Artery away from heart (red); almost always oxygenated; thick wall vessel carry blood high
pressure
Vein toward the heart (blue); almost always deoxygenated; thin wall vessel, carry blood low
pressure
Portal system (specialized system of veins)
- hepatic portal vein very specialized system of the veins
Sequence of vessels: (blood coming from) Capillaries > Venules > Veins > Heart
Portal System: Capillaries > Venules > Veins > Venules > Capillaries
Portal System: Capillary bed - Portal System - Capillary bed meaning picking up material and
depositing material at diff capilaries.
Intestinal tract has capillary beds being processed.
Hepatic portal system begins with a capillary bed in the intestinal tracts and ends at a
secondary capillary bed in the liver.
- Picking up material from digestive organs- and transport into liver for processing.
- Blood vessel contains veins and arteries that form 3 layers/tunics
Structure
Lumen: hole inside is hollow space blood travels
3 layers/tunic form blood vessel
close is: intermediate layer and outer layer
outermost layer: tunica externa/ tunica adventitia (CT)
middle layer: primarily smooth muscle, tunica media
inner layer: (most direct) tunica interna/tunica intima/endothelium: simple squamous epithelium
3 layers from artery
In artery tunica media is always the thickest layer, beefy, smooth muscle
In vein, tunica externa is the thickest layer, connective tissue
Blood Pressure
- When left ventricle contracts BP rises maximum, When left ventricle relaxes BP drops
minimum.
Blood pressure: pressure of the blood in the arteries of the systemic circuit
pressure in the arteries are constant rising to maximal level, when relaxed pressure drops to
minimum. Pressure rising and falling constantly with each left ventricle that pushes blood
through the systemic circuit. We have to measure relaxation and contraction.
Contraction of left ventricle was systole,relaxation of left ventricle: diastole.
● Higher maximal pressure : systole, systolic pressure contraction of LV
● Lower minimum pressure : diastole, diastolic pressure relaxation of LV
● Sphygmomanometer (sfig-moh-man-ah-meter)
● constrict of inflatable cuff, squeezing rubber ball, pressure
● classically, pressure measuring is rising and falling of mercury, columns of
mercury, meniscus is backwards, pressure is ALWAYS measured in millimeters in
mercury, mmHg.
● 120 over 80.
pressure
Vein toward the heart (blue); almost always deoxygenated; thin wall vessel, carry blood low
pressure
Portal system (specialized system of veins)
- hepatic portal vein very specialized system of the veins
Sequence of vessels: (blood coming from) Capillaries > Venules > Veins > Heart
Portal System: Capillaries > Venules > Veins > Venules > Capillaries
Portal System: Capillary bed - Portal System - Capillary bed meaning picking up material and
depositing material at diff capilaries.
Intestinal tract has capillary beds being processed.
Hepatic portal system begins with a capillary bed in the intestinal tracts and ends at a
secondary capillary bed in the liver.
- Picking up material from digestive organs- and transport into liver for processing.
- Blood vessel contains veins and arteries that form 3 layers/tunics
Structure
Lumen: hole inside is hollow space blood travels
3 layers/tunic form blood vessel
close is: intermediate layer and outer layer
outermost layer: tunica externa/ tunica adventitia (CT)
middle layer: primarily smooth muscle, tunica media
inner layer: (most direct) tunica interna/tunica intima/endothelium: simple squamous epithelium
3 layers from artery
In artery tunica media is always the thickest layer, beefy, smooth muscle
In vein, tunica externa is the thickest layer, connective tissue
Blood Pressure
- When left ventricle contracts BP rises maximum, When left ventricle relaxes BP drops
minimum.
Blood pressure: pressure of the blood in the arteries of the systemic circuit
pressure in the arteries are constant rising to maximal level, when relaxed pressure drops to
minimum. Pressure rising and falling constantly with each left ventricle that pushes blood
through the systemic circuit. We have to measure relaxation and contraction.
Contraction of left ventricle was systole,relaxation of left ventricle: diastole.
● Higher maximal pressure : systole, systolic pressure contraction of LV
● Lower minimum pressure : diastole, diastolic pressure relaxation of LV
● Sphygmomanometer (sfig-moh-man-ah-meter)
● constrict of inflatable cuff, squeezing rubber ball, pressure
● classically, pressure measuring is rising and falling of mercury, columns of
mercury, meniscus is backwards, pressure is ALWAYS measured in millimeters in
mercury, mmHg.
● 120 over 80.
