order).
- Negligence: Failure to provide care that a reasonably prudent nurse would offer.
- Battery: Intentional touching of a person without consent (e.g., administering an injection
against a client’s will).
NCLEX Concepts: Autonomy, Beneficence, Fidelity, Justice, Nonmaleficence, Veracity
Autonomy: Right to make own decisions, even when they are not in that person’s best interest.
Beneficence: Action that promotes good for others, without any self-interest.
Fidelity: Fulfillment of promises
Justice: Fairness in care delivery and use of resources.
Nonmaleficence: Commitment to not cause harm
Veracity: Commitment to tell the truth.
Ethical dilemmas: Involve more than one choice and stem from differences in values and beliefs
of the clinical decision makers. These are common in healthcare, and nurses must apply ethical
theory and decision-maing to ethical problems. 1. Scientific data is not enough to solve it. 2. The
conflict of two moral imperatives. 3. The answer will have a profound effect on the situation and
the client.
Ethical guidelines: American Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive
Statements and the International Council of Nurses The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses.
Moral Distress: occurs when nurse is placed in a difficult situation where the actions taken are
different from what the nurse feels is ethically correct.
,Types of Torts Ch 4. Legal Responsibilities
- Intentional torts: Assault, Battery, False Imprisonment.
- Quasi-intentional torts: Invasion of privacy, Defamation.
- Unintentional torts: Negligence, Malpractice.
Unintentional Torts:
Negligence: Omission or Commission
1. Omission (Failure to act): Failing to check patient’s blood sugar levels before administering
insulin. Failing to prescribe insulin to a diabetic patient, resulting in hyperglycemia or diabetic
ketoacidosis. Not checking a patient’s vitals post-operatively. Not raising bed rails for a
confused patient. Not responding to a patient’s call light in a timely manner. Failing to report
a significant change to a petient’s vital signs to a provider. Failing to access or document
changes in wound site. Legal term: Professional Negligence
2. Commission (Wrongful action): Administering the wrong medication or wrong dose, causing
harm. Inserting a Foley catheter without a physician’s order or patient’s consent. Using
contaminated or non-sterile equipment, resulting in hospital-acquired infection. Performing
outside the nurse’s scope of practice. Legal term: Professional Negligence
3. Poor Judgment or Inattention: -
1. Poor Judgement is often classified as commission. Making an active but inappropriate
choice based on flawed reasoning. Ex. A nurse decides to give a medication without checking
for allergies, assuming it’s harmless. This is poor judgment and active error. 2. Inattention
is typically omission, because the nurse fails to notice or do something important due to
distraction, carelessness, or fatigue. Ex. A nurse doesn’t notice that a patient’s IV site is red
and swollen because they were rushing or distracted. This is failure to assess is inattention
and an ommission. Not raising bed rails for a confused patient. Not responding to a patient’s
call light for a long time.
Poor Judgment: Making an active but inappropriate choice, Usually Commission.
Inattention: Failing to observe, assess, or act appropriately. Usually Omission.
State Board of Nursing Responsibilities (BON)
1. Licensure requires passing NCLEX-RN or NCLEX-PN. Issues and renews RN, LPN, and APRN.
2. Scope of Practice: Definces what nurses can legally do based on licensure level.
3. Nurse Practice Envorcement: Investigates misconduct, unsafe practice, or legal violations. Can
suspend or revoke licenses.
4. Approves Nurse Education Programs. Ensuring state programs meet minimum requirements.
Can close programs with low NCLEX pass rates.
5. Disciplinary actions. Responds to reports of substance abuse, negligence or malpractice,
HIPAA violations.
6. Continuing Education (CE). Sets CE requirements for license renewal.
, 7. Monitoring Recovery Programs. Offers peer-assistance or diversion programs for impaired
nurses.
BON acts as the legal and regulatory body for nursing practice within the state.
NCLEX question themes involving the BON:
1. Reporting Unsafe Practice or Impairment. You must report any nurse or provider who is
unsafe, impaired, abusive, or violating patient safety to the State BON. Example: A nurse
suspects that a colleague is coming to work under the influence of alcohol. What is the
appropriate action? Answer: Report the nurse to the supervisor and notify the State Board of
Nursing.
