APEA Predictor Questions with
Accurate Answers
What is the biggest side effect of colchicine? - ANSWERSdiarrhea
How would you describe the appearance of molluscum contagiosum? -
ANSWERSpapules that are umbilicated and contain a caseous plug
How do we treat a broken clavicle in an infant? - ANSWERSno treatment; it should heal
on it's own
At what week of pregnancy is the uterus palpable just above the pubic symphysis? -
ANSWERSweek 12
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus palpable halfway between the pubic
symphysis and umbilicus? - ANSWERSweek 16
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus at the umbilicus? -
ANSWERSweek 20
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus halfway between the xiphoid
process and umbilicus? - ANSWERSweek 28
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus just below the xiphoid process? -
ANSWERSweek 34
Increased sweat production is a sign of what endocrine disorder? -
ANSWERShyperthyroidism
What is Paget's disease? - ANSWERSthere is localized increased bone turnover and
blood flow resulting in the breakdown of bone and replacing it with weakened and highly
vascular bone putting the indiv at increased risk of fractures
How do we treat Paget's diseease? - ANSWERSbisphosphonates
How should pregnant women wear their seatbelt? - ANSWERSwith the shoulder strap
like a normal person and then the groin strap below the belly and across the hips
What is another name for fifth disease? - ANSWERSparvovirus aka slapped cheek
disease aka erythema infectiosum
Which type of prevention are vaccinations? - ANSWERSprimary
,When should patients begin antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection? - ANSWERSas
soon as it is detected, even if in the acute phase
What are the first generation antihistamines? - ANSWERSdiphenhydramine (benadryl)
and chlorpeniramine (actifed)
What are s/s of the secondary stage of syphilis? - ANSWERSrash on hands and feet,
lymphadenopathy, fever
What is the recommended treatment for chronic bacterial prostatitis? - ANSWERSa
fluoroquinolone (cipro or levo) + bactrim
What is the recommended treatment for acute prostatitis? - ANSWERScipro (if not STI
related) or ceftriaxone
What are s/s of an intraductal breast papilloma? - ANSWERSclear to bloody unilateral
nipple discharge (bilateral is usually benign), and also a wart like lump palpated in the
nipple area
If a patient has GABHS but has an allergy to penicillins, what is the second line option?
- ANSWERSfirst generation cephalosporins, unless the allergy is severe, then you
would consider macrolides like a -mycin
PDE5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil) are contraindicated in which patient populations? -
ANSWERSin those who are on any type of nitrate or triptan because it could result in
hypotension
What class of drug is sildenafil (viagra)? - ANSWERSa PDE5 inhibitor which can cause
hypotension so you should do a full cardiac assessment before starting a patient on this
and maybe do an EKG
What are the symptoms of peripheral artery disease? - ANSWERSthink P meaning
pain, A meaning absent or weak pulses, eschar or shiny legs, intermittent claudication
What is first line treatment for PAD? - ANSWERSwalking and physical activity to
improve circulation. second line is an aspirin or anti-platelet
What should we tell our patients with PAD NOT to do? - ANSWERSdo not elevate the
feet; keep them down
How do we diagnose PAD? - ANSWERSan ABI < 7; doppler can also be used to
diagnose as well but is the second choice
What are s/s of peripheral vascular disease? - ANSWERSthink V meaning volume
overload aka edema, may ache or be uncomfortable but is not painful, bounding pulses,
ruddy discoloration
,If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on an antibiotic for an infection
and Bactrim is the drug of choice, what should you do? - ANSWERSBactrim increases
INR so we would want to decrease the coumadin dose while the patient is on this
If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on Rifampin, what should you
do? - ANSWERSRifampin decreases INR so we'd want to increase the coumadin dose
If a patient on coumadin's INR is 3.1-4 ,what should you do? - ANSWERSdecrease the
weekly dose by 5-10%
If a patient on coumadin's INR is 4.1-5.0, what should you do? - ANSWERShold one
dose then decrease the weekly dose by 10%
If a patient's INR is greater than 5, what should you do? - ANSWERSconsult cards,
likely would hold two doses then decrease the weekly dose
An anorexic patient will have a BMI of what? - ANSWERSless than 18
What is primary amenorrhea? - ANSWERSwhen the patient has never gotten their
period before (there is an absence of menarche) but they have all of their secondary
sex characteristics
Secondary amenorrhea is a lack of menses after _________ of not having a period; but
you have had one before - ANSWERS3 months
What do we need to do first when a patient comes in with secondary amenorrhea? -
ANSWERSrule out pregnancy
