CARDIAC ATI TEST PAPER UPADTED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔____ is elevated in older adults, putting them at risk for CAD and HF - ✔✔systolic
BP
✔✔Subjective and objective data of ______
Dyspnea, orthopnea
fatigue
displaced apical pulse
S3 heart sound is gallop
pulmonary congestion- crackles
frothy sputum
altered mental status
oliguria - ✔✔Left sided HF
✔✔subjective and objective data of ______
Jugular vein distention
Ascending dependent edema
adbominal distention, ascites
fatigue, weakness
nausea and anorexia
polyuria at rest
liver enlargement and tenderness
weight gain - ✔✔right-sided HF
✔✔most common type of cardiomyopathy - ✔✔dilated
✔✔_____ is impaired to the lungs when the cardiac pump is compromised - ✔✔blood
circulation
✔✔what is seen in cardiomyopathy - ✔✔fatigue, weakness
HF(left with dilated, right with restrictive)
Dysrhythmias
S3 gallop
Cardiomegaly
angina- hypertrophic type
✔✔the presence of other chronic illnesses (____ and _____) can mask the presence of
HF in older adults clients. - ✔✔lung disease
kidney failure
✔✔Human B-type natriuretic peptides (hBPN) is elvated in _____ - ✔✔HF
,✔✔in clients who have dyspnea, elevated ____ confirms a diagnosis of HF rather than
a problem originating in the rest system. - ✔✔hBNP
✔✔hBNP below ____ indicates no HF - ✔✔100
✔✔hBNP between ___-___ suggest HF - ✔✔100 to 300
✔✔hBNP 300
hBNP 600
hBNP 900 - ✔✔mild HF
moderate HF
severe HF
✔✔mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO2) is directly related to cardiac output. a ___
in SvO2 indicated worsening cardiac function - ✔✔drop
✔✔an ___ is used to measure systolic and diastolic function of the heart -
✔✔ultrasound.
echo 2-D or 3-D
✔✔the volume of blood from the left ventricle to the lungs upon each beat. normal is
55% to 70% - ✔✔Left ventricle ejection fraction
✔✔the volume of blood pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs upon each beat.
normal is 45% to 60%. - ✔✔right ventricle ejection fraction
✔✔uses a transducer placed in the esophagus behind the heart to obtain a detailed
view of cardiac structures. - ✔✔transesophageal echocardiography TEE
✔✔a chest x-ray can reveal ___ and ____ - ✔✔cardiomegaly and pleural effusions
✔✔___ are used to decrease preload - ✔✔Diuretics
✔✔Loop diuretics are - ✔✔lasix and bumex
✔✔what are the potassium sparing diuretics - ✔✔spironolactone
✔✔Adminster Furosemide IV no faster than ___mg/min - ✔✔20
✔✔loop and thiazide diuretics can cause ____, - ✔✔hypokalemia
,✔✔teach clients taking loop or thiazide diuretics to ingest foods and drinks that are high
in ____ - ✔✔potassium
✔✔____ reducing agents help the heart pump more easily by altering the resistance to
contraction - ✔✔Afterload
✔✔what are after load reducing agents - ✔✔Ace inhibitors-Prils
angiotensin receptor 2 blockers- sartans
calcium channel blockers- cardizem
primacor
✔✔__ are contraindicated for clients who have renal deficiency - ✔✔after load reducing
agents :
Ace inhibitors-Prils
angiotensin receptor 2 blockers- sartans
calcium channel blockers- cardizem
primacor
✔✔when taking ace inhibitors watch for ____ - ✔✔hypotension
✔✔ace inhibitors can cause ____, a decreased sense of ___ or ___ - ✔✔angioedema
taste
skin rash
✔✔after load reducing agents watch for increases levels of - ✔✔Potassium
✔✔dry cough when taking __ - ✔✔ace inhibitors
✔✔___ and used to increase contractility and thereby improve CO - ✔✔inotropic
agents- Digoxin
✔✔when taking digoxin, hold med is apical pulse is less than - ✔✔60/min
✔✔do not take digoxin at the same time as _____ - ✔✔antacids
separate meds by 2 hrs
✔✔signs of dig toxicity - ✔✔fatigue, muscle weakness, confusion and loss of appetite
, ✔✔beta blockers - ✔✔"lol"
carvedilol and metoprolol
✔✔___ may be used to improve the condition of the client who has sustained increased
levels of sympathetic stimulation and catecholamines.
