Praxis 5624 Exam – Principles of Learning and Teaching (PLT 7–12) Study Guide & Practice
Review
Bandura - (ANSWER)Social Learning Theory/Observational Learning Theory-people can learn new
information and behaviors by watching other people.
Bruner - (ANSWER)Constructivist Theory- learning is an active process; learners construct new ideas or
concepts based on their current/past knowledge.
Dewey - (ANSWER)Learning by Doing- Learning occurs through experience.
Piaget - (ANSWER)Genetic Epistemology- Developmental Stages of Child Development:
0-2 years: "sensorimotor"- motor development
3-7 years: "preoperation"- intuitive
8-11 years: "concrete operational"- logical, but non-abstract
12-15 years: "formal operations"- abstract thinking
Vygotsky - (ANSWER)Social Development Theory & ZPD: Social interaction=critical for cognitive
development; Zone of Proximal Development: theoretical basis for scaffolding
Kohlberg - (ANSWER)Stages of Moral Development:
Pre-conventional- based on self-centered interests
Conventional- based on conformity to local expectations
Post-Conventional- based on higher principles
Bloom - (ANSWER)Taxonomy- a hierarchy model; way to classify thinking according to six cognitive
levels of complexity
Metacognition - (ANSWER)awareness and understanding of one's own thought process
, Praxis 5624 Exam – Principles of Learning and Teaching (PLT 7–12) Study Guide & Practice
Review
Schema - (ANSWER)A schema is both the category of knowledge as well as the process of acquiring that
knowledge. As experiences happen and new information is presented, new schemas are developed and
old schemas are changed or modified.
Transfer - (ANSWER)Information or skills related to one topic can sometimes either help or hinder the
acquisition of information or skills related to another topic.
Self-Efficacy - (ANSWER)The extent or strength of one's belief in one's own ability to complete tasks and
reach goals
Self-Regulation - (ANSWER)Ability to monitor and control our own behavior, emotions, or thoughts,
altering them in accordance with the demands of the situation.
Classical Conditioning - (ANSWER)Pavlov; altering another's behavior (dogs and bells)
Operant Conditioning - (ANSWER)Rewards and punishments to teach proper behavior
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - (ANSWER)Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - (ANSWER)Protect rights of students with disabilities
by ensuring everyone receives a free appropriate public education, regardless of ability.
Section 504, Rehabilitation Act - (ANSWER)Protect rights of those with disabilities in programs and
activities that receive federal financial assistance, including federal funds
Thorndike - (ANSWER)Connectionism (Behaviorism): Learners form associations or connections between
a stimulus and a response. Through trial and error, rewarded responses would be strengthened.
Review
Bandura - (ANSWER)Social Learning Theory/Observational Learning Theory-people can learn new
information and behaviors by watching other people.
Bruner - (ANSWER)Constructivist Theory- learning is an active process; learners construct new ideas or
concepts based on their current/past knowledge.
Dewey - (ANSWER)Learning by Doing- Learning occurs through experience.
Piaget - (ANSWER)Genetic Epistemology- Developmental Stages of Child Development:
0-2 years: "sensorimotor"- motor development
3-7 years: "preoperation"- intuitive
8-11 years: "concrete operational"- logical, but non-abstract
12-15 years: "formal operations"- abstract thinking
Vygotsky - (ANSWER)Social Development Theory & ZPD: Social interaction=critical for cognitive
development; Zone of Proximal Development: theoretical basis for scaffolding
Kohlberg - (ANSWER)Stages of Moral Development:
Pre-conventional- based on self-centered interests
Conventional- based on conformity to local expectations
Post-Conventional- based on higher principles
Bloom - (ANSWER)Taxonomy- a hierarchy model; way to classify thinking according to six cognitive
levels of complexity
Metacognition - (ANSWER)awareness and understanding of one's own thought process
, Praxis 5624 Exam – Principles of Learning and Teaching (PLT 7–12) Study Guide & Practice
Review
Schema - (ANSWER)A schema is both the category of knowledge as well as the process of acquiring that
knowledge. As experiences happen and new information is presented, new schemas are developed and
old schemas are changed or modified.
Transfer - (ANSWER)Information or skills related to one topic can sometimes either help or hinder the
acquisition of information or skills related to another topic.
Self-Efficacy - (ANSWER)The extent or strength of one's belief in one's own ability to complete tasks and
reach goals
Self-Regulation - (ANSWER)Ability to monitor and control our own behavior, emotions, or thoughts,
altering them in accordance with the demands of the situation.
Classical Conditioning - (ANSWER)Pavlov; altering another's behavior (dogs and bells)
Operant Conditioning - (ANSWER)Rewards and punishments to teach proper behavior
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - (ANSWER)Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - (ANSWER)Protect rights of students with disabilities
by ensuring everyone receives a free appropriate public education, regardless of ability.
Section 504, Rehabilitation Act - (ANSWER)Protect rights of those with disabilities in programs and
activities that receive federal financial assistance, including federal funds
Thorndike - (ANSWER)Connectionism (Behaviorism): Learners form associations or connections between
a stimulus and a response. Through trial and error, rewarded responses would be strengthened.
