FAD3220: CHAPTER 8

EXAM 3 FAD3220: CHAPTER 8 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
Physical appearance & women in middle adulthood. - CORRECT ANSWER-Western cultures-
-
> highly value youthful appearance. Societal pressures to retain youthful look. Double stand
ard: older women tend to be viewed in unflattering terms, whereas older mean frequently
seen as attractively "mature."



Lifestyle choices in midlife - CORRECT ANSWER-
Can have a major impact on people's physical, & even cognitive, fitness, in midlife.



Self-concept in midlife - CORRECT ANSWER-
People's emotional reactions to midlife's physical changes depend in part on self-concepts

-when self-
image is tied closely to one's physical attributes/attractiveness, middle adulthood can be pa
rticularly difficult.



height in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-
Most reach max height in 20s, remain close to that height till ~55 (where "settling" process
in bones attached to spinal column become less dense.



Height loss in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-although loss of height is slow:

-women avg. a 2-inch decline

-men avg. 1-inch decline over rest of life span



osteoporosis in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER- women
more prone to height decline bc of osteoporosis--
condition where bones become brittle, fragile, thin, often caused by lack of calcium in the
diet

,-
although has genetic component, osteoporosis = one aspect of aging that can be affected b
y lifestyle



Reducing Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER-
women & men can reduce risk by eating calcium-rich diet & by exercising reg.



weight in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-
body fat tends to incr. bc height may be declining, gains incr. incidence of obesity



strength in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER- gradually
decreases, mainly in back & leg muscles

by 60, people avg. 10% loss of their max. strength



Vision in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-
so common that reading glasses = stereotypical emblem of middle age

starting @ 40, visual acuity begins to decline

shape of eye's lens changes + elasticity deteriorates, makes it harder to focus images sharpl
y onto retina

lens becomes less transparent, so less light passes through the eye



visual acuity - CORRECT ANSWER-
the ability to discern fine spatial detail in both close and distant objects



presbyopia - CORRECT ANSWER-
a nearly universal change in eyesight during middle adulthood that results in some loss of
near vision

, glaucoma - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k



condition in which pressure in the fluid of the eye increases, either bc fluid cannot drain
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kpr operly or bc too much fluid is produced
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Other vision changes in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-
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depth perception, distance perception, & the ability to see in 3D all decline
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loss of rods (receptors in eyes) & a decr. in lens transparency impairs ability to adapt to
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Hearing in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-
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declines in acuity, changes tend to be less evident than affected vision
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enviro. factors cause some hearing loss--ppl who work near loud noises
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Aging affects on hearing in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-
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age brings loss of cilia, hair cells in inner ear, which transmit neural messages to brain
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kwhe n vibrations bend them
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eardrum becomes less elastic w/ age, reducing sensitivity to sound
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presbycusis - CORRECT ANSWER-age-related hearing loss- loss k k k k k k



kof ability to hear sounds of high frequency
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ability to hear high-pitched, high-frequency sounds degrades
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about 12% ages 45-65 suffer
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Who is more prone to hearing loss? (middle adulthood) - CORRECT ANSWER- Men,
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starting around age 55
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Is hearing loss a hallmark to middle adulthood? - CORRECT ANSWER-
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No, b/c declines in hearing do not markedly affect middle age, many compensate for
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losses by
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, 1- asking people to speak up k k k k




2- turning up volume k k




3- paying closer attention k k




Female climacteric - CORRECT ANSWER-
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period that marks the transition from being able to bear children to being unable to do so
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-begins around 45, lasts 15-20 years
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-menopause



Menopause overview - CORRECT ANSWER-- k k k k



cessation of menstruation, periods begin to occur irregularly/less frequently during
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k2- year period around 47/48 y/o, but may begin as early as 40 or late as 60
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-
marks end of a woman's *natural* fertility (eggs implanted postmenopausal actually can pr
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oduce pregnancy)
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When is menopause completed? - CORRECT ANSWER--
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woman passes a year w/o her period
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Menopause symptoms/what happens to the body? - CORRECT ANSWER--
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estrogen & progesterone levels (female sex hormones) begin to drop
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-"hot flash", headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, aching joints
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Menopause symptom statistics - CORRECT ANSWER-Most prevalent symptom = hot flashes in
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k 1 survey: only 50% reported hot flashes, 10% experienced severe distress
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As many as half of women have no significant symptoms at all
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