WGU D684 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SCIENCE OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+<RECENT VERSION>

WGU D684 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SCIENCE OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+&lt;RECENT VERSION&gt; 1) American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) - ANSWER a standard encoding system for text characters that uses numeric values to represent letters, numbers, and symbols 2) bandwidth - ANSWER the maximum rate of data transfer across a network or communication channel, usually measured in bits per second 3) binary - ANSWER a numerical system that uses only two digits, zero and one, to represent data in computing 4) Boolean expression - ANSWER a logical statement that can only be true or false and uses operators like AND, OR, and NOT 5) character - ANSWER a single letter, digit, or symbol used in writing text 6) character set - ANSWER a collection of characters that a computer can recognize and process, like ASCII or Unicode 7) compression ratio - ANSWER the ratio of the original data size to the compressed data size, indicating how much the data has been reduced 8) control structure - ANSWER constructs in programming that control the flow of execution, such as loops and conditional statements 9) data - ANSWER raw facts and figures that can be processed to produce meaningful information 10) data compression - ANSWER the process of reducing the size of data to save space or transmission time 11) data types - ANSWER categories of data that define what kind of value can be stored, like integers, floats, and strings, and how it can be used 12) declaration - ANSWER a statement in programming that specifies the name and type of a variable or function without assigning a value 13) pipelining - ANSWER a CPU performance enhancement technique where multiple instruction phases are overlapped to improve processing speed 14) program counter - ANSWER a register in the CPU that holds the address of the next instruction to be executed 15) register - ANSWER a small, fast storage location within the CPU used to hold temporary data and instructions 16) sector - ANSWER the smallest unit of data storage on a disk, typically part of a track 17) track - ANSWER a circular path on the surface of a disk where data is magnetically recorded and read 18) transfer rate - ANSWER the speed at which data can be transmitted from one device to another, usually measured in bits per second 19) access control policy - ANSWER rules that determine who can access specific resources or data in a system and which actions they can perform 20) bandwidth - ANSWER the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network connection in a given amount of time, usually measured in bits per second (bps) 21) Bluetooth - ANSWER a wireless technology that allows devices to communicate over short distances, typically used for connecting peripherals like headphones and keyboards 22) broadband - ANSWER a high-speed internet connection that is always on and faster than traditional dial-up access, such as DSL, cable, and fiber-optic 23) bus topology - ANSWER a network configuration where all devices are connected to a single central cable, or bus, through which data is transmitted 24) cable modem - ANSWER a device that provides internet access by connecting to a cable television line 25) client/server model - ANSWER a network architecture where clients (user devices) request services and resources from servers (centralized computers) that provide them 26) computer network - ANSWER a group of interconnected computers and devices that can share data and resources 27) data transfer rate - ANSWER the speed at which data is transmitted between devices over a network, usually measured in bits per second (bps) 28) digital subscriber line (DSL) - ANSWER a technology that provides high-speed internet access through telephone lines 29) domain name - ANSWER a human-readable address used to identify a website on the internet, such as 30) domain name server - ANSWER a server that translates domain names into IP addresses, enabling browsers to locate and load internet resources 31) domain name system (DNS) - ANSWER the system that manages the translation of domain names to IP addresses, making it possible to access websites using human-readable names 32) domain squatting - ANSWER the practice of registering domain names, especially those related to trademarks, with the intent to sell them at a profit to the rightful owner 33) download - ANSWER the process of transferring data from a remote server to a local device 34) Ethernet - ANSWER a common method of networking computers in a local area network (LAN), using wired connections and protocols to manage data transmission 35) file server - ANSWER a server that stores and manages files, making them accessible to computers on the same network 36) firewall - ANSWER a security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules 37) gateway - ANSWER a device that connects different networks, allowing data to flow between them 38) hostname - ANSWER a unique name assigned to a device on a network and used to identify it 39) ICANN - ANSWER an organization that manages the assignment of domain names and IP addresses on the internet 40) internet backbone - ANSWER the main infrastructure of the internet, consisting of high-speed data transmission lines and major networks 41) internet protocol (IP) - ANSWER a set of rules governing the format of data sent over the internet or other networks 42) internet service provider (ISP) - ANSWER a company that provides individuals and organizations access to the internet 43) interoperability - ANSWER the ability of different systems, devices, or software to work together and exchange information seamlessly 44) IP address - ANSWER a unique numerical identifier assigned to each device connected to a network, enabling it to communicate with other devices 45) latency - ANSWER the delay before data begins to transfer after an instruction for its transfer is given, often measured in milliseconds 46) local-area network (LAN) - ANSWER a network that connects computers and devices within a limited area, such as a home, school, or office building 47) metropolitan-area network (MAN) - ANSWER a network that spans a larger geographic area than a LAN, typically a city or a large campus 48) MIME type - ANSWER a standard that indicates the nature and format of a file, used to identify the type of content being sent over the internet 49) network neutrality - ANSWER the principle that all internet traffic should be treated equally by ISPs, without discrimination or charging differently based on user, content, or application 50) node (host) - ANSWER any device, such as a computer or printer, connected to a network that can send, receive, or manage data 51) Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model - ANSWER a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven abstraction layers to facilitate interoperability 52) open system - ANSWER a system that uses open standards and protocols, allowing it to interact with other systems and be modified or extended by third parties 53) packet - ANSWER a small unit of data transmitted over a network, containing both the data being sent and control information for routing 54) packet switching - ANSWER a method of data transmission where data is broken into packets and sent over various routes to its destination, where it is reassembled