History of European Architecture and
Urbanism
Summary
19-1-2020
1
,Table of Contents
Lecture 1B - Middle Ages......................................................................................................................... 3
Lecture 2a - Early (French) gothic............................................................................................................ 4
Lecture 2b -Late (French) gothic ............................................................................................................. 4
Lecture 3a – Early Renaissance ............................................................................................................... 5
Lecture 3b – Early Renaissance ............................................................................................................... 6
Lecture 4a – High Renaissance ................................................................................................................ 7
Lecture 4b – High Renaissance and Mannerism ..................................................................................... 7
Lecture 5a – Baroque (Italian) ................................................................................................................. 8
Lecture 5b – Baroque (Italian) ................................................................................................................. 9
Lecture 6a – Baroque beyond Rome and the Dutch Golden Age ......................................................... 10
Lecture 6b – Baroque beyond Rome and the Dutch Golden Age ......................................................... 11
Lecture 7a – Enlightment ...................................................................................................................... 12
Lecture 7b – Enlightment ...................................................................................................................... 12
Lecture 8a – Architecture Parlante and Romanticism .......................................................................... 14
Lecture 8b – Architecture Parlante and Romanticism .......................................................................... 14
Lecture 9a – Industrial era..................................................................................................................... 16
Lecture 9b – Industrial era .................................................................................................................... 16
Lecture 10a – Belle opoque ................................................................................................................... 18
Lecture 10b – Belle opoque................................................................................................................... 19
Lecture 11a – European Avant-Gardes ................................................................................................. 20
Lecture 12a – Interwar-Modern Pioneers ............................................................................................. 22
Lecture 12b – Modern Pioneers ............................................................................................................ 23
Lecture 13a – Critical Expansions .......................................................................................................... 24
Lecture 13b – Critical Expansions .......................................................................................................... 25
Lecture 14a – Post modernism.............................................................................................................. 26
Lecture 14b – Post modernism ............................................................................................................. 27
Lecture 15a Beyond postmodernism .................................................................................................... 28
Lecture 15b Beyond postmodernism .................................................................................................... 29
Lecture 16a Super modernism/Contemporary moment ...................................................................... 31
Preparation final exam - terms.............................................................................................................. 33
Timeline: ................................................................................................................................................ 39
2
,Discussion of buildings midterm
Lecture 1B - Middle Ages
Medieval
Charlemagne’s palace complex
Odo of Metz (Aachen, Germany, 792-805)
Centralized baptisteries, inspired by Rome. Grid system. Inspired by other projects but lack of
construction. Reversed engineering. Duplicate what they found.
The Charlemagne’s Palatine Chapel is part of this complex.
Almost the same as basilica of s. vitale. Ravenna Italy (538-548) Most elements are copied. But
some of the elements have developed. Not only in the plans of the buildings but also in the interieur.
Charlemagne’s Palatine Chapel, Ode of Metz, Aachen Germany 792-805
Interior spaces complimented by mosaic. Replicated in Aachen.
Same organization Same coherence in design Same material use.
But allyboration in Aachen but they didn’t have the same capabilities. On the outside they don’t
reveal the beauty from the inside.
Kloster Lorsch Gatehouse, Lorsch, Germany 767-774
Different from other because of the steep roof.
Arch of Constatine Rome Italy 312-315
Celebrate the victory of an army over another army
Saint Gall Stiftsbibliotheek Sankt Gallen Switzerland 817
Plan of Saint Gal, Unknown, Unbuilt c.817
Medieval walled city Krakow Poland 1493
Brugge Belgium c1600
The sambles York Englend c1100
Aachen Germany c1547
Romantique
Abbey of saint martin du canigou France 1001-10026
Thick walls, small openings, semi circular arches,
Church of san miniato al monte Florence Italy 1062-1090
Sant-etienne cathedral bourges France 1195-1260
Church of the monatrary cluny 4th Cluny France 1088
3
, Lecture 2a - Early (French) gothic
Saint sernin basilica Toulouse France 1080-11180
Trying to make the wall less prominent
Royal Abbey of Saint-Denis, Pierre de Montreuil, Saint-Denis France 1135-1264
Pointed arches, missing tower on left side (not symmetrical)
Notre-Dam Cathedral, Chartres France 1194-1230,
Revival of romanisque, step back: more massive
Notre-Dam Cathedral, Reims France 1211-1260
Enormous roset. Logical place. A lot of light. Strong vertical elements. Opposite from amiens
cathedral
Saint-Etienne Cathedral, Bourges France 1195-1260
Highes arcades but smaller structure, better use of forces
Saint-etienne cathedral guillaume de Sens Sensm France 1135-1164
Notre-dame Cathedral noyon France 1150-1205
Thin columns will be important element of cathedral. Optical illusions
Notre-dame Cathedral, Laon France 1160-1225
Combination of early gothic experience. Purest example of early gothic
Lecture 2b -Late (French) gothic
Notre-dame cathedral, Jean de Chelles and Pierre de Montreuil, Paris France 1163-1250
Light and thin walls
Notre dam cathedral Renaud de cornet, Thomas de cornmont and Robert de lazurches, Amiens
France 1120-1269
Strong horizontal element within panels also enhanced horizontal elements. Lost roset window
because of the lots of details on the façade
La sainte-Chappele Paris France 1243-1248
