NCLEX FINAL QUIZ LPN ATI WITH
ANSWERS
A nurse is caring for a client who develops deep, rapid respirations. Arterial blood
gas analysis includes these values: pH 7.25, PCO2 40, and HCO3- 18. The nurse
reports to the provider that the client is experiencing
respiratory alkalosis.
metabolic alkalosis.
respiratory acidosis.
metabolic acidosis. - ANSWER-metabolic acidosis.
When evaluating arterial blood gas reports, the nurse first checks the acid-base
balance. Since the pH (7.25) is acidic (expected range = 7.35 to 7.45) the client is
acidotic. Next the nurse determines the cause. If the cause is respiratory, the pH
and PCO2 values deviate in opposite directions. Since the PCO2 (40) is acceptable
(expected range = 35 to 45) despite the low pH, the cause must be metabolic.
Therefore, the nurse correctly reports to the provider that the client is experiencing
metabolic acidosis.
A primary care provider prescribes 10 units of insulin glargine (Lantus) and 4 units
of NPH insulin (Humulin N) to be given subcutaneously at 1700. The nurse should
plan to
draw up each insulin dose into a separate insulin syringe and then combine the
doses into one tuberculin syringe to inject simultaneously.
,draw the insulin glargine (Lantus) into an insulin syringe first, and then draw up
the NPH insulin into the same syringe.
draw the NPH insulin into an insulin syringe first, and then draw up the insulin
glargine (Lantus) into the same syringe.
draw the insulin glargine (Lantus) into one insulin syringe and the NPH insulin
into a different insulin syringe and inject separately. - ANSWER-draw the insulin
glargine (Lantus) into one insulin syringe and the NPH insulin into a different
insulin syringe and inject separately.
Insulin glargine (Lantus) cannot be mixed with any other insulin.
A clinic nurse is caring for an older adult client with an in-the-canal hearing aid.
The client states that the hearing aid is making a whistling sound. The nurse
explains that whistling in hearing aids is often caused by
low battery power.
excessive wax in the ear canal.
a volume setting that is too low.
a crack in the ear tube. - ANSWER-excessive wax in the ear canal.
Whistling from the hearing aid can be caused by a poor seal with the ear mold, an
ear infection, excessive wax in the ear canal, or a malfunction. Ear molds should be
cleaned regularly, turned off and removed at night, and protected from water and
direct heat.
A client with extensive deep partial and full thickness burns has been prescribed a
topical antimicrobial drug. The nurse understands that the goal of this therapy is to
reduce
bacterial growth.
,scarring.
skin graft size.
pain. - ANSWER-bacterial growth.
The use of topical antimicrobial drugs (particularly broad-spectrum antimicrobials)
is an important intervention to help prevent bacteria from entering the body when
the protective covering of skin is impaired, as with burns. A topical antimicrobial is
generally used on deep partial-thickness (2nd-degree) and full-thickness (3rd-
degree) burn wounds to provide a protective barrier, along with the dressing,
between bacteria and the exposed body tissues.
A high carbohydrate, low protein diet is prescribed for a client who has chronic
renal failure. The nurse explains to the client that the carbohydrates in this diet will
help
prevent ketosis.
promote diuresis.
maintain urine acidity.
reduce hepatic demands. - ANSWER-prevent ketosis.
Clients in chronic renal failure have diets restricted in protein, sodium, potassium,
magnesium, phosphorus, and saturated fats. Carbohydrates provide the client with
adequate calories to meet metabolic and energy needs while preventing the
development of ketosis. Carbohydrates also have a protein-sparing effect that
makes protein available for growth and tissue building.
A nurse is teaching a client who is a paraplegic to perform intermittent urinary self
catheterization at home after discharge. Which statement by the client demonstrates
to the nurse that the client understands the procedure?
, "I will not use the Valsalva maneuver while performing self-catheterization."
"I must use sterile technique to do each of the catheterizations."
"I should stop the catheterization when I have removed 150 mL of urine."
"I will perform intermittent self-catheterization every 4 to 6 hours." - ANSWER-"I
will perform intermittent self-catheterization every 4 to 6 hours."
The standard interval for intermittent catheterization is every 4 to 6 hr . Although
some adult clients may wait up to 8 hr, that greatly increases the risk for urinary
tract infection.
A nurse is caring for a child with celiac disease. Which of the following is
consistent with celiac disease?
Elevated sweat chloride
Foul-smelling stool
Clubbing of the fingernails
Jaundice - ANSWER-Foul-smelling stool
Foul, fatty stools (steatorrhea) are a manifestation of celiac disease, a
malabsorption syndrome.
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. When contributing
to a teaching plan, it is important for the nurse to encourage the client to
reduce her hours of sleep.
