microbiologyexam1(connect
mcgrawhill)examwithcorrect
answers
whatthreeendeavorsinthe20thcenturyledtodrasticreductionsinthemortalityfrominfectious
disease intheUnitedStates?-correct answer✔✔improvementsinsanitation&hygienepractices,
childhoodvaccinationprograms,andthediscoveryanddevelopmentofantimicrobial drugs
majorsetbacksinthe20thcenturythatindicatedtheunpredictabilityofinfectiousdisease -correct
answer✔✔HIV,influenzapandemic,andtheemergence ofhighlydrugresistantstrainsofTB
whataresomeadvantagestothetechnologyrelatedtoinfectiousdisease thatwasdevelopedinthe
20thcentury?-correct answer✔✔abilitytodetermine thecausativeagentsofneworunknown
diseases, todetectinfectiousdiseases thatwerepreviouslydifficulttodiagnose,todesigndrugsthat
targetmolecular pathwaysininfectious agents,andtoproducemassquantitiesofeffective viral
vaccines.
GermTheoryofDisease -correct answer✔✔specific diseasesarecausedbyspecific kindsofmicrobes
eukaryote-correct answer✔✔containsanucleusandothermembrane boundorganelles
bacteria/archaea-correct answer✔✔celltypethatlacksnucleus,aretentimessmallerthanother
microbes.
virus-correct answer✔✔a-cellular particle,smallestmicrobes
fungus-correct answer✔✔aeukaryotethatisadecomposer
, i.e.penicillium
protazoan-correct answer✔✔singlecelledeukaryote
i.e.giardia
humanmicrobiomeproject-correct answer✔✔2010's+, detailedinfoaboutthemicroorganisms that
liveinoronourbodies
PCR-correct answer✔✔developedinthe1980's;atechnique usedtomakemasscopiesofDNAfor
study
restriction enzymes-correct answer✔✔1970's, DanielNathans,WernerArber,andHamiltonSmith
discoveredthese"smallscissors"thatcutDNAinacontrolledmanner
smallRNA's-correct answer✔✔identifiedinthe2000's,andappeartoplaycritical rolesinregulating
whathappensinthecell
chronicinfection-correct answer✔✔Infectionthatpersistsoveralongperiodoftime(e.g.,HIV)
focalinfection-correct answer✔✔wheninfectiousagentbreaksloosefromalocalinfectionandis
carriedtoothertissues.Anexampleisinfluenzacomplicatedbypneumonia
systemicinfection-correct answer✔✔Infectionspreadstoseveral sitesandtissuefluids(blood),and
maytravelvianervesandCSF.Examplesaremumps,rubella,chickenpox,AIDS,typhoid,andsyphilis
mixedinfection-correct answer✔✔Several microbesestablishthemselvessimultaneously atthe
infectionsite
mcgrawhill)examwithcorrect
answers
whatthreeendeavorsinthe20thcenturyledtodrasticreductionsinthemortalityfrominfectious
disease intheUnitedStates?-correct answer✔✔improvementsinsanitation&hygienepractices,
childhoodvaccinationprograms,andthediscoveryanddevelopmentofantimicrobial drugs
majorsetbacksinthe20thcenturythatindicatedtheunpredictabilityofinfectiousdisease -correct
answer✔✔HIV,influenzapandemic,andtheemergence ofhighlydrugresistantstrainsofTB
whataresomeadvantagestothetechnologyrelatedtoinfectiousdisease thatwasdevelopedinthe
20thcentury?-correct answer✔✔abilitytodetermine thecausativeagentsofneworunknown
diseases, todetectinfectiousdiseases thatwerepreviouslydifficulttodiagnose,todesigndrugsthat
targetmolecular pathwaysininfectious agents,andtoproducemassquantitiesofeffective viral
vaccines.
GermTheoryofDisease -correct answer✔✔specific diseasesarecausedbyspecific kindsofmicrobes
eukaryote-correct answer✔✔containsanucleusandothermembrane boundorganelles
bacteria/archaea-correct answer✔✔celltypethatlacksnucleus,aretentimessmallerthanother
microbes.
virus-correct answer✔✔a-cellular particle,smallestmicrobes
fungus-correct answer✔✔aeukaryotethatisadecomposer
, i.e.penicillium
protazoan-correct answer✔✔singlecelledeukaryote
i.e.giardia
humanmicrobiomeproject-correct answer✔✔2010's+, detailedinfoaboutthemicroorganisms that
liveinoronourbodies
PCR-correct answer✔✔developedinthe1980's;atechnique usedtomakemasscopiesofDNAfor
study
restriction enzymes-correct answer✔✔1970's, DanielNathans,WernerArber,andHamiltonSmith
discoveredthese"smallscissors"thatcutDNAinacontrolledmanner
smallRNA's-correct answer✔✔identifiedinthe2000's,andappeartoplaycritical rolesinregulating
whathappensinthecell
chronicinfection-correct answer✔✔Infectionthatpersistsoveralongperiodoftime(e.g.,HIV)
focalinfection-correct answer✔✔wheninfectiousagentbreaksloosefromalocalinfectionandis
carriedtoothertissues.Anexampleisinfluenzacomplicatedbypneumonia
systemicinfection-correct answer✔✔Infectionspreadstoseveral sitesandtissuefluids(blood),and
maytravelvianervesandCSF.Examplesaremumps,rubella,chickenpox,AIDS,typhoid,andsyphilis
mixedinfection-correct answer✔✔Several microbesestablishthemselvessimultaneously atthe
infectionsite