for patients which chronic HF - ✔✔beta blockers
✔✔check orthostatic BP when taking - ✔✔beta blockers
✔✔Daily weights are important when taking ___ - ✔✔betablockers
✔✔Vasodilators __ and ___ - ✔✔nitroglycerine and isosorbide
✔✔____ prevent coronary artery vasospasm and reduce preload and after load,
decreasing myocardial oxygen demand - ✔✔vasodilators
✔✔vasodilators are given to treat ___ and help control bp - ✔✔angina
✔✔vasodilatorscan cause ___ - ✔✔ortho hypo
✔✔headaches are common with these drugs
sit and lie down slowly - ✔✔vasodilators
✔✔___ are used to treat acute HF by causing natriuresis (loss of sodium and
vasodilation). they are administered IV - ✔✔hBNP
✔✔hBNP can cause ___ - ✔✔hypotension
✔✔anticoagulants such as ___ - ✔✔warfarin
✔✔prevent thrombus formation - ✔✔anticoagulants
✔✔anticoagulants are contraindicated in - ✔✔bleeding, ulcers, recent trauma , CVA
✔✔__ is a mechanical pump that assists a heart that is too weak to pump blood through
the body - ✔✔VAD- ventricular assist device
✔✔___ is the treatment of choice for clients who have ____ - ✔✔dilated
cardiomyopathy
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔____ is elevated in older adults, putting them at risk for CAD and HF - ✔✔systolic
BP
✔✔Subjective and objective data of ______
Dyspnea, orthopnea
fatigue
displaced apical pulse
S3 heart sound is gallop
pulmonary congestion- crackles
frothy sputum
altered mental status
oliguria - ✔✔Left sided HF
✔✔subjective and objective data of ______
Jugular vein distention
Ascending dependent edema
adbominal distention, ascites
fatigue, weakness
nausea and anorexia
polyuria at rest
liver enlargement and tenderness
weight gain - ✔✔right-sided HF
✔✔most common type of cardiomyopathy - ✔✔dilated
✔✔_____ is impaired to the lungs when the cardiac pump is compromised - ✔✔blood
circulation
✔✔what is seen in cardiomyopathy - ✔✔fatigue, weakness
HF(left with dilated, right with restrictive)
Dysrhythmias
S3 gallop
Cardiomegaly
angina- hypertrophic type
✔✔the presence of other chronic illnesses (____ and _____) can mask the presence of
HF in older adults clients. - ✔✔lung disease
kidney failure
✔✔Human B-type natriuretic peptides (hBPN) is elvated in _____ - ✔✔HF
,✔✔in clients who have dyspnea, elevated ____ confirms a diagnosis of HF rather than
a problem originating in the rest system. - ✔✔hBNP
✔✔hBNP below ____ indicates no HF - ✔✔100
✔✔hBNP between ___-___ suggest HF - ✔✔100 to 300
✔✔hBNP 300
hBNP 600
hBNP 900 - ✔✔mild HF
moderate HF
severe HF
✔✔mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO2) is directly related to cardiac output. a ___
in SvO2 indicated worsening cardiac function - ✔✔drop
✔✔an ___ is used to measure systolic and diastolic function of the heart -
✔✔ultrasound.
echo 2-D or 3-D
✔✔the volume of blood from the left ventricle to the lungs upon each beat. normal is
55% to 70% - ✔✔Left ventricle ejection fraction
✔✔the volume of blood pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs upon each beat.
normal is 45% to 60%. - ✔✔right ventricle ejection fraction
✔✔uses a transducer placed in the esophagus behind the heart to obtain a detailed
view of cardiac structures. - ✔✔transesophageal echocardiography TEE
✔✔a chest x-ray can reveal ___ and ____ - ✔✔cardiomegaly and pleural effusions
✔✔___ are used to decrease preload - ✔✔Diuretics
✔✔Loop diuretics are - ✔✔lasix and bumex
✔✔what are the potassium sparing diuretics - ✔✔spironolactone
✔✔Adminster Furosemide IV no faster than ___mg/min - ✔✔20
✔✔loop and thiazide diuretics can cause ____, - ✔✔hypokalemia
,✔✔teach clients taking loop or thiazide diuretics to ingest foods and drinks that are high
in ____ - ✔✔potassium
✔✔____ reducing agents help the heart pump more easily by altering the resistance to
contraction - ✔✔Afterload
✔✔what are after load reducing agents - ✔✔Ace inhibitors-Prils
angiotensin receptor 2 blockers- sartans
calcium channel blockers- cardizem
primacor
✔✔__ are contraindicated for clients who have renal deficiency - ✔✔after load reducing
agents :
Ace inhibitors-Prils
angiotensin receptor 2 blockers- sartans
calcium channel blockers- cardizem
primacor
✔✔when taking ace inhibitors watch for ____ - ✔✔hypotension
✔✔ace inhibitors can cause ____, a decreased sense of ___ or ___ - ✔✔angioedema
taste
skin rash
✔✔after load reducing agents watch for increases levels of - ✔✔Potassium
✔✔dry cough when taking __ - ✔✔ace inhibitors
✔✔___ and used to increase contractility and thereby improve CO - ✔✔inotropic
agents- Digoxin
✔✔when taking digoxin, hold med is apical pulse is less than - ✔✔60/min
✔✔do not take digoxin at the same time as _____ - ✔✔antacids
separate meds by 2 hrs
✔✔signs of dig toxicity - ✔✔fatigue, muscle weakness, confusion and loss of appetite
, ✔✔beta blockers - ✔✔"lol"
carvedilol and metoprolol
✔✔___ may be used to improve the condition of the client who has sustained increased
levels of sympathetic stimulation and catecholamines.
for patients which chronic HF - ✔✔beta blockers
✔✔check orthostatic BP when taking - ✔✔beta blockers
✔✔Daily weights are important when taking ___ - ✔✔betablockers
✔✔Vasodilators __ and ___ - ✔✔nitroglycerine and isosorbide
✔✔____ prevent coronary artery vasospasm and reduce preload and after load,
decreasing myocardial oxygen demand - ✔✔vasodilators
✔✔vasodilators are given to treat ___ and help control bp - ✔✔angina
✔✔vasodilatorscan cause ___ - ✔✔ortho hypo
✔✔headaches are common with these drugs
sit and lie down slowly - ✔✔vasodilators
✔✔___ are used to treat acute HF by causing natriuresis (loss of sodium and
vasodilation). they are administered IV - ✔✔hBNP
✔✔hBNP can cause ___ - ✔✔hypotension
✔✔anticoagulants such as ___ - ✔✔warfarin
✔✔prevent thrombus formation - ✔✔anticoagulants
✔✔anticoagulants are contraindicated in - ✔✔bleeding, ulcers, recent trauma , CVA
✔✔__ is a mechanical pump that assists a heart that is too weak to pump blood through
the body - ✔✔VAD- ventricular assist device
✔✔___ is the treatment of choice for clients who have ____ - ✔✔dilated
cardiomyopathy
