PSYC230 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Visual perception - CORRECT ANSWER -This is the process of encoding, organizing,
and interpreting information that enters the cognitive system through the senses. The result is an
inner representation of a stimulus.
Phonemic restoration effect - CORRECT ANSWER -A context effect found in hearing.
People tend to fill in missing phonemic information with a sound to make a word consistent with
the meaning in the rest of the sentence.
Long term memory - CORRECT ANSWER -The part of memory that stores information
on a longer term basis than short-term memory. It is thought to have unlimited capacity (there is
no limit on how much it can hold) and unlimited duration (some information may be
permanently remembered).
Mental Imagery/Image - CORRECT ANSWER -The study of how we mentally represent
memories of scenes or pictures, and how we manipulate those images through rotation and
scanning. The question of how images are represented in the brain has been studied within
cognitive psychology.
Cognitive Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER -An area of psychology that studies human
intelligence and information processing, in such areas such as perception, representation,
memory, and problem solving.
Roger Newman Shepard - CORRECT ANSWER -A well-known American psychologist
who has contributed to research on visual and aural perception, and also to the understanding of
mental imagery. He is also the creator of the so-called Shepard Scale, an aural illusion that
consists of a musical scale that seems to ascend perpetually.
Transformational Equivalence principle - CORRECT ANSWER -The psychologist Ronald
Finke has proposed five principles of visual imagery. __________________________ claims
that the way we transform mental images (as during rotation experiments) corresponds to the
same laws of motion we use when we physically rotate an object in space.
, Anne Treisman - CORRECT ANSWER -A British psychologist who has worked in the
United States since the late 1970s in the United States. She is well known for her work on the
area of attention and perception, including feature integration theory.
Feature Integration Theory - CORRECT ANSWER -An attentional theory developed by
Anne Treisman which claims that we notice single aspects of stimuli (e.g., color, shape) pre-
attentively, and then notice the conjunction of features in a second stage (e.g., a green circle).
Illusory Correlation - CORRECT ANSWER -In visual searches, subjects may mistakenly
report that they saw a stimulus composed of two features (e.g., RED + triangle) when one of the
features had actually appeared in a nearby stimulus. For example, if they see a GREEN triangle
next to a RED circle, they may report having seen a RED triangle because the integration of
features in the second stage of attention is spatially-based.
Stephen Kosslyn - CORRECT ANSWER -An American psychologist best known for his
research on mental imagery , and as the main advocate that mental images are picture-like in
their representation.
Perception/Visual perception - CORRECT ANSWER -This is the process of encoding,
organizing, and interpreting information that enters the cognitive system through the senses. The
result is an inner representation of a stimulus.
Visual representation - CORRECT ANSWER -The way in which a mental image,
especially pictorial information, is stored in memory.
Stimulus - CORRECT ANSWER -Any object or change in the environment that affects
the external or internal state of an organism. A stimulus can be detected in any sense (e.g., an
object that one sees, an odor one smells, a needle that one feels in one's finger).
Linear relation/Linear function - CORRECT ANSWER -This states that for each increase
in a variable A, there's a corresponding similar increase in a variable B. A is said to affect B. A
linear function is shown in a graph as an oblique straight line.
and CORRECT Answers
Visual perception - CORRECT ANSWER -This is the process of encoding, organizing,
and interpreting information that enters the cognitive system through the senses. The result is an
inner representation of a stimulus.
Phonemic restoration effect - CORRECT ANSWER -A context effect found in hearing.
People tend to fill in missing phonemic information with a sound to make a word consistent with
the meaning in the rest of the sentence.
Long term memory - CORRECT ANSWER -The part of memory that stores information
on a longer term basis than short-term memory. It is thought to have unlimited capacity (there is
no limit on how much it can hold) and unlimited duration (some information may be
permanently remembered).
Mental Imagery/Image - CORRECT ANSWER -The study of how we mentally represent
memories of scenes or pictures, and how we manipulate those images through rotation and
scanning. The question of how images are represented in the brain has been studied within
cognitive psychology.
Cognitive Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER -An area of psychology that studies human
intelligence and information processing, in such areas such as perception, representation,
memory, and problem solving.
Roger Newman Shepard - CORRECT ANSWER -A well-known American psychologist
who has contributed to research on visual and aural perception, and also to the understanding of
mental imagery. He is also the creator of the so-called Shepard Scale, an aural illusion that
consists of a musical scale that seems to ascend perpetually.
Transformational Equivalence principle - CORRECT ANSWER -The psychologist Ronald
Finke has proposed five principles of visual imagery. __________________________ claims
that the way we transform mental images (as during rotation experiments) corresponds to the
same laws of motion we use when we physically rotate an object in space.
, Anne Treisman - CORRECT ANSWER -A British psychologist who has worked in the
United States since the late 1970s in the United States. She is well known for her work on the
area of attention and perception, including feature integration theory.
Feature Integration Theory - CORRECT ANSWER -An attentional theory developed by
Anne Treisman which claims that we notice single aspects of stimuli (e.g., color, shape) pre-
attentively, and then notice the conjunction of features in a second stage (e.g., a green circle).
Illusory Correlation - CORRECT ANSWER -In visual searches, subjects may mistakenly
report that they saw a stimulus composed of two features (e.g., RED + triangle) when one of the
features had actually appeared in a nearby stimulus. For example, if they see a GREEN triangle
next to a RED circle, they may report having seen a RED triangle because the integration of
features in the second stage of attention is spatially-based.
Stephen Kosslyn - CORRECT ANSWER -An American psychologist best known for his
research on mental imagery , and as the main advocate that mental images are picture-like in
their representation.
Perception/Visual perception - CORRECT ANSWER -This is the process of encoding,
organizing, and interpreting information that enters the cognitive system through the senses. The
result is an inner representation of a stimulus.
Visual representation - CORRECT ANSWER -The way in which a mental image,
especially pictorial information, is stored in memory.
Stimulus - CORRECT ANSWER -Any object or change in the environment that affects
the external or internal state of an organism. A stimulus can be detected in any sense (e.g., an
object that one sees, an odor one smells, a needle that one feels in one's finger).
Linear relation/Linear function - CORRECT ANSWER -This states that for each increase
in a variable A, there's a corresponding similar increase in a variable B. A is said to affect B. A
linear function is shown in a graph as an oblique straight line.
