NUR 3111 Exam 1 – Questions With Reliable
Solutions
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Terms in this set (145)
60%
Approximately ___% of the
body weight of an adult is
Men --> 55-65%
water? Men? Women?
Women --> 45-55%
Water content in the body gender, body mass/type, and age
varies with what?
Infants typically have ___- Infants --> 70-80%
___% water in their body? Older adults --> 45-55%
Older adults?
These groups are at a greater risk of fluid imbalances
Why does this matter?
Why do men have higher Fat cells hold little water so men have more water
water content in their body content and women and obese patients have less water
than women? content.
What are the two major Intracellular --> fluid within the cells
body fluid compartments? Extracellular --> fluid outside the cells
Interstitial --> surrounding the
cells
Intravascular --> Within the blood
vessels (aka plasma - the liquid
What are the subtypes of part of blood)
Extracellular fluid? Transcellular --> Very small
amount of fluid found in
specialized cavities
(cerebrospinal fluid, synovial
fluid, GI tract, etc)
, - Provides lubrication of musculoskeletal joints
- Transport mechanism throughout body for nutrients,
hormones, proteins, electrolytes
What is the function of
- Medium for cellular metabolism (aids in food
water in the body?
breakdown)
- Regulation of body temp (think perspiration)
- Acts as a component in all body cavities
- Movement of water between
two compartments from area of
LOW CONCENTRATION OF
SOLUTE to area of HIGH
CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTE.
What is Osmosis?
* water goes to dilute the
concentration
PROCESS IS PASSIVE! REQUIRES
NO ENERGY!
The solutes (solids) create osmotic pressure.
How does osmosis work?
The pressure pulls water towards the solutes
Amount of hydrostatic pressure needed to stop the
flow of water by osmosis.
Osmotic Pressure?
The greater the concentration of solutes the greater the
PULLING force on water.
Colloidal Osmotice Pressure
Oncotic Pressure? AKA?
Form of osmotic pressure created by the pull of H2O
towards a higher protein (colloid) concentration
The increase in urine output caused by the excretion of
substances, such as glucose.
Osmotic Diuresis?
*This diuresis means to create more urine
The ability of all solutes to cause an osmotic driving
force that promotes water movement from one
Tonicity? compartment to another.
Ex. Protein draws water towards it just like salt does
, Number of milliosmoles (the standard unit of osmotic
pressure) per kilogram of solvent.
Osmolality?
We measure the urine and serum (blood) osmolality
The movement of solutes from HIGH to LOW
CONCENTRATION.
- Passive = requires no energy
Diffusion?
- Occurs in liquids, gasses, and solids
- Membrane separating the two must be permeable to
the molecules that are moving.
Diffusion of O2 and CO2
between pulmonary capillaries
and the alveoli
Example of diffusion?
You add sugar to iced tea, but
don't mix. Later you come back
and the sugar has
dissolved/permeated.
Maintaining intracellular and extracellular sodium and
Sodium-Potassium Pump potassium levels.
responsible for?
These levels are essential in the action potential of cells.
- Cardiac muscle contraction
Action Potential is
- Skeletal muscle contraction
responsible for?
- Nerve impulse transmission
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (145)
60%
Approximately ___% of the
body weight of an adult is
Men --> 55-65%
water? Men? Women?
Women --> 45-55%
Water content in the body gender, body mass/type, and age
varies with what?
Infants typically have ___- Infants --> 70-80%
___% water in their body? Older adults --> 45-55%
Older adults?
These groups are at a greater risk of fluid imbalances
Why does this matter?
Why do men have higher Fat cells hold little water so men have more water
water content in their body content and women and obese patients have less water
than women? content.
What are the two major Intracellular --> fluid within the cells
body fluid compartments? Extracellular --> fluid outside the cells
Interstitial --> surrounding the
cells
Intravascular --> Within the blood
vessels (aka plasma - the liquid
What are the subtypes of part of blood)
Extracellular fluid? Transcellular --> Very small
amount of fluid found in
specialized cavities
(cerebrospinal fluid, synovial
fluid, GI tract, etc)
, - Provides lubrication of musculoskeletal joints
- Transport mechanism throughout body for nutrients,
hormones, proteins, electrolytes
What is the function of
- Medium for cellular metabolism (aids in food
water in the body?
breakdown)
- Regulation of body temp (think perspiration)
- Acts as a component in all body cavities
- Movement of water between
two compartments from area of
LOW CONCENTRATION OF
SOLUTE to area of HIGH
CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTE.
What is Osmosis?
* water goes to dilute the
concentration
PROCESS IS PASSIVE! REQUIRES
NO ENERGY!
The solutes (solids) create osmotic pressure.
How does osmosis work?
The pressure pulls water towards the solutes
Amount of hydrostatic pressure needed to stop the
flow of water by osmosis.
Osmotic Pressure?
The greater the concentration of solutes the greater the
PULLING force on water.
Colloidal Osmotice Pressure
Oncotic Pressure? AKA?
Form of osmotic pressure created by the pull of H2O
towards a higher protein (colloid) concentration
The increase in urine output caused by the excretion of
substances, such as glucose.
Osmotic Diuresis?
*This diuresis means to create more urine
The ability of all solutes to cause an osmotic driving
force that promotes water movement from one
Tonicity? compartment to another.
Ex. Protein draws water towards it just like salt does
, Number of milliosmoles (the standard unit of osmotic
pressure) per kilogram of solvent.
Osmolality?
We measure the urine and serum (blood) osmolality
The movement of solutes from HIGH to LOW
CONCENTRATION.
- Passive = requires no energy
Diffusion?
- Occurs in liquids, gasses, and solids
- Membrane separating the two must be permeable to
the molecules that are moving.
Diffusion of O2 and CO2
between pulmonary capillaries
and the alveoli
Example of diffusion?
You add sugar to iced tea, but
don't mix. Later you come back
and the sugar has
dissolved/permeated.
Maintaining intracellular and extracellular sodium and
Sodium-Potassium Pump potassium levels.
responsible for?
These levels are essential in the action potential of cells.
- Cardiac muscle contraction
Action Potential is
- Skeletal muscle contraction
responsible for?
- Nerve impulse transmission