Anorexia can put you at risk for what? - ANSWERSosteoporosis, amenorrhea, cardiac
damage
Amenorrhea is considered a risk factor for what? - ANSWERSosteoporosis
What is the best indication of an anorexic patient doing better? They tell you they are
eating more, they have weight gain, or they get their period back? - ANSWERSthey get
their period back
If a pregnant woman has syphilis, what should we do? - ANSWERStreat it with penicillin
while she is pregnant because there is risk for spontaneous abortion
What is the causative organism of mastitis? - ANSWERSstaph
What is the first line treatment for mastitis? - ANSWERSkeflex (a cephalosporin). If that
doesn't work, then try another antibiotic. If that STILL doesn't work, then refer for an
ultrasound
, What is one of the biggest risk factors for cervical cancer? - ANSWERSnumerous
sexual partners
Preeclampsia most commonly shows up at what time in pregnancy? -
ANSWERSaround week 20
How do we treat UTIs in a pregnant woman? - ANSWERScan either do penicillin,
cephalosporin, or a macrolide (can NOT do doxy or a fluoroquinolone)
When do fibrocystic breasts tend to flare up and cause tenderness and lumps? -
ANSWERSabout 10 days before menses
What can be a sequelae of an ectopic pregnancy? - ANSWERSpelvic inflammatory
disease and infertility due to scarring of the fallopian tube (salpingitis)
What is the Coomb's test and when is this completed? - ANSWERStest given 8 weeks
in to pregnancy to determine a woman's RH compatibility
If a patient's Coomb's test is positive, what do we do? - ANSWERSnothing, she is RH
positive so we do not need to treat
If a patient's Coomb's test is negative, what do we do? - ANSWERSgive rhogam at 28
weeks and 72 hours after birth
What is the only form of non-hormonal contraception other than barrier methods such
as condoms? - ANSWERSIUD
The vaginal ring for contraception must be taken out how often? - ANSWERSevery 3
weeks
If a patient is on birth control and is currently having breakthrough bleeding, then what
do we do? - ANSWERSincrease the progesterone
How do we treat temporal arteritis? - ANSWERSsteroids
If a patient is on birth control and they miss one pill, what should they do? -
ANSWERSdouble up
If a patient is on birth control and they miss two pills, what should they do? -
ANSWERSdouble up for 2 days
If any woman comes in with painless vaginal bleeding between periods (esp if she is
postmenopausal), what should you do? - ANSWERSdo a pregnancy test and then refer
for endometrial biopsy to rule out endometrial cancer
Accurate Answers
What is the biggest side effect of colchicine? - ANSWERSdiarrhea
How would you describe the appearance of molluscum contagiosum? -
ANSWERSpapules that are umbilicated and contain a caseous plug
How do we treat a broken clavicle in an infant? - ANSWERSno treatment; it should heal
on it's own
At what week of pregnancy is the uterus palpable just above the pubic symphysis? -
ANSWERSweek 12
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus palpable halfway between the pubic
symphysis and umbilicus? - ANSWERSweek 16
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus at the umbilicus? -
ANSWERSweek 20
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus halfway between the xiphoid
process and umbilicus? - ANSWERSweek 28
At what week of pregnancy is the fundus just below the xiphoid process? -
ANSWERSweek 34
Increased sweat production is a sign of what endocrine disorder? -
ANSWERShyperthyroidism
What is Paget's disease? - ANSWERSthere is localized increased bone turnover and
blood flow resulting in the breakdown of bone and replacing it with weakened and highly
vascular bone putting the indiv at increased risk of fractures
How do we treat Paget's diseease? - ANSWERSbisphosphonates
How should pregnant women wear their seatbelt? - ANSWERSwith the shoulder strap
like a normal person and then the groin strap below the belly and across the hips
What is another name for fifth disease? - ANSWERSparvovirus aka slapped cheek
disease aka erythema infectiosum
Which type of prevention are vaccinations? - ANSWERSprimary
,When should patients begin antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection? - ANSWERSas
soon as it is detected, even if in the acute phase
What are the first generation antihistamines? - ANSWERSdiphenhydramine (benadryl)
and chlorpeniramine (actifed)
What are s/s of the secondary stage of syphilis? - ANSWERSrash on hands and feet,
lymphadenopathy, fever
What is the recommended treatment for chronic bacterial prostatitis? - ANSWERSa
fluoroquinolone (cipro or levo) + bactrim
What is the recommended treatment for acute prostatitis? - ANSWERScipro (if not STI
related) or ceftriaxone
What are s/s of an intraductal breast papilloma? - ANSWERSclear to bloody unilateral
nipple discharge (bilateral is usually benign), and also a wart like lump palpated in the
nipple area
If a patient has GABHS but has an allergy to penicillins, what is the second line option?
