NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Final Practice
Exam 2026 with 150 Questions and Correct
Answers / NR 565 Final Mock Test 2025-2026
Which of the following agents for gastrointestinal problems is contraindicated in
pregnancy?
A. Calcium carbonate
B. Famotidine
C. Lansoprazole
D. Misoprostol
D. Misoprostol
An elderly woman with a recent history of myocardial infarction is seeking a
medication to help treat her occasional heartburn. She is currently taking several
medications, including aspirin, clopidogrel, simvastatin, metoprolol, and lisinopril.
Which of the following drugs should be avoided in this patient?
A. Calcium carbonate
B. Famotidine
C. Omeprazole
D. Nizatidine
C. Omeprazole
In the management of chronic inflammatory conditions, under what circumstances
would a NP typically consider prescribing an oral steroid (systemic
corticosteroid)?
A. As the initial treatment choice for all patients.
B. When a patient seeks rapid relief from mild symptoms.
C. When non-steroidal medications and conservative treatments have demonstrated
limited effectiveness or inadequacy in managing inflammation.
D. Solely in cases involving acute infections to suppress immune responses.
pg. 1
,C. When non-steroidal medications and conservative treatments have demonstrated
limited effectiveness or inadequacy in managing inflammation.
A patient demonstrates correct understanding of nicotine patches if they state:
A. "I can wear the same patch for up to a week. I just need to change sites with
every new patch."
B. "I should start with the smallest patch and progressively use larger patches over
several weeks."
C. "The patch can be placed directly hairy skin as long as it's clean. Just press
down on the adhesive."
D. "Severe and persistent itching and redness means I should stop wearing the
patch and contact my provider."
D. "Severe and persistent itching and redness means I should stop wearing the
patch and contact my provider."
Of the following medications, which is most likely to cause hypoglycemia?
A. Metformin
B. Insulin
C. Incretin mimetics
D. Thiazolidinediones
B. Insulin
Which of the following medications would be considered the first line of treatment
for a newly diagnosed Diabetic patient with adequate renal and hepatic function?
A: NovoLog Sliding Scale Insulin
B: Liraglutide (Victoza)
C: Oral Metformin
D: Glipizide
C: Oral Metformin
Which symptoms are most expected of a patient diagnosed with hypothyroidism?
A. shortness of breath, wheezing, fatigue
B. tachycardia, insomnia, weight loss, goiter
pg. 2
,C. irritability, anxiety, dizziness, increased sweating
D. dry pale skin, brittle hair, fatigue, myxedema
D. dry skin, brittle hair, fatigue, myxedema
The NP ordered a repeat fasting plasma glucose test for their patient, as the first
test came back elevated. Which of the following repeat fasting plasma glucose
value would confirm a diagnosis of diabetes?
A. 98
B. 148
C. 122
D. 55
B. 148
Why should hypothyroidism be treated early within pregnancy?
A. Hypothyroidism in pregnancy should be treated with beta blockers.
B. Maternal hypothyroidism can cause significant weight loss.
C. Hypothyroidism in pregnancy can cause congenital hyperthyroidism.
D. Maternal hypothyroidism can cause permeant neurological deficits in the child.
D. Maternal hypothyroidism can cause permeant neurological deficits in the child.
A patient presents with an A1C of 11.2%. Which medication should be considered
at this time?
A. Insulin
B. Metformin
C. Glipizide
D. sitagliptin
A. Insulin
Patients with an increased risk for UTIs and genital infections or an active
diagnosis, should avoid what drug class/es for treatment of Type II Diabetes?
A. Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones)
B. Biguanide.
pg. 3
, C. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors.
D. All of the above.
C. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors.
A 45-year-old patient with a history of type 2 diabetes presents to the clinic for a
follow-up appointment. The healthcare provider has prescribed metformin as part
of the treatment plan. Which of the following statements regarding metformin is
correct?
A. Metformin primarily stimulates insulin production from the pancreas.
B. Metformin reduces glucose levels primarily by decreasing insulin resistance.
C. Metformin is associated with a risk of hypoglycemia.
D. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.
D. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.
In what part of the body are SGLT-2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors
active?
A. Small intestine
B. Pancreas
C. Renal tubules
D. Stomach
C. Renal tubules
In which patient population is Metformin contraindicated in?
A. Diabetics with HA1c < 7.0%
B. Patients older than 50
C. Alcoholics
D. Women suffering from infertility
C. Alcoholics
What lab value suggests metformin might be contraindicated?