ANSWERS
A nurse is caring for a client who develops deep, rapid respirations. Arterial blood
gas analysis includes these values: pH 7.25, PCO2 40, and HCO3- 18. The nurse
reports to the provider that the client is experiencing
respiratory alkalosis.
metabolic alkalosis.
respiratory acidosis.
metabolic acidosis. - ANSWER-metabolic acidosis.
When evaluating arterial blood gas reports, the nurse first checks the acid-base
balance. Since the pH (7.25) is acidic (expected range = 7.35 to 7.45) the client is
acidotic. Next the nurse determines the cause. If the cause is respiratory, the pH
and PCO2 values deviate in opposite directions. Since the PCO2 (40) is acceptable
(expected range = 35 to 45) despite the low pH, the cause must be metabolic.
Therefore, the nurse correctly reports to the provider that the client is experiencing
metabolic acidosis.
A primary care provider prescribes 10 units of insulin glargine (Lantus) and 4 units
of NPH insulin (Humulin N) to be given subcutaneously at 1700. The nurse should
plan to
draw up each insulin dose into a separate insulin syringe and then combine the
doses into one tuberculin syringe to inject simultaneously.
,draw the insulin glargine (Lantus) into an insulin syringe first, and then draw up
the NPH insulin into the same syringe.
draw the NPH insulin into an insulin syringe first, and then draw up the insulin
glargine (Lantus) into the same syringe.
draw the insulin glargine (Lantus) into one insulin syringe and the NPH insulin
into a different insulin syringe and inject separately. - ANSWER-draw the insulin
glargine (Lantus) into one insulin syringe and the NPH insulin into a different
insulin syringe and inject separately.
Insulin glargine (Lantus) cannot be mixed with any other insulin.
A clinic nurse is caring for an older adult client with an in-the-canal hearing aid.
The client states that the hearing aid is making a whistling sound. The nurse
explains that whistling in hearing aids is often caused by
low battery power.
excessive wax in the ear canal.
a volume setting that is too low.
a crack in the ear tube. - ANSWER-excessive wax in the ear canal.
Whistling from the hearing aid can be caused by a poor seal with the ear mold, an
ear infection, excessive wax in the ear canal, or a malfunction. Ear molds should be
cleaned regularly, turned off and removed at night, and protected from water and
direct heat.
A client with extensive deep partial and full thickness burns has been prescribed a
topical antimicrobial drug. The nurse understands that the goal of this therapy is to
reduce
bacterial growth.
,scarring.
skin graft size.
pain. - ANSWER-bacterial growth.
The use of topical antimicrobial drugs (particularly broad-spectrum antimicrobials)
is an important intervention to help prevent bacteria from entering the body when
the protective covering of skin is impaired, as with burns. A topical antimicrobial is
generally used on deep partial-thickness (2nd-degree) and full-thickness (3rd-
degree) burn wounds to provide a protective barrier, along with the dressing,
between bacteria and the exposed body tissues.
A high carbohydrate, low protein diet is prescribed for a client who has chronic
renal failure. The nurse explains to the client that the carbohydrates in this diet will
help
prevent ketosis.
promote diuresis.
maintain urine acidity.
reduce hepatic demands. - ANSWER-prevent ketosis.
Clients in chronic renal failure have diets restricted in protein, sodium, potassium,
magnesium, phosphorus, and saturated fats. Carbohydrates provide the client with
adequate calories to meet metabolic and energy needs while preventing the
development of ketosis. Carbohydrates also have a protein-sparing effect that
makes protein available for growth and tissue building.
A nurse is teaching a client who is a paraplegic to perform intermittent urinary self
catheterization at home after discharge. Which statement by the client demonstrates
to the nurse that the client understands the procedure?
, "I will not use the Valsalva maneuver while performing self-catheterization."
"I must use sterile technique to do each of the catheterizations."
"I should stop the catheterization when I have removed 150 mL of urine."
"I will perform intermittent self-catheterization every 4 to 6 hours." - ANSWER-"I
will perform intermittent self-catheterization every 4 to 6 hours."
The standard interval for intermittent catheterization is every 4 to 6 hr . Although
some adult clients may wait up to 8 hr, that greatly increases the risk for urinary
tract infection.
A nurse is caring for a child with celiac disease. Which of the following is
consistent with celiac disease?
Elevated sweat chloride
Foul-smelling stool
Clubbing of the fingernails
Jaundice - ANSWER-Foul-smelling stool
Foul, fatty stools (steatorrhea) are a manifestation of celiac disease, a
malabsorption syndrome.
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. When contributing
to a teaching plan, it is important for the nurse to encourage the client to
reduce her hours of sleep.
