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Sumario EICOSANOIDES Y LA HISTAMINA EN FARMACOLOGIA

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Todo acerca de los eicosaniodes, farmacos, histamina en la farmacologia, vias como la COX

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January 18, 2021
Number of pages
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Written in
2020/2021
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EICOSANOIDES
¿Qué son?​ Sustancias con diversas acciones fisiológicas y sintetizadas a partir de ácidos
grasos poli-insaturados, se originan a través de la membrana celular (plasmática).


ACIDO ARAQUIDONICO
-Es un derivado del ÁCIDO LINOLEICO.
-Se ingiere de las dietas (carnes).
-Se almacena formando parte de los fosfolípidos de la membrana celular.



LIBERACIÓN DEL ÁCIDO ARAQUIDÓNICO
-Generada por Impulsos nerviosos, antígenos, reacciones inmunitarias, isquemia, daño celular,
neuropéptidos y hormonas.



-VÍA DE LA CICLO- OXIGENASA
COX-1 y COX-2, y COX-3
COX1: Aumento de la adhesión plaquetaria, aumento del flujo renal, aumento de la mucosa
gástrica. A partir de aquí se originan las prostaglandinas y los tromboxanos.
COX-2: Inflamación, rubor, calor y dolor.
COX-3: Encontrada en el hipotálamo, por lo que esta causa fiebre, el Paracetamol es un
farmáco que actúa sobre la COX-3 por lo cual tiene efecto antipiretico

-VÍA DE LA LIPOOXIGENASA​ Se derivan los leucotrienos.
ISOENZIMAS COX

CICLO- OXIGENASA-1(COX)

-Enzima constitutiva.
-Encargada de sintetizar PG’s implicadas en la HOMEOSTASIS.

CICLO- OXIGENASA-2 (COX-2)

-Indetectable basalmente en la mayoría de los tejidos.
-Produce PROSTANOIDES en los lugares inflamados.
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