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form of natural selection in which the entire curve moves; occurs
directional selection when individuals at one end of a distribution curve have higher
fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the
curve
form of natural selection by which the center of the curve
stabilizing selection remains in its current
position; occurs when individuals near the center of a
distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals at either
end
form of natural selection in which a single curve splits into two;
disruptive selection occurs when
individuals at the upper and lower ends of a distribution curve
have higher fitness than individuals near the middle
genetic drift random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small
populations
founder effect change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a
small subgroup of a population
speciation formation of new species
reproductive isolation separation of species or populations so that they cannot
interbreed and produce fertile offspring
behavioral isolation form of reproductive isolation in which two populations have
differences in courtship rituals or other types of behavior that
prevent them from interbreeding
geographical isolation form of reproductive isolation in which two populations are
separated physically by geographic barriers such as rivers,
mountains, or stretches of water
temporal isolation form of reproductive isolation in which two populations
reproduce at different times
evolution change in a kind of organism over time; process by which
modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
species group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile
offspring
population group of individuals of the same species that live in the same
area
organism that can capture energy from sunlight or
autotroph
chemicals and use it to produce its own food from
inorganic compounds; also called a producer
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, 11/9/25, 7:58 PM Campbell Biology Final Exam (2025-2026) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | With 100% Correct Answers graded A+
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organism that can capture energy from sunlight or
producer
chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic
compounds; also called an autotroph
process by which plants and some other organisms use
photosynthesis light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into
oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars
and starches
process by which some organisms, such as certain
chemosythesis
bacteria, use chemical energy to produce
carbohydrates
heterotroph organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also
called a consumer
organism that relies on other organisms for its energy
consumer
and food supply; also called a heterotroph
herbivore organism that obtains energy by eating only plants
carnivore organism that obtains energy by eating animals
detritivore organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead
matter
decomposer organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead
organic matter
series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms
food chain
transfer energy by eating and being eaten
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