MHR405 Final Exam Notes Questions
with Correct Answers
Communication - ANSWERSThe process by which information is exchanged between a
sender and a receiver.
Downward communication - ANSWERSCommunication that flows from higher to lower
levels in an organization.
Upward communication - ANSWERSCommunication that flows from lower to higher
levels in an organization.
Horizontal communication - ANSWERSCommunication that flows among managers and
workers who are at the same organizational level.
Effective communication - ANSWERSCommunication whereby the right people receive
the right information in a timely manner.
Chain of command - ANSWERSLines of authority and formal reporting relationships.
Deficiencies in the chain of command - ANSWERSIgnores informal communication,
filtering, slowness
Ignores informal communication - ANSWERSChain of command does not consider
informal communication between members. Informal interaction can increase
organizational effectiveness and informal networks can foster innovation.
Filtering - ANSWERSThe tendency for a message to be watered down or stopped
during transmission.
Slowness - ANSWERSMessages have to travel through formal channels, which can
slow down communication, especially horizontal communication between departments.
Voice - ANSWERSThe constructive expression of disagreement or concern about work
unit or organizational practices.
Silence - ANSWERSWithholding relevant information, opposite of voice.
Psychological safety - ANSWERSA shared belief that it is safe to take social risks.
Mum effect - ANSWERSThe tendency to avoid communicating unfavourable news to
others. More likely when the sender is responsible for the bad news.
, Grapevine - ANSWERSAn organization's informal communication network.
Characteristics of the grapevine - ANSWERSCuts across formal lines of communication
through word of mouth, social media or any CMC. It can · transmit information relevant
to the performance of the organization as well as personal gossip.
Pros of the grapevine - ANSWERSIt can keep employees informed about important
organizational matters and provide a test of employee reactions to proposed changes
without formal commitments.
Cons of the grapevine - ANSWERSCan become a pipeline of rumours.
Rumour - ANSWERSAn unverified belief that is in general circulation. Spread fastest
and furthest when information is especially ambiguous, content of the rumour is
important to those involved, and the rumour seems credible and the recipient is anxious.
Jargon - ANSWERSSpecialized language used by job holders or members of particular
occupations or organizations.
Pros of jargon - ANSWERSCan be an efficient means of communicating in an
organization and also provides you with a tough status if mastered.
Cons of jargon - ANSWERSCan be a barrier when communicating across departments
and new members of the organization may feel alienated if they are unfamiliar with the
organizational jargon.
Non-verbal communication - ANSWERSThe transmission of messages by some
medium other than speech or writing.
Props, artifacts, and costumes - ANSWERSNon-verbal communication through the use
of props, artifacts, and costumes. Office decor and clothing can portray certain
messages in an organization.
Props, artifacts, and costumes - ANSWERS
Body language - ANSWERSNon-verbal communication by means of a sender's bodily
motions, facial expressions, or physical location.
Gender differences in communication - ANSWERSGetting credit, confidence and
boasting, asking questions, apologies, feedback, compliments, ritual opposition,
managing up and down, indirectness.
Cross-cultural communication - ANSWERSIncludes languages differences, non-verbal
communication differences, etiquette and politeness, social conventions, and cultural
context.
with Correct Answers
Communication - ANSWERSThe process by which information is exchanged between a
sender and a receiver.
Downward communication - ANSWERSCommunication that flows from higher to lower
levels in an organization.
Upward communication - ANSWERSCommunication that flows from lower to higher
levels in an organization.
Horizontal communication - ANSWERSCommunication that flows among managers and
workers who are at the same organizational level.
Effective communication - ANSWERSCommunication whereby the right people receive
the right information in a timely manner.
Chain of command - ANSWERSLines of authority and formal reporting relationships.
Deficiencies in the chain of command - ANSWERSIgnores informal communication,
filtering, slowness
Ignores informal communication - ANSWERSChain of command does not consider
informal communication between members. Informal interaction can increase
organizational effectiveness and informal networks can foster innovation.
Filtering - ANSWERSThe tendency for a message to be watered down or stopped
during transmission.
Slowness - ANSWERSMessages have to travel through formal channels, which can
slow down communication, especially horizontal communication between departments.
Voice - ANSWERSThe constructive expression of disagreement or concern about work
unit or organizational practices.
Silence - ANSWERSWithholding relevant information, opposite of voice.
Psychological safety - ANSWERSA shared belief that it is safe to take social risks.
Mum effect - ANSWERSThe tendency to avoid communicating unfavourable news to
others. More likely when the sender is responsible for the bad news.
, Grapevine - ANSWERSAn organization's informal communication network.
Characteristics of the grapevine - ANSWERSCuts across formal lines of communication
through word of mouth, social media or any CMC. It can · transmit information relevant
to the performance of the organization as well as personal gossip.
Pros of the grapevine - ANSWERSIt can keep employees informed about important
organizational matters and provide a test of employee reactions to proposed changes
without formal commitments.
Cons of the grapevine - ANSWERSCan become a pipeline of rumours.
Rumour - ANSWERSAn unverified belief that is in general circulation. Spread fastest
and furthest when information is especially ambiguous, content of the rumour is
important to those involved, and the rumour seems credible and the recipient is anxious.
Jargon - ANSWERSSpecialized language used by job holders or members of particular
occupations or organizations.
Pros of jargon - ANSWERSCan be an efficient means of communicating in an
organization and also provides you with a tough status if mastered.
Cons of jargon - ANSWERSCan be a barrier when communicating across departments
and new members of the organization may feel alienated if they are unfamiliar with the
organizational jargon.
Non-verbal communication - ANSWERSThe transmission of messages by some
medium other than speech or writing.
Props, artifacts, and costumes - ANSWERSNon-verbal communication through the use
of props, artifacts, and costumes. Office decor and clothing can portray certain
messages in an organization.
Props, artifacts, and costumes - ANSWERS
Body language - ANSWERSNon-verbal communication by means of a sender's bodily
motions, facial expressions, or physical location.
Gender differences in communication - ANSWERSGetting credit, confidence and
boasting, asking questions, apologies, feedback, compliments, ritual opposition,
managing up and down, indirectness.
Cross-cultural communication - ANSWERSIncludes languages differences, non-verbal
communication differences, etiquette and politeness, social conventions, and cultural
context.
