Hesi RN Entrance Exam Questions and Answers

Hesi RN Entrance Exam Questions and Answers 1 Inch = 2.54 centimeters Celcius to farenheit (C x 9/5)+ 32 = F 1 Mile = 1,760 yards 5,280 Feet = 1 mile 1 Yard 3 feet 1 Milliliter =.1 centimeter 1 Gallon = 4 quarts 128 Ounces =1 Gallon 1 Pint = 2 cups 1 Quarts =2 pints 1 Cups = 8 ounces 1 Ounce =30 milliliter or cubic centimeters 1 Pound =16 ounces 1 Kilogram = 2.2 pounds ENGLISH GRAMMAR Eight parts of speech Noun A word or group of words that names a person, place, thing, or idea Types of Noun 1) Common Noun:- a common name, not a specific name. Example- nurse, hospital, syringe Types of Noun 2) Proper Noun:- A specific name of a person, place, or thing. Example- Sanjay, New York, University of Colorado Types of Noun 3) Abstract Noun:- the name of quality or a general idea. Example- democracy, intelligence (human quality) Types of Noun 4) Collective Noun:- noun that represents a group of person, animal or things. Example- family, cat(including all types such as lion, tiger, domestic (pet)cat), or furniture. Pronoun Pronoun is a word that takes place of a noun or another pronoun. Example- The STUDNTS want THEIR tests graded and returned to THEM in a timely manner Personal pronoun = I, we, she, you, or him Possessive pronoun = my, mine, yours, or his NEVER CONTAINS AN APOSTROPHE Adjective A word, phrase, or clause that modifies a noun. Example- the YELLOW pencil; or She is NICE; or a BIOLOGY test. Verb A word or phrase that is used to expressed an action Example- Present: Mary works; Past: Mary worked; Future: Mary will work Adverb A word, phrase, or clause that modifies a verb, an adverb, or another adverb Example- 1) verb, the physician operates QUICKLY. 2) Adjective, The nurse wears VERY colorful uniforms. 3) other Adverb, the student scored QUITE badly on the test. Preposition A word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to some other words in the sentence. Example- in, on, after, as, around, etc. Conjunction (ABONSY) A conjunction is word that joins words, phrases, or clauses. Example- and, but, or, so, nor, for, and yet Interjection A word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation. Example- 1) YIKES, the test was hard 2) WHEW, the test was easy. NINE IMPORTANT TERMS TO UNDERSTAND 1)Predicate 2) predicate adjective 3) predicate nominative 4) sentence 5) phrase 6) clause 7) direct object 8) indirect object 9) Subject 1) Clause A clause that has combination of subject and perdicate Two types of clause 1) Independent Clause: expresses a complete thought and stand alone as a sentence. Example- THE PROFESSOR DISTRIBUTED THE EXAMINATION as soon as the students were seated. Two types of clause 2) Dependent Clause: starts with a conjunction and does not express complete thought. Example- AS SOON AS THE STUDENT WERE SEATED Conjunctions are- after, before, because, when, since, and until 2) Direct Object A direct object is a person or thing that is directly affected by the action of the verb. It answers, WHAT or WHOM Example- 1) The audience watched THE CONCERT on Saturday. The concert answers WHAT, audience watched 2) The group followed THE GUIDE step by step in the jungle. The guide answers WHOM, followed by the group 3) Indirect Object A person or thing that is indirectly affected by the action of the verb. An indirect object answers the question TO WHOM, FOR WHOM, TO WHAT, OR FOR WHAT after an action verb. Indirect object comes between the VERB and the DIRECT OBJECT. Example- The professor gave HIS CLASS the test result. 4) Phrase Is the group of words of two or more words that acts as a single part in a sentence 5) Predicate The predicate is a part of the sentence that tells what a subject does, or what is done to the subject. It includes all words and the verb that modifies the verb. 6) Predicate adjective A predicate adjective follows the linking verb and helps to explain the subject. Example- My professors are WONDERFUL. 7) Predicate nominative A predicate nominative follows the linking verb and helps to rename the subject. Example- Professors are TEACHERS. 8) Sentence A group of words that makes complete thought, and includes subject and predicate. Four types:1) Declarative, I went to the store. 2) Interrogative, asks questions and has ? mark. 3) Imperative, it makes a command or request. e.g., Go home (No subject). 4) Exclamatory, it makes exclamation. e.g., I went to the church on Sunday! 9) Subject A word, phrase, or a group of words that names whom or what the sentence is about. TEN COMMON GRAMMATICAL MISTAKES 1) Subject-verb agreement: A singular subject requires single verb, whereas the plural subject requires a plural verb. Example- The NURSES was in hurry to get to the ER (incorrect). The NURSES were in hurry to get to the ER(correct). Rule #1) When a subject is separated from the verb Find the subject and verb to compare; the rule is singular subject goes with singular verb, and plural goes with plural Rule #2) When the subject is a collective noun Such as family, community, faculty, or audience; they sound