NUR2115 EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
How to calculate cardiac output - ANS CO = SV x HR
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) - ANS MAP= SBP + 2(DBP) / 3
Normal= 70-105mmHg
Needs to be >65mmHg to perfuse ONLY the vital organs. THIS IS NOT NORMAL
Use A line to measure
Pulmonary Artery Catheter Pressures - ANS PA pressures- (distal port)
PAS= 15-30mmHg
PAD 8-15mmHg
SIRS - ANS systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
does not have to be associated with an infection.
SIRS criteria - ANS need 2 or more s/s
-temp >100.4, temp <96.8
-HR >90bpm
-RR >20 and /or PCO2 <32 (rapid breathing)
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,-WBC >12,000 or <4,000
WOTF is not criteria s/s for dx SIRS
1. RR > 20
2. HR <60
3. Temp >100.4
4. PaCO2 <32 - ANS 2. HR <60 ANSWER
DIC - ANS disseminated intravascular coagulation
DEATH IS COMING
NO PERFUSION
They will have an increased D Dimer
DIC clinical presentation - ANS Acute bleeding from multiple sites. Bleeding from
everywhere. Organ dysfunction, Thrombosis.
DIC nursing management - ANS 1. Occult blood testing of all fluids
2. avoid puncturing the pt.
3. Apply pressure 10-15 MIN for arterial puncture. 5MIN for venous puncture.
4. paper tape
5. No BP cuff. NEED AN A LINE
6. No rectal temp
7. gentle personal care
8. dec. pressure points
9. monitor pupils for changes- Could be cerebral bleed.
WOTF lab value is indicative of DIC
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, 1. dec PTT
2. inc Platelet
3. dec INR
4. inc FDP (fibrin degradation product) - ANS 4. inc FDP (fibrin degradation product) ANSWER
hypovolemic shock - ANS TANK PROBLEM
inadequate fluid volume in the space
cardiogenic shock - ANS PUMP PROBLEM
Coronary- problem with heart itself, cant move blood.
Non-Coronary- physical obstruction into or out of heart
circulatory (distributive) shock - ANS PIPE PROBLEM ---> EXTREME VASODILATION
septic shock- inflammatory response due to invasion of organism
anaphylactic- antigen-antibody response
shock initially - ANS Dont see anything at first. will just have a lactic acid buildup.
Compensatory stage - ANS blood shunted to most vital organs.
increased heart rate to maintain adequate BP & CO
RR increases to compensate for met. acidosis
compensatory stage s/s - ANS increased HR, adequate BP (>65), narrowing PP, increased RR,
cool pale skin, hypoactive bowel sounds, decreased urine output.
compensatory stage effects on kidney - ANS releases renin. releases aldosterone.
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
How to calculate cardiac output - ANS CO = SV x HR
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) - ANS MAP= SBP + 2(DBP) / 3
Normal= 70-105mmHg
Needs to be >65mmHg to perfuse ONLY the vital organs. THIS IS NOT NORMAL
Use A line to measure
Pulmonary Artery Catheter Pressures - ANS PA pressures- (distal port)
PAS= 15-30mmHg
PAD 8-15mmHg
SIRS - ANS systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
does not have to be associated with an infection.
SIRS criteria - ANS need 2 or more s/s
-temp >100.4, temp <96.8
-HR >90bpm
-RR >20 and /or PCO2 <32 (rapid breathing)
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,-WBC >12,000 or <4,000
WOTF is not criteria s/s for dx SIRS
1. RR > 20
2. HR <60
3. Temp >100.4
4. PaCO2 <32 - ANS 2. HR <60 ANSWER
DIC - ANS disseminated intravascular coagulation
DEATH IS COMING
NO PERFUSION
They will have an increased D Dimer
DIC clinical presentation - ANS Acute bleeding from multiple sites. Bleeding from
everywhere. Organ dysfunction, Thrombosis.
DIC nursing management - ANS 1. Occult blood testing of all fluids
2. avoid puncturing the pt.
3. Apply pressure 10-15 MIN for arterial puncture. 5MIN for venous puncture.
4. paper tape
5. No BP cuff. NEED AN A LINE
6. No rectal temp
7. gentle personal care
8. dec. pressure points
9. monitor pupils for changes- Could be cerebral bleed.
WOTF lab value is indicative of DIC
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, 1. dec PTT
2. inc Platelet
3. dec INR
4. inc FDP (fibrin degradation product) - ANS 4. inc FDP (fibrin degradation product) ANSWER
hypovolemic shock - ANS TANK PROBLEM
inadequate fluid volume in the space
cardiogenic shock - ANS PUMP PROBLEM
Coronary- problem with heart itself, cant move blood.
Non-Coronary- physical obstruction into or out of heart
circulatory (distributive) shock - ANS PIPE PROBLEM ---> EXTREME VASODILATION
septic shock- inflammatory response due to invasion of organism
anaphylactic- antigen-antibody response
shock initially - ANS Dont see anything at first. will just have a lactic acid buildup.
Compensatory stage - ANS blood shunted to most vital organs.
increased heart rate to maintain adequate BP & CO
RR increases to compensate for met. acidosis
compensatory stage s/s - ANS increased HR, adequate BP (>65), narrowing PP, increased RR,
cool pale skin, hypoactive bowel sounds, decreased urine output.
compensatory stage effects on kidney - ANS releases renin. releases aldosterone.
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
