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Accounting What The Numbers Mean
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13th Edition by David Marshall
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All Chapters 1 - 16
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,CHAPTER
1
Accounting—Present and Past v v
CHAPTER OUTLINE: v
I. What Is Accounting?
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A. Definition
B. Uses of Accounting Information
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C. Classifications
1. Financial Accounting v
2. Managerial Accounting / Cost Accounting v v v v
3. Auditing — Public Accounting v v v
4. Internal Auditing v
5. Governmentaland Not-for-Profit Accounting v v v
6. Income Tax Accounting v v
II. How Has Accounting Developed?
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A. Early History v
B. The Accounting Profession in the United States
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C. Financial Accounting Standard Setting at the Present Time
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1. Financial Accounting Standards Board v v v
2. Standards are Evolving v v
D. Standards for Other Types of Accounting v v v v v
1. Managerial Accounting / Cost Accounting v v v v
2. Auditing
3. Governmentaland Not-for-Profit Accounting v v v
4. Income Tax Accounting v v
E. International Accounting Standards v v
F. Ethics and the Accounting Profession
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III. The Conceptual Framework
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A. Context
B. Summary of Concepts Statement No. 8, Chapter 1 — The Objective of General
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v PurposeFinancial Reporting v v
C. Objectives of Financial Reporting for Nonbusiness Organizations v v v v v v
IV. Plan of the Book
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,TEACHING/LEARNING OBJECTIVES: v
Principal:
1. To present a definition of accounting.
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2. To identifyand describe different classifications of accounting.
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3. To emphasize that financial accounting standards are not a ―fixed code of rules,‖ but
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are established in response to user needs and business developments. Accountants
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need to applyprofessional judgment in the application of accounting principles.
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4. To emphasize the role and sources of ethics for the accounting profession.
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Supporting:
5. To summarize how accounting has evolved over time.
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6. To identify sources of standards for other types of accounting and to contrast these
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withfinancial accounting standards.
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7. To introduce the issues associated with the development of international
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accountingstandards.
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8. To describe the context of the FASB Conceptual Framework project.
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9. To summarize Concepts Statement No. 8, Chapter 1 — The Objective of General
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PurposeFinancial Reporting.
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10. To relate the objectives of financial reporting for nonbusiness organizations to
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vthose ofbusiness enterprises.
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TEACHING OBSERVATIONS/ASSIGNMENT SUGGESTIONS:
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1. Students should be put on notice about the jargon of accounting, the use of
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synonymous terms, the importance of the context within which a term is used, and the
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need for precisionin the use of terminology. The first example of jargon is the term
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entity.
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, 2. When discussing "Auditing — Public Accounting," have students find the auditors'
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opinionin the Campbell Soup Company 2020 Annual Report (see pages 87-88 of the
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Appendix). Emphasize that a "clean opinion" is not a "clean bill of health."
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3. Discuss the Summary of Concepts Statement No. 8, Chapter 1 — The Objective of
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FinancialReporting, in detail.
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