Psych 100 Final Exam PSU- Skattebo questions with answers

Psych 100 Final Exam PSU- Skattebo |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




questions with answers |\ |\




Definition of Psychology - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The science of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


mental behavior, it crosses disciplines of bio, medicine,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


philosophy, and engineering |\ |\




Two common misconceptions of psychology - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔1. Many people think it is easy or common sense
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




2. Many people think every psychologist is a clinical psychologist
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Structuralism - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An early school of thought |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


promoted by Wundt and Titchener that used introspection to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


reveal the structure of the human mind. Belief that structure is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


more important than function
|\ |\ |\




Functionalism - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An early school of |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin, explores
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Natural Selection - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The principle that,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


succeeding generations |\

,Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The view that psychology
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


should...
1. be an objective science
|\ |\ |\ |\




2. study behavior without reference to mental processes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Most psychologists today agree with 1, but not 2.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Freudian Psychology - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Emphasized the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


way our unconscious thought processes and emotional responses
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


to childhood affect our behavior
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Five subfields of Psychology - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Biological & Neuroscience |\ |\




2. Cognitive
|\




3. Developmental
|\




4. Social
|\




5. Personality
|\




Biological & Neuroscience Subfield - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Explores the link between the brain and the mind
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Cognitive Subfield - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Explores how we
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


perceive, think, and solve problems |\ |\ |\ |\




Developmental Subfield - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Studies the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


changing abilities from womb to tomb (Largest portion of the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


whole- 25%) |\

,Social Subfield - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Explores how we view
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


and affect one another
|\ |\ |\




Personality Subfield - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Investigates traits
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


related to stable behaviors |\ |\ |\




Step One of The Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Identify the problem/phenomenon |\ |\




-applied research |\




Step Two of The Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Read/Develop a theory |\ |\




-What has the research community already found out about this
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


problem before? |\




-A theory is more general than a hypothesis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




A good scientific theory - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A set of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


predictions, subject to change as our ability/observations improve
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


with time.
|\ |\




Step Three of The Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Formulate a Hypothesis |\ |\




-Measure the independent and dependent variable
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




-What you predict the outcome to be based on the theory
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Operationalize - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Measure |\ |\ |\ |\

, Independent variable - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Influences change |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


in the dependent variable
|\ |\ |\ |\




Dependent variable - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Depends on the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


action of the Independent variable
|\ |\ |\ |\




Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔More specific than a theory,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


needs to include "why", makes a precise statement
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Step Four of The Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Test
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Hypothesis Empirically (by experience) |\ |\ |\




-Balance control and generalize stability
|\ |\ |\ |\




Control - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Eliminate or reduce confounds
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Confound - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A variable affecting the DV
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


other than the IV
|\ |\ |\




Generalizability - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The degree to which |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


study results are relevant to the population of interest- by using
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


real-world participants and conditions |\ |\ |\




Situational Effects - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Confounds such as
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


time, temperature, etc. that might affect the outcome. We can
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


control this by eliminating this confound, holding it constant, or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


random assignment. |\