A. eGFR <30
B. Crea 0.8
pg. 4
Exam 2026 with 150 Questions and Correct
Answers / NR 565 Final Mock Test 2025-2026
Which of the following agents for gastrointestinal problems is contraindicated in
pregnancy?
A. Calcium carbonate
B. Famotidine
C. Lansoprazole
D. Misoprostol
D. Misoprostol
An elderly woman with a recent history of myocardial infarction is seeking a
medication to help treat her occasional heartburn. She is currently taking several
medications, including aspirin, clopidogrel, simvastatin, metoprolol, and lisinopril.
Which of the following drugs should be avoided in this patient?
A. Calcium carbonate
B. Famotidine
C. Omeprazole
D. Nizatidine
C. Omeprazole
In the management of chronic inflammatory conditions, under what circumstances
would a NP typically consider prescribing an oral steroid (systemic
corticosteroid)?
A. As the initial treatment choice for all patients.
B. When a patient seeks rapid relief from mild symptoms.
C. When non-steroidal medications and conservative treatments have demonstrated
limited effectiveness or inadequacy in managing inflammation.
D. Solely in cases involving acute infections to suppress immune responses.
pg. 1
,C. When non-steroidal medications and conservative treatments have demonstrated
limited effectiveness or inadequacy in managing inflammation.
A patient demonstrates correct understanding of nicotine patches if they state:
A. "I can wear the same patch for up to a week. I just need to change sites with
every new patch."
B. "I should start with the smallest patch and progressively use larger patches over
several weeks."
C. "The patch can be placed directly hairy skin as long as it's clean. Just press
down on the adhesive."
D. "Severe and persistent itching and redness means I should stop wearing the
patch and contact my provider."
D. "Severe and persistent itching and redness means I should stop wearing the
patch and contact my provider."
Of the following medications, which is most likely to cause hypoglycemia?
A. Metformin
B. Insulin
C. Incretin mimetics
D. Thiazolidinediones
B. Insulin
Which of the following medications would be considered the first line of treatment
for a newly diagnosed Diabetic patient with adequate renal and hepatic function?
A: NovoLog Sliding Scale Insulin
B: Liraglutide (Victoza)
C: Oral Metformin
D: Glipizide
C: Oral Metformin
Which symptoms are most expected of a patient diagnosed with hypothyroidism?
A. shortness of breath, wheezing, fatigue
B. tachycardia, insomnia, weight loss, goiter
pg. 2
,C. irritability, anxiety, dizziness, increased sweating
D. dry pale skin, brittle hair, fatigue, myxedema
D. dry skin, brittle hair, fatigue, myxedema
The NP ordered a repeat fasting plasma glucose test for their patient, as the first
test came back elevated. Which of the following repeat fasting plasma glucose
value would confirm a diagnosis of diabetes?
A. 98
B. 148
C. 122
D. 55
B. 148
Why should hypothyroidism be treated early within pregnancy?
A. Hypothyroidism in pregnancy should be treated with beta blockers.
B. Maternal hypothyroidism can cause significant weight loss.
C. Hypothyroidism in pregnancy can cause congenital hyperthyroidism.
D. Maternal hypothyroidism can cause permeant neurological deficits in the child.
D. Maternal hypothyroidism can cause permeant neurological deficits in the child.
A patient presents with an A1C of 11.2%. Which medication should be considered
at this time?
A. Insulin
B. Metformin
C. Glipizide
D. sitagliptin
A. Insulin
Patients with an increased risk for UTIs and genital infections or an active
diagnosis, should avoid what drug class/es for treatment of Type II Diabetes?
A. Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones)
B. Biguanide.
pg. 3
, C. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors.
D. All of the above.
C. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors.
A 45-year-old patient with a history of type 2 diabetes presents to the clinic for a
follow-up appointment. The healthcare provider has prescribed metformin as part
of the treatment plan. Which of the following statements regarding metformin is
correct?
A. Metformin primarily stimulates insulin production from the pancreas.
B. Metformin reduces glucose levels primarily by decreasing insulin resistance.
C. Metformin is associated with a risk of hypoglycemia.
D. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.
D. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.
In what part of the body are SGLT-2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors
active?
A. Small intestine
B. Pancreas
C. Renal tubules
D. Stomach
C. Renal tubules
In which patient population is Metformin contraindicated in?
A. Diabetics with HA1c < 7.0%
B. Patients older than 50
C. Alcoholics
D. Women suffering from infertility
C. Alcoholics
What lab value suggests metformin might be contraindicated?
A. eGFR <30
B. Crea 0.8
pg. 4
