NR 566 Midterm study guide
Common CAP pathogens - Answer-S. Pneumoniae (most common)
H. Influenzae (smokers/COPD)
P. Aeruginosa (CF)
CAP first line treatment - Answer-Macrolides, Doxycyline, Amoxicillin
what to give if 1st CAP treatment doesn't work? - Answer-Respiratory Fluoroquinolone if not received
abx in the past 3 months
Mycoplasma pneumoniae - Answer-atypical pneumonia; commonly seen in children
pediatric atypical pneumonia treatment - Answer-Macrolides (Erythromycin), if failed then Respiratory
fluoroquinolone
CAP treatment during pregnancy - Answer-Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or Erythromycin
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in infant - Answer-Macrolide (Azithromycin): 500mg orally on day 1
followed by 250 mg once daily on days 2-5
When to use broad/empiric spectrum antibiotics? - Answer-Before cultures are resulted/ critically ill
patient after first culture obtained, based on NP knowledge of patient history, local
susceptibility/geographic location
When to use narrow spectrum antibiotics? - Answer-Used when the culture and sensitivity is resulted,
and pathogen is known.
, how to treat C.diff - Answer-Stop the antibiotic that may have caused it
1st: Vancomycin 125 mg PO QID x 10 days.
2nd: Metronidazole 500mg PO TID x 10 days
address hydration
Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff - Answer-2nd and 3rd
generation Cephalosporins
Penicillin: Cross-sensitivity reactions with which drug classes - Answer-Cephalosporins & Carbapenems
(Allergy may be mild or severe)
Safe penicillin during pregancy - Answer-Amoxicillin
patient education for Cephalosporins - Answer-Report to provider any loose stools, complete full course
of antibiotics, s/s of allergy
Cephalosporins in pregnancy - Answer-All appear safe for use
patient education for Tetracyclines - Answer-photosensitivity (wear sunscreen!), complete full course,
s/s of allergy
Tetracyclines in pregnancy - Answer-Can lead to fetal death; avoided for use
Common CAP pathogens - Answer-S. Pneumoniae (most common)
H. Influenzae (smokers/COPD)
P. Aeruginosa (CF)
CAP first line treatment - Answer-Macrolides, Doxycyline, Amoxicillin
what to give if 1st CAP treatment doesn't work? - Answer-Respiratory Fluoroquinolone if not received
abx in the past 3 months
Mycoplasma pneumoniae - Answer-atypical pneumonia; commonly seen in children
pediatric atypical pneumonia treatment - Answer-Macrolides (Erythromycin), if failed then Respiratory
fluoroquinolone
CAP treatment during pregnancy - Answer-Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or Erythromycin
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in infant - Answer-Macrolide (Azithromycin): 500mg orally on day 1
followed by 250 mg once daily on days 2-5
When to use broad/empiric spectrum antibiotics? - Answer-Before cultures are resulted/ critically ill
patient after first culture obtained, based on NP knowledge of patient history, local
susceptibility/geographic location
When to use narrow spectrum antibiotics? - Answer-Used when the culture and sensitivity is resulted,
and pathogen is known.
, how to treat C.diff - Answer-Stop the antibiotic that may have caused it
1st: Vancomycin 125 mg PO QID x 10 days.
2nd: Metronidazole 500mg PO TID x 10 days
address hydration
Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff - Answer-2nd and 3rd
generation Cephalosporins
Penicillin: Cross-sensitivity reactions with which drug classes - Answer-Cephalosporins & Carbapenems
(Allergy may be mild or severe)
Safe penicillin during pregancy - Answer-Amoxicillin
patient education for Cephalosporins - Answer-Report to provider any loose stools, complete full course
of antibiotics, s/s of allergy
Cephalosporins in pregnancy - Answer-All appear safe for use
patient education for Tetracyclines - Answer-photosensitivity (wear sunscreen!), complete full course,
s/s of allergy
Tetracyclines in pregnancy - Answer-Can lead to fetal death; avoided for use