- ANSWERSfirst generation cephalosporins, unless the allergy is severe, then you
would consider macrolides like a -mycin
PDE5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil) are contraindicated in which patient populations? -
ANSWERSin those who are on any type of nitrate or triptan because it could result in
hypotension
What class of drug is sildenafil (viagra)? - ANSWERSa PDE5 inhibitor which can cause
hypotension so you should do a full cardiac assessment before starting a patient on this
and maybe do an EKG
What are the symptoms of peripheral artery disease? - ANSWERSthink P meaning
pain, A meaning absent or weak pulses, eschar or shiny legs, intermittent claudication
What is first line treatment for PAD? - ANSWERSwalking and physical activity to
improve circulation. second line is an aspirin or anti-platelet
What should we tell our patients with PAD NOT to do? - ANSWERSdo not elevate the
feet; keep them down
How do we diagnose PAD? - ANSWERSan ABI < 7; doppler can also be used to
diagnose as well but is the second choice
What are s/s of peripheral vascular disease? - ANSWERSthink V meaning volume
overload aka edema, may ache or be uncomfortable but is not painful, bounding pulses,
ruddy discoloration
,If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on an antibiotic for an infection
and Bactrim is the drug of choice, what should you do? - ANSWERSBactrim increases
INR so we would want to decrease the coumadin dose while the patient is on this
If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on Rifampin, what should you
do? - ANSWERSRifampin decreases INR so we'd want to increase the coumadin dose
If a patient on coumadin's INR is 3.1-4 ,what should you do? - ANSWERSdecrease the
weekly dose by 5-10%
If a patient on coumadin's INR is 4.1-5.0, what should you do? - ANSWERShold one
dose then decrease the weekly dose by 10%
If a patient's INR is greater than 5, what should you do? - ANSWERSconsult cards,
likely would hold two doses then decrease the weekly dose
An anorexic patient will have a BMI of what? - ANSWERSless than 18
What is primary amenorrhea? - ANSWERSwhen the patient has never gotten their
period before (there is an absence of menarche) but they have all of their secondary
sex characteristics
Secondary amenorrhea is a lack of menses after _________ of not having a period; but
you have had one before - ANSWERS3 months
What do we need to do first when a patient comes in with secondary amenorrhea? -
ANSWERSrule out pregnancy
Anorexia can put you at risk for what? - ANSWERSosteoporosis, amenorrhea, cardiac
damage
Amenorrhea is considered a risk factor for what? - ANSWERSosteoporosis
What is the best indication of an anorexic patient doing better? They tell you they are
eating more, they have weight gain, or they get their period back? - ANSWERSthey get
their period back
If a pregnant woman has syphilis, what should we do? - ANSWERStreat it with penicillin
while she is pregnant because there is risk for spontaneous abortion
What is the causative organism of mastitis? - ANSWERSstaph
What is the first line treatment for mastitis? - ANSWERSkeflex (a cephalosporin). If that
doesn't work, then try another antibiotic. If that STILL doesn't work, then refer for an
ultrasound
, What is one of the biggest risk factors for cervical cancer? - ANSWERSnumerous
sexual partners
Preeclampsia most commonly shows up at what time in pregnancy? -
ANSWERSaround week 20
How do we treat UTIs in a pregnant woman? - ANSWERScan either do penicillin,
cephalosporin, or a macrolide (can NOT do doxy or a fluoroquinolone)
When do fibrocystic breasts tend to flare up and cause tenderness and lumps? -
ANSWERSabout 10 days before menses
What can be a sequelae of an ectopic pregnancy? - ANSWERSpelvic inflammatory
disease and infertility due to scarring of the fallopian tube (salpingitis)
What is the Coomb's test and when is this completed? - ANSWERStest given 8 weeks
in to pregnancy to determine a woman's RH compatibility
If a patient's Coomb's test is positive, what do we do? - ANSWERSnothing, she is RH
positive so we do not need to treat
If a patient's Coomb's test is negative, what do we do? - ANSWERSgive rhogam at 28
weeks and 72 hours after birth
What is the only form of non-hormonal contraception other than barrier methods such
as condoms? - ANSWERSIUD
The vaginal ring for contraception must be taken out how often? - ANSWERSevery 3
weeks
If a patient is on birth control and is currently having breakthrough bleeding, then what
do we do? - ANSWERSincrease the progesterone
How do we treat temporal arteritis? - ANSWERSsteroids
If a patient is on birth control and they miss one pill, what should they do? -
ANSWERSdouble up
If a patient is on birth control and they miss two pills, what should they do? -
ANSWERSdouble up for 2 days
If any woman comes in with painless vaginal bleeding between periods (esp if she is
postmenopausal), what should you do? - ANSWERSdo a pregnancy test and then refer
for endometrial biopsy to rule out endometrial cancer
