CERTIFICATION EVALUATION EXAMS 2026
SOLVED QUESTIONS UPDATED 2026
◉ Abstract. Answer: a brief summary of what is included in the article.
*provide a concise breakdown of article goals, methods, and tentative
results.
◉ Understanding. Answer: attempting to learn about and generate ideas
about specific and unique phenomena.
*important in early stages of research
*little previously known
*without preconceived notions
*"discover" important factors
◉ Metacognition. Answer: thinking about thinking
1.assess the task
2.evaluate strengths and weaknesses
3.plan an approach
4. apply strategies and monitor your performance
5. reflect and adjust as needed
,Repeat the steps as a cycle.
◉ Description. Answer: an attempt to describe the characteristics of a
phenomenon.
*describing a phenomenon?
*documenting characteristics of phenomenon?
◉ Decriptive Research. Answer: provide an accurate description or
picture of the status or characteristics of a situation or phenomenon
*deeper level than description
1. randomly selected from defined population
2.determine the sample characteristics
3.infer the characteristics of the population based on the sample
◉ Explanation. Answer: researchers attempt to show how and why a
phenomenon operates as it does.
1.develop a theory about how and why the phenomenon operates as it
does
2.identify the cause and effect relationships
◉ explanatory research. Answer: testing hypotheses and theories that
explain the functions of a phenomenon in detail
*strongest form of explanatory research for providing evidence of cause
and effect
, ◉ Prediction. Answer: forecast a phenomenon, wherin there is an
association made between two points in a time
*can be made from research studies
◉ predictive research. Answer: predict the future status of one or more
dependent (or criterion) variables on the basis of one or more
independent (or predictor) variables
◉ influence. Answer: attempting to apply research to make certain
outcomes occur
*an objective which refers to the application of research knowledge to
control various aspects of the world.
1.make something useful happen
2.checking a demonstration program to see if it works.
◉ Integration. Answer: consolidating insights from multiple
investigators, theories/perspectives, sets of data, methods in order to
understand a given entity of study
◉ emic perspective. Answer: *insider's perspective
*meanings and views of people being studied
*getting inside the heads of group members
*ex. local languages, forms of expression, jargon/slang