CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
Reference — Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
— Overview.
Question Stem: A 58-year-old man with a 30 pack-year smoking
history asks about lung-cancer screening. He has no respiratory
symptoms and stopped smoking 7 years ago. Which factor most
strongly supports recommending annual low-dose CT
screening?
A. Age older than 55 years
,B. Active smoking within the past 10 years
C. Any former smoking history of >10 pack-years
D. Presence of chronic cough on exam
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct (B): CMDT emphasizes that recent or current
smoking (usually within prior 10 years in most screening
recommendations) is a primary criterion for lung-cancer
screening eligibility; continued or recent exposure
increases pretest probability and screening yield.
• A: Age matters but by itself is less specific than recent
smoking exposure for determining screening eligibility.
• C: Cumulative exposure (pack-years) is important but
recent smoking status is a stronger determinant of current
screening benefit.
• D: Chronic cough is a symptom that warrants diagnostic
workup, not routine screening in an asymptomatic
screening algorithm.
Teaching Point: Recent/current smoking status is a key
determinant for lung-cancer screening eligibility.
Citation: Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
accessmedicine.mhmedical.com
,2
Reference — Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
— Vaccination.
Question Stem: A 72-year-old woman with well-controlled type
2 diabetes presents for routine care. Which immunization is
most strongly recommended now to reduce risk of invasive
pneumococcal disease?
A. Annual inactivated influenza vaccine only
B. Single dose of zoster vaccine
C. Pneumococcal vaccination per adult schedule (conjugate
and/or polysaccharide as indicated)
D. Hepatitis B vaccination series
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct (C): CMDT recommends pneumococcal vaccination
for older adults and those with chronic conditions
(including diabetes) according to the adult pneumococcal
immunization schedule to reduce invasive disease.
• A: Annual flu vaccine is recommended but does not
address pneumococcal invasive disease risk.
• B: Zoster vaccine may be appropriate but does not target
pneumococcal disease.
• D: Hepatitis B vaccine is not routinely indicated solely for
age 72 unless specific risk factors exist.
, Teaching Point: Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for
older adults and those with chronic diseases.
Citation: Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
accessmedicine.mhmedical.com
3
Reference — Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
— Screening & Counseling.
Question Stem: A 46-year-old woman with BMI 34 asks about
counseling for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Which intervention is most likely to reduce her long-term
ASCVD risk?
A. Initiation of low-dose aspirin now
B. Intensive lifestyle modification targeting weight loss and
blood pressure control
C. Start statin therapy without reviewing risk factors
D. Begin over-the-counter herbal supplement for cholesterol
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct (B): CMDT underscores lifestyle modification
(weight reduction, diet, exercise, and BP control) as
foundational measures to lower atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in primary prevention.
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
Reference — Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
— Overview.
Question Stem: A 58-year-old man with a 30 pack-year smoking
history asks about lung-cancer screening. He has no respiratory
symptoms and stopped smoking 7 years ago. Which factor most
strongly supports recommending annual low-dose CT
screening?
A. Age older than 55 years
,B. Active smoking within the past 10 years
C. Any former smoking history of >10 pack-years
D. Presence of chronic cough on exam
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct (B): CMDT emphasizes that recent or current
smoking (usually within prior 10 years in most screening
recommendations) is a primary criterion for lung-cancer
screening eligibility; continued or recent exposure
increases pretest probability and screening yield.
• A: Age matters but by itself is less specific than recent
smoking exposure for determining screening eligibility.
• C: Cumulative exposure (pack-years) is important but
recent smoking status is a stronger determinant of current
screening benefit.
• D: Chronic cough is a symptom that warrants diagnostic
workup, not routine screening in an asymptomatic
screening algorithm.
Teaching Point: Recent/current smoking status is a key
determinant for lung-cancer screening eligibility.
Citation: Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
accessmedicine.mhmedical.com
,2
Reference — Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
— Vaccination.
Question Stem: A 72-year-old woman with well-controlled type
2 diabetes presents for routine care. Which immunization is
most strongly recommended now to reduce risk of invasive
pneumococcal disease?
A. Annual inactivated influenza vaccine only
B. Single dose of zoster vaccine
C. Pneumococcal vaccination per adult schedule (conjugate
and/or polysaccharide as indicated)
D. Hepatitis B vaccination series
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct (C): CMDT recommends pneumococcal vaccination
for older adults and those with chronic conditions
(including diabetes) according to the adult pneumococcal
immunization schedule to reduce invasive disease.
• A: Annual flu vaccine is recommended but does not
address pneumococcal invasive disease risk.
• B: Zoster vaccine may be appropriate but does not target
pneumococcal disease.
• D: Hepatitis B vaccine is not routinely indicated solely for
age 72 unless specific risk factors exist.
, Teaching Point: Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for
older adults and those with chronic diseases.
Citation: Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
accessmedicine.mhmedical.com
3
Reference — Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
— Screening & Counseling.
Question Stem: A 46-year-old woman with BMI 34 asks about
counseling for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Which intervention is most likely to reduce her long-term
ASCVD risk?
A. Initiation of low-dose aspirin now
B. Intensive lifestyle modification targeting weight loss and
blood pressure control
C. Start statin therapy without reviewing risk factors
D. Begin over-the-counter herbal supplement for cholesterol
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct (B): CMDT underscores lifestyle modification
(weight reduction, diet, exercise, and BP control) as
foundational measures to lower atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in primary prevention.
