PYC4809 ASSIGNMENT 3 PORTFOLIO
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE ANSWERS
WITH DETAILED SOLUTIONS || 100%
GUARANTEED PASS <RECENT VERSION>
Theme: Psychotherapeutic Frameworks, Ethics, and Application
Section 1: Foundational Theories and Concepts (Questions 1-25)
1. Which psychotherapy approach is primarily focused on uncovering
unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences?
a) Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
b) Humanistic Therapy
c) Psychodynamic Therapy
d) Systemic Therapy
Answer: Psychodynamic therapy, rooted in Freudian theory, posits that current
psychological issues stem from unresolved unconscious conflicts and early
developmental experiences. The therapeutic process involves bringing these
conflicts into conscious awareness.
2. A core principle of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is that
psychological distress is primarily maintained by:
a) Unconscious drives
b) Genetic predispositions
c) Dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs
d) A lack of self-actualization
Answer: CBT is based on the cognitive model, which emphasizes that it is not
events themselves, but our interpretations (thoughts and beliefs) about those events
that lead to our emotional and behavioural responses.
3. In Person-Centered Therapy, the concept of "Unconditional Positive
Regard" refers to:
a) The therapist's technique of free association
b) The therapist's acceptance and support of the client without evaluation
,c) The client's ability to overcome their conditions of worth
d) A behavioural reinforcement schedule
Answer: Unconditional Positive Regard is one of Rogers' three core conditions. It
means the therapist prizes the client in a total, non-judgmental way, fostering an
environment where the client can explore their feelings openly.
4. A therapist using a Systemic approach would most likely:
a) Analyze a client's dreams
b) View the client's problem in the context of family relationships
c) Challenge the client's irrational beliefs
d) Administer a personality test
Answer: Systemic therapy views individuals as part of a larger, interconnected
system (like a family). Problems are seen as patterns within the system, not just as
residing within the individual.
5. Which technique is most associated with Behavioural Therapy?
a) Dream analysis
b) Empty chair technique
c) Exposure and Response Prevention
d) Genogram
Answer: Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) is a cornerstone of behavioural
therapy, particularly for anxiety disorders like OCD. It involves gradual exposure
to feared stimuli while preventing the compulsive response.
6. The main goal of Humanistic therapies is to:
a) Modify maladaptive behaviour
b) Help the client achieve self-actualization and personal growth
c) Restructure dysfunctional cognitions
d) Resolve unconscious psychic conflicts
Answer: Humanistic therapies, like Person-Centered Therapy, are founded on the
belief that people have an innate drive towards growth and fulfilment. The
therapist's role is to facilitate this process.
, 7. In Psychodynamic theory, the "ego" functions primarily according to the:
a) Pleasure principle
b) Reality principle
c) Moral principle
d) Actualization principle
Answer: The ego is the rational part of the personality that mediates between the
impulsive demands of the id (pleasure principle) and the moralistic demands of the
superego (moral principle). It operates on the reality principle.
8. A key difference between CBT and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) is
that DBT places greater emphasis on:
a) Cognitive restructuring
b) Validation and acceptance of the client's emotions
c) Analysis of transference
d) Systematic desensitization
Answer: While both are cognitive-behavioural, DBT was developed for Borderline
Personality Disorder and uniquely balances change-oriented strategies (from CBT)
with acceptance-based strategies, such as validation.
9. The "ABC Model" in CBT stands for:
a) Affect, Behaviour, Cognition
b) Antecedent, Belief, Consequence
c) Analysis, Behaviour, Change
d) Activating event, Behaviour, Consequence
Answer: The ABC Model is a core tool in CBT where A is the Activating event
(antecedent), B is the Belief (thought) about the event, and C is the emotional and
behavioural Consequence.
