PSYC 230 Final ACTUAL UPDATED
Questions and CORRECT Answers
cognitive neuroscience - CORRECT ANSWER - the study of psychological study of
cognition
neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - a cell that receives and transmits information in the
nervous system. made of dendrites, the cell body, and axons
synapse - CORRECT ANSWER - space between the axon of oneneuron and the cell body
or dendrite ofanother neuron
Neural circuit - CORRECT ANSWER - group of interconnected neurons.
neurotransmitters are a chemical signal.
Receptors - CORRECT ANSWER - specialized neurons thatrespond to environmental
stimuli
Action Potentials - CORRECT ANSWER - Electrical signals that transmit neural
information down a neuron's axon. happen extremely quickly. all action potentials are the same
strength. Cause the release of neurotransmitters.
Neurons relationship to cognition - CORRECT ANSWER - Stronger pressure of stimuli
increases the rate of firing of neurons, which can cause a stronger response.
Single cell recording - CORRECT ANSWER - recording theactivity (firing) of a single
neuron byinserting a microelectrode
Electroencephalogram (EEG) - CORRECT ANSWER - recordingthe brain's electrical
activity throughelectrodes on the scalp
,Event Related Potentials (ERP) - CORRECT ANSWER - EEG applied to specific
events/stimuli ofinterest
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - CORRECT ANSWER - brain-imaging method
using radio waves and magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain.
examines brain structure.
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) - CORRECT ANSWER - an imaging
technique used to examine changes in the activity of the working human brain by measuring
changes in the blood's oxygen levels. measures brain activity.
nueropsychology - CORRECT ANSWER - the study of the behavior of people with brain
damage
double dissassociation - CORRECT ANSWER - When damage to one part of the brain
causes function A to be absent while function B is still present, and damage to another area
causes function B to be absent while function A is still present.
spatial resolution - CORRECT ANSWER - how location sensitive is the method. (Full
brain down to a single neuron)
Temporal Resolution - CORRECT ANSWER - How time sensitive is the method
Specificity coding - CORRECT ANSWER - representation of aspecific stimulus by the
firing of neuronsthat respond only to that stimulus
Population coding - CORRECT ANSWER - representation of astimulus by the pattern of
firing of manyneurons
Sparse coding - CORRECT ANSWER - representation of astimulus by the pattern of
firing in smallgroups of neurons
, brocas area - CORRECT ANSWER - Broca's area: area in frontal lobe associated with
language production (bad speech but good comprehension)
wernickes area - CORRECT ANSWER - area in temporal lobe associated with language
comprehension ( bad comprehension, but intact speech)
primary cortices - CORRECT ANSWER -
fusiform face area - CORRECT ANSWER - located in the temporal lobe. face recognition.
perception - CORRECT ANSWER - experiences resulting from stimulation of the senses
Inverse projection problem - CORRECT ANSWER - an image on the retina can be caused
by an infinite number of objects
Viewpoint invariance - CORRECT ANSWER - ability to recognize objectsfrom different
viewpoints
Bottom-up processing - CORRECT ANSWER - processing that is driven byinformation
received by the receptor
Top-down processing - CORRECT ANSWER - processing that is driven by aperson's
knowledge or expectations
Speech segmentation - CORRECT ANSWER - the ability to tell when one word in
someone's speechends and the next one begins
Statistical learning - CORRECT ANSWER - learning about the probabilities that one
sound willfollow another and other characteristics of language
Questions and CORRECT Answers
cognitive neuroscience - CORRECT ANSWER - the study of psychological study of
cognition
neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - a cell that receives and transmits information in the
nervous system. made of dendrites, the cell body, and axons
synapse - CORRECT ANSWER - space between the axon of oneneuron and the cell body
or dendrite ofanother neuron
Neural circuit - CORRECT ANSWER - group of interconnected neurons.
neurotransmitters are a chemical signal.
Receptors - CORRECT ANSWER - specialized neurons thatrespond to environmental
stimuli
Action Potentials - CORRECT ANSWER - Electrical signals that transmit neural
information down a neuron's axon. happen extremely quickly. all action potentials are the same
strength. Cause the release of neurotransmitters.
Neurons relationship to cognition - CORRECT ANSWER - Stronger pressure of stimuli
increases the rate of firing of neurons, which can cause a stronger response.
Single cell recording - CORRECT ANSWER - recording theactivity (firing) of a single
neuron byinserting a microelectrode
Electroencephalogram (EEG) - CORRECT ANSWER - recordingthe brain's electrical
activity throughelectrodes on the scalp
,Event Related Potentials (ERP) - CORRECT ANSWER - EEG applied to specific
events/stimuli ofinterest
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - CORRECT ANSWER - brain-imaging method
using radio waves and magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain.
examines brain structure.
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) - CORRECT ANSWER - an imaging
technique used to examine changes in the activity of the working human brain by measuring
changes in the blood's oxygen levels. measures brain activity.
nueropsychology - CORRECT ANSWER - the study of the behavior of people with brain
damage
double dissassociation - CORRECT ANSWER - When damage to one part of the brain
causes function A to be absent while function B is still present, and damage to another area
causes function B to be absent while function A is still present.
spatial resolution - CORRECT ANSWER - how location sensitive is the method. (Full
brain down to a single neuron)
Temporal Resolution - CORRECT ANSWER - How time sensitive is the method
Specificity coding - CORRECT ANSWER - representation of aspecific stimulus by the
firing of neuronsthat respond only to that stimulus
Population coding - CORRECT ANSWER - representation of astimulus by the pattern of
firing of manyneurons
Sparse coding - CORRECT ANSWER - representation of astimulus by the pattern of
firing in smallgroups of neurons
, brocas area - CORRECT ANSWER - Broca's area: area in frontal lobe associated with
language production (bad speech but good comprehension)
wernickes area - CORRECT ANSWER - area in temporal lobe associated with language
comprehension ( bad comprehension, but intact speech)
primary cortices - CORRECT ANSWER -
fusiform face area - CORRECT ANSWER - located in the temporal lobe. face recognition.
perception - CORRECT ANSWER - experiences resulting from stimulation of the senses
Inverse projection problem - CORRECT ANSWER - an image on the retina can be caused
by an infinite number of objects
Viewpoint invariance - CORRECT ANSWER - ability to recognize objectsfrom different
viewpoints
Bottom-up processing - CORRECT ANSWER - processing that is driven byinformation
received by the receptor
Top-down processing - CORRECT ANSWER - processing that is driven by aperson's
knowledge or expectations
Speech segmentation - CORRECT ANSWER - the ability to tell when one word in
someone's speechends and the next one begins
Statistical learning - CORRECT ANSWER - learning about the probabilities that one
sound willfollow another and other characteristics of language