2. Violations of the Nurse Practice Act. BON enforces the NPA, which defines what nurses can
and cannot legally do. Acting outside of scope of practice is a reportable offense. Example: A
nurse delegate instructs an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to administer an oral
medication. What is the nurse’s liability? Answer: The nurse is violating the Nurse Practice Act
and may face discipline from the BON.
3. Licensure and Discipline. BON handles license suspension, probation, revocation, and
reactivation. The NCLEX may test your knowledge of when a nurse may lose or face
limitations on their license. Example: Which action by a nurse could result in the State Board
suspending their license? Answer: Falsifying documentation.
4. Nursing Education Oversight. BON approves state nursing education programs and monitors
outcomes (like NCLEX pass rates). Example: Who ensures that state nursing programs meet
requirements to prepare students for safe practice? Answer: State Board of Nursing. (State
BON)
5. Scope of Practice. BON defines and updates scope for LPN, RNs, and APRNs. NCLEX may test
wheter a task falls within a nurse’s legal role. Example: Which task is appropriate for an LPN
according to most state Nurse Practice Acts? Answer: Administering oral medications to
stable clients.
6. Investigation and Disciplinary Process. If a nurse is reported for unsafe behavior, the BON
investigates and determines if disciplinary action is needed. Example: After a medication error
that caused harm, what is the likely action of the State BON? Answer: Conduct an
investigation to determine if the nurse should face disciplinary action.
Summary of NCLEX Question Triggers Involving BON:
Reporting impaired, abusive, or negligent nurses.
Understanding scope of practice.
Disciplinary actions (license suspension or revocation_
BON’s role in approving nursing schools
Mandatory reporting of unprofessional conduct
Breach of Confidentiality and Consequences Ch 4
Occurs when a nurse or healthcare provider shares a patient’s protected health information
(PHI) with anyone not authorized to receive it. PHI includes: Name, Date of Birth, Address,
NURS 200 Midterm Study Guide (ATI 7 Based)
Informed Consent and Nurse's Role Ch 4
Informed consent is a legal process where the client is provided with sufficient information to
make an informed decision about their healthcare. The nurse’s role is to:
- Witness the client’s signature on the informed consent form.
- Ensure the client is competent and understands the procedure, risks, benefits, and
alternatives.
- Notify the provider if the client has questions or appears unsure.
Assault, False Imprisonment, Negligence, Battery Ch 3. Ethical Responsibility
- Assault: A threat or attempt to make bodily contact without consent.
- False Imprisonment: Restricting a person’s freedom of movement without legal justification
(e.g., using restraints without an order).
- Negligence: Failure to provide care that a reasonably prudent nurse would offer.
- Battery: Intentional touching of a person without consent (e.g., administering an injection
against a client’s will).
NCLEX Concepts: Autonomy, Beneficence, Fidelity, Justice, Nonmaleficence, Veracity
Autonomy: Right to make own decisions, even when they are not in that person’s best interest.
Beneficence: Action that promotes good for others, without any self-interest.
Fidelity: Fulfillment of promises
Justice: Fairness in care delivery and use of resources.
Nonmaleficence: Commitment to not cause harm
Veracity: Commitment to tell the truth.
Ethical dilemmas: Involve more than one choice and stem from differences in values and beliefs
of the clinical decision makers. These are common in healthcare, and nurses must apply ethical
theory and decision-maing to ethical problems. 1. Scientific data is not enough to solve it. 2. The
conflict of two moral imperatives. 3. The answer will have a profound effect on the situation and
the client.
Ethical guidelines: American Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive
Statements and the International Council of Nurses The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses.
Moral Distress: occurs when nurse is placed in a difficult situation where the actions taken are
different from what the nurse feels is ethically correct.
,Types of Torts Ch 4. Legal Responsibilities
- Intentional torts: Assault, Battery, False Imprisonment.
- Quasi-intentional torts: Invasion of privacy, Defamation.
- Unintentional torts: Negligence, Malpractice.