10. A therapist who focuses on helping a client identify and use their strengths
to create a more meaningful life is likely drawing from:
a) Classical Psychoanalysis
b) Positive Psychology
c) Biological Psychiatry
d) Radical Behaviourism
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE ANSWERS
WITH DETAILED SOLUTIONS || 100%
GUARANTEED PASS <RECENT VERSION>
Theme: Psychotherapeutic Frameworks, Ethics, and Application
Section 1: Foundational Theories and Concepts (Questions 1-25)
1. Which psychotherapy approach is primarily focused on uncovering
unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences?
a) Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
b) Humanistic Therapy
c) Psychodynamic Therapy
d) Systemic Therapy
Answer: Psychodynamic therapy, rooted in Freudian theory, posits that current
psychological issues stem from unresolved unconscious conflicts and early
developmental experiences. The therapeutic process involves bringing these
conflicts into conscious awareness.
2. A core principle of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is that
psychological distress is primarily maintained by:
a) Unconscious drives
b) Genetic predispositions
c) Dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs
d) A lack of self-actualization
Answer: CBT is based on the cognitive model, which emphasizes that it is not
events themselves, but our interpretations (thoughts and beliefs) about those events
that lead to our emotional and behavioural responses.
3. In Person-Centered Therapy, the concept of "Unconditional Positive
Regard" refers to:
a) The therapist's technique of free association
b) The therapist's acceptance and support of the client without evaluation
,c) The client's ability to overcome their conditions of worth
d) A behavioural reinforcement schedule
Answer: Unconditional Positive Regard is one of Rogers' three core conditions. It
means the therapist prizes the client in a total, non-judgmental way, fostering an
environment where the client can explore their feelings openly.
4. A therapist using a Systemic approach would most likely:
a) Analyze a client's dreams
b) View the client's problem in the context of family relationships
c) Challenge the client's irrational beliefs
d) Administer a personality test
Answer: Systemic therapy views individuals as part of a larger, interconnected
system (like a family). Problems are seen as patterns within the system, not just as
residing within the individual.
5. Which technique is most associated with Behavioural Therapy?
a) Dream analysis
b) Empty chair technique
c) Exposure and Response Prevention
d) Genogram
Answer: Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) is a cornerstone of behavioural
therapy, particularly for anxiety disorders like OCD. It involves gradual exposure
to feared stimuli while preventing the compulsive response.
6. The main goal of Humanistic therapies is to:
a) Modify maladaptive behaviour
b) Help the client achieve self-actualization and personal growth
c) Restructure dysfunctional cognitions
d) Resolve unconscious psychic conflicts
Answer: Humanistic therapies, like Person-Centered Therapy, are founded on the
belief that people have an innate drive towards growth and fulfilment. The
therapist's role is to facilitate this process.
, 7. In Psychodynamic theory, the "ego" functions primarily according to the:
a) Pleasure principle
b) Reality principle
c) Moral principle
d) Actualization principle
Answer: The ego is the rational part of the personality that mediates between the
impulsive demands of the id (pleasure principle) and the moralistic demands of the
superego (moral principle). It operates on the reality principle.
8. A key difference between CBT and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) is
that DBT places greater emphasis on:
a) Cognitive restructuring
b) Validation and acceptance of the client's emotions
c) Analysis of transference
d) Systematic desensitization
Answer: While both are cognitive-behavioural, DBT was developed for Borderline
Personality Disorder and uniquely balances change-oriented strategies (from CBT)
with acceptance-based strategies, such as validation.
9. The "ABC Model" in CBT stands for:
a) Affect, Behaviour, Cognition
b) Antecedent, Belief, Consequence
c) Analysis, Behaviour, Change
d) Activating event, Behaviour, Consequence
Answer: The ABC Model is a core tool in CBT where A is the Activating event
(antecedent), B is the Belief (thought) about the event, and C is the emotional and
behavioural Consequence.
10. A therapist who focuses on helping a client identify and use their strengths
to create a more meaningful life is likely drawing from:
a) Classical Psychoanalysis
b) Positive Psychology
c) Biological Psychiatry
d) Radical Behaviourism
