NURS 5432 Geriatric Patient and GI Disorders in Primary Care
A tool that can be used to thoroughly assess mental status.
What is the mini mental
evaluation?
It test five areas of cognitive function: orientation,
What areas does the mini registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language.
mental exam assess?
A rapid screening assessment used for mild cognitive
What is the Montreal
dysfunction.
cognition?
Attention and concentration, executive functions, memory,
What does the Montreal language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking,
cognition test for? calculations, and orientation.
A sudden onset of clouded sensorium that can occur at any
What is Delirium? age associated with a physical stressor.
Toxins, alcohol/drug abuse, trauma, Impactions in the
What are the causes for elderly, poor nutrition, electrolyte imbalances, anesthesia and
Delirium? septicemia.
What is the management of Treat the underlying cause
Delirium?
What is Dementia? A chronic progressive cognitive impairment
Atherosclerosis, neurotransmitter deficits, cortical atrophy,
ventricular dilation, loss of brain cells, possible viral causes,
What are the causes of Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia
Dementia?
2025/11/10
, NURS 5432 Geriatric Patient and GI Disorders in Primary Care
Best in mild to moderate disease; may be effective in Lewy
body dementia.
Donepezil (Aricept): Start at 5 mg/day PO; may increase to
10 mg/day after 1 month, may increase to 23 mg/day after 3
months if needed. Orally disintegrating tablets; generic
available. Caution with digoxin or β-blockers (Donepezil
may prolong PR interval.)
Rivastigmine (Exelon): Start at 1.5 mg PO BID and increase
by 1.5 mg BID every 2 weeks; maintenance 6 to 12 mg/day
total Capsule, solution, or patch (reduced side effects)
Galantamine (Razadyne): Start at 4 mg BID for 4 weeks and
then increase by 4 mg BID every month with goal of 16 to 24
mg/day dose.
Tablets, solution, extended-release (ER) capsule, and
transdermal formulations
Vitamin E—2,000 IU/day supplementation was found to
slow decline in one study.
What are the first line Memantine, a N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor
treatment drugs used to treat antagonist for moderate to severe AD
Alzheimer's? Monotherapy or in combination with acetylcholinesterase
inhibitors, Memantine immediate release: 5 mg/day; titrate
up to 10 mg BID, adding 5 mg/day every week PRN.
Memantine extended release: 7 mg/day up to 28 mg/day,
adding 7 mg/day every week PRN
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (ChEIs)
What type of inhibitors are
used to treat Alzheimer's
2025/11/10
A tool that can be used to thoroughly assess mental status.
What is the mini mental
evaluation?
It test five areas of cognitive function: orientation,
What areas does the mini registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language.
mental exam assess?
A rapid screening assessment used for mild cognitive
What is the Montreal
dysfunction.
cognition?
Attention and concentration, executive functions, memory,
What does the Montreal language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking,
cognition test for? calculations, and orientation.
A sudden onset of clouded sensorium that can occur at any
What is Delirium? age associated with a physical stressor.
Toxins, alcohol/drug abuse, trauma, Impactions in the
What are the causes for elderly, poor nutrition, electrolyte imbalances, anesthesia and
Delirium? septicemia.
What is the management of Treat the underlying cause
Delirium?
What is Dementia? A chronic progressive cognitive impairment
Atherosclerosis, neurotransmitter deficits, cortical atrophy,
ventricular dilation, loss of brain cells, possible viral causes,
What are the causes of Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia
Dementia?
2025/11/10
, NURS 5432 Geriatric Patient and GI Disorders in Primary Care
Best in mild to moderate disease; may be effective in Lewy
body dementia.
Donepezil (Aricept): Start at 5 mg/day PO; may increase to
10 mg/day after 1 month, may increase to 23 mg/day after 3
months if needed. Orally disintegrating tablets; generic
available. Caution with digoxin or β-blockers (Donepezil
may prolong PR interval.)
Rivastigmine (Exelon): Start at 1.5 mg PO BID and increase
by 1.5 mg BID every 2 weeks; maintenance 6 to 12 mg/day
total Capsule, solution, or patch (reduced side effects)
Galantamine (Razadyne): Start at 4 mg BID for 4 weeks and
then increase by 4 mg BID every month with goal of 16 to 24
mg/day dose.
Tablets, solution, extended-release (ER) capsule, and
transdermal formulations
Vitamin E—2,000 IU/day supplementation was found to
slow decline in one study.
What are the first line Memantine, a N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor
treatment drugs used to treat antagonist for moderate to severe AD
Alzheimer's? Monotherapy or in combination with acetylcholinesterase
inhibitors, Memantine immediate release: 5 mg/day; titrate
up to 10 mg BID, adding 5 mg/day every week PRN.
Memantine extended release: 7 mg/day up to 28 mg/day,
adding 7 mg/day every week PRN
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (ChEIs)
What type of inhibitors are
used to treat Alzheimer's
2025/11/10