Unintentional Torts:
Negligence: Omission or Commission
1. Omission (Failure to act): Failing to check patient’s blood sugar levels before administering
insulin. Failing to prescribe insulin to a diabetic patient, resulting in hyperglycemia or diabetic
ketoacidosis. Not checking a patient’s vitals post-operatively. Not raising bed rails for a
confused patient. Not responding to a patient’s call light in a timely manner. Failing to report
a significant change to a petient’s vital signs to a provider. Failing to access or document
changes in wound site. Legal term: Professional Negligence
2. Commission (Wrongful action): Administering the wrong medication or wrong dose, causing
harm. Inserting a Foley catheter without a physician’s order or patient’s consent. Using
contaminated or non-sterile equipment, resulting in hospital-acquired infection. Performing
outside the nurse’s scope of practice. Legal term: Professional Negligence
3. Poor Judgment or Inattention: -
1. Poor Judgement is often classified as commission. Making an active but inappropriate
choice based on flawed reasoning. Ex. A nurse decides to give a medication without checking
for allergies, assuming it’s harmless. This is poor judgment and active error. 2. Inattention
is typically omission, because the nurse fails to notice or do something important due to
distraction, carelessness, or fatigue. Ex. A nurse doesn’t notice that a patient’s IV site is red
and swollen because they were rushing or distracted. This is failure to assess is inattention
and an ommission. Not raising bed rails for a confused patient. Not responding to a patient’s
call light for a long time.
Poor Judgment: Making an active but inappropriate choice, Usually Commission.
Inattention: Failing to observe, assess, or act appropriately. Usually Omission.
State Board of Nursing Responsibilities (BON)
1. Licensure requires passing NCLEX-RN or NCLEX-PN. Issues and renews RN, LPN, and APRN.
2. Scope of Practice: Definces what nurses can legally do based on licensure level.
3. Nurse Practice Envorcement: Investigates misconduct, unsafe practice, or legal violations. Can
suspend or revoke licenses.
4. Approves Nurse Education Programs. Ensuring state programs meet minimum requirements.
Can close programs with low NCLEX pass rates.
5. Disciplinary actions. Responds to reports of substance abuse, negligence or malpractice,
HIPAA violations.
6. Continuing Education (CE). Sets CE requirements for license renewal.
, 7. Monitoring Recovery Programs. Offers peer-assistance or diversion programs for impaired
nurses.
BON acts as the legal and regulatory body for nursing practice within the state.
NCLEX question themes involving the BON:
1. Reporting Unsafe Practice or Impairment. You must report any nurse or provider who is
unsafe, impaired, abusive, or violating patient safety to the State BON. Example: A nurse
suspects that a colleague is coming to work under the influence of alcohol. What is the
appropriate action? Answer: Report the nurse to the supervisor and notify the State Board of
Nursing.
2. Violations of the Nurse Practice Act. BON enforces the NPA, which defines what nurses can
and cannot legally do. Acting outside of scope of practice is a reportable offense. Example: A
nurse delegate instructs an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to administer an oral
medication. What is the nurse’s liability? Answer: The nurse is violating the Nurse Practice Act
and may face discipline from the BON.
3. Licensure and Discipline. BON handles license suspension, probation, revocation, and
reactivation. The NCLEX may test your knowledge of when a nurse may lose or face
limitations on their license. Example: Which action by a nurse could result in the State Board
suspending their license? Answer: Falsifying documentation.
4. Nursing Education Oversight. BON approves state nursing education programs and monitors
outcomes (like NCLEX pass rates). Example: Who ensures that state nursing programs meet
requirements to prepare students for safe practice? Answer: State Board of Nursing. (State
BON)
5. Scope of Practice. BON defines and updates scope for LPN, RNs, and APRNs. NCLEX may test
wheter a task falls within a nurse’s legal role. Example: Which task is appropriate for an LPN
according to most state Nurse Practice Acts? Answer: Administering oral medications to
stable clients.
6. Investigation and Disciplinary Process. If a nurse is reported for unsafe behavior, the BON
investigates and determines if disciplinary action is needed. Example: After a medication error
that caused harm, what is the likely action of the State BON? Answer: Conduct an
investigation to determine if the nurse should face disciplinary action.
Summary of NCLEX Question Triggers Involving BON:
Reporting impaired, abusive, or negligent nurses.
Understanding scope of practice.
Disciplinary actions (license suspension or revocation_
BON’s role in approving nursing schools
Mandatory reporting of unprofessional conduct
Breach of Confidentiality and Consequences Ch 4
Occurs when a nurse or healthcare provider shares a patient’s protected health information
(PHI) with anyone not authorized to receive it. PHI includes: Name, Date of Birth, Address,