Opposite
4
Urbanism
Summary
19-1-2020
1
,Table of Contents
Lecture 1B - Middle Ages......................................................................................................................... 3
Lecture 2a - Early (French) gothic............................................................................................................ 4
Lecture 2b -Late (French) gothic ............................................................................................................. 4
Lecture 3a – Early Renaissance ............................................................................................................... 5
Lecture 3b – Early Renaissance ............................................................................................................... 6
Lecture 4a – High Renaissance ................................................................................................................ 7
Lecture 4b – High Renaissance and Mannerism ..................................................................................... 7
Lecture 5a – Baroque (Italian) ................................................................................................................. 8
Lecture 5b – Baroque (Italian) ................................................................................................................. 9
Lecture 6a – Baroque beyond Rome and the Dutch Golden Age ......................................................... 10
Lecture 6b – Baroque beyond Rome and the Dutch Golden Age ......................................................... 11
Lecture 7a – Enlightment ...................................................................................................................... 12
Lecture 7b – Enlightment ...................................................................................................................... 12
Lecture 8a – Architecture Parlante and Romanticism .......................................................................... 14
Lecture 8b – Architecture Parlante and Romanticism .......................................................................... 14
Lecture 9a – Industrial era..................................................................................................................... 16
Lecture 9b – Industrial era .................................................................................................................... 16
Lecture 10a – Belle opoque ................................................................................................................... 18
Lecture 10b – Belle opoque................................................................................................................... 19
Lecture 11a – European Avant-Gardes ................................................................................................. 20
Lecture 12a – Interwar-Modern Pioneers ............................................................................................. 22
Lecture 12b – Modern Pioneers ............................................................................................................ 23
Lecture 13a – Critical Expansions .......................................................................................................... 24
Lecture 13b – Critical Expansions .......................................................................................................... 25
Lecture 14a – Post modernism.............................................................................................................. 26
Lecture 14b – Post modernism ............................................................................................................. 27
Lecture 15a Beyond postmodernism .................................................................................................... 28
Lecture 15b Beyond postmodernism .................................................................................................... 29
Lecture 16a Super modernism/Contemporary moment ...................................................................... 31
Preparation final exam - terms.............................................................................................................. 33
Timeline: ................................................................................................................................................ 39
2
,Discussion of buildings midterm
Lecture 1B - Middle Ages
Medieval
Charlemagne’s palace complex
Odo of Metz (Aachen, Germany, 792-805)
Centralized baptisteries, inspired by Rome. Grid system. Inspired by other projects but lack of
construction. Reversed engineering. Duplicate what they found.
The Charlemagne’s Palatine Chapel is part of this complex.
Almost the same as basilica of s. vitale. Ravenna Italy (538-548) Most elements are copied. But
some of the elements have developed. Not only in the plans of the buildings but also in the interieur.
Charlemagne’s Palatine Chapel, Ode of Metz, Aachen Germany 792-805
Interior spaces complimented by mosaic. Replicated in Aachen.
Same organization Same coherence in design Same material use.
But allyboration in Aachen but they didn’t have the same capabilities. On the outside they don’t
reveal the beauty from the inside.
Kloster Lorsch Gatehouse, Lorsch, Germany 767-774
Different from other because of the steep roof.
Arch of Constatine Rome Italy 312-315
Celebrate the victory of an army over another army
Saint Gall Stiftsbibliotheek Sankt Gallen Switzerland 817
Plan of Saint Gal, Unknown, Unbuilt c.817
Medieval walled city Krakow Poland 1493
Brugge Belgium c1600
The sambles York Englend c1100
Aachen Germany c1547
Romantique
Abbey of saint martin du canigou France 1001-10026
Thick walls, small openings, semi circular arches,
Church of san miniato al monte Florence Italy 1062-1090
Sant-etienne cathedral bourges France 1195-1260
Church of the monatrary cluny 4th Cluny France 1088
3
, Lecture 2a - Early (French) gothic
Saint sernin basilica Toulouse France 1080-11180
Trying to make the wall less prominent
Royal Abbey of Saint-Denis, Pierre de Montreuil, Saint-Denis France 1135-1264
Pointed arches, missing tower on left side (not symmetrical)
Notre-Dam Cathedral, Chartres France 1194-1230,
Revival of romanisque, step back: more massive
Notre-Dam Cathedral, Reims France 1211-1260
Enormous roset. Logical place. A lot of light. Strong vertical elements. Opposite from amiens
cathedral
Saint-Etienne Cathedral, Bourges France 1195-1260
Highes arcades but smaller structure, better use of forces
Saint-etienne cathedral guillaume de Sens Sensm France 1135-1164
Notre-dame Cathedral noyon France 1150-1205
Thin columns will be important element of cathedral. Optical illusions
Notre-dame Cathedral, Laon France 1160-1225
Combination of early gothic experience. Purest example of early gothic
Lecture 2b -Late (French) gothic
Notre-dame cathedral, Jean de Chelles and Pierre de Montreuil, Paris France 1163-1250
Light and thin walls
Notre dam cathedral Renaud de cornet, Thomas de cornmont and Robert de lazurches, Amiens
France 1120-1269
Strong horizontal element within panels also enhanced horizontal elements. Lost roset window
because of the lots of details on the façade
La sainte-Chappele Paris France 1243-1248
Opposite
4
