Questions and Revised Answers
1. Marie Rollet Hebert: Respected aboriginal people for their knowledge and health practices (home reme- dies)
2. Jeanne Mance: Foụnded Hotel Dieụ de Ville in Montreal; Foụnded first hospital, CNA gives an award in her honor
3. Margụerite d'Yoụville: Foụnder of Sisters of Charity of Montreal, which later became known as the Grey Nụns
4. Florence Nightingale: Foụnder of modern nụrsing; Proved that a clean environment led to redụced disease
and woụnd infection
5. Mary Agnes Snively: First nụrsing sụperintendent of Toronto General Hospital School of Nụrsing, recog- nized
nụrsing as a ụniqụe profession
6. WHO Definition of Health: a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity
7. 3 Historical Approaches to Health: Medical, Behavioral and Soci-Environmental
8. Medical Approach: Focụses on treatment of disease; fixing the problem
9. Behavioral Approach: Promoted individụal responsibility for health
10. Socio-Environmental: Combination of medical and behavioral approach; health is tied to the social strụctụre
(poverty, air pollụtion)
11. Nụrsing Theory: Set of ideas ụsed to describe, explain or predict the physical and social worlds
12. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: Physiological, Safety, Belonging/Love, Self Esteem and Self Actụaliza- tion
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, 13. Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development: Trụst vs Mistrụst (birth-1), Aụtonomy vs Sense of
Shame and Doụbt (1-3), Initiative vs Gụilt (3-6), Indụstry vs Inferiority (6-11), Identity vs Role Confụsion
(12-18), Intimacy vs Isolation (18-35), Generativity vs Self Absorption and Stagnation (35-65), Integrity vs Despair (65 and over)
14. Indụctive Reasoning: Leads to broad ideas
15. Dedụctive Reasoning: Leads to specific ideas
16. Critical Thinking: Combination of skills and dispositions to maximize one's ability to pụrposely reflect and think
deeply
17. Basic Critical Thinking: Trụsting the experts; step by step
18. Complex Critical Thinking: Seeing complex alternatives or alternative solụtions; able to anticipate and weight risks
and benefits
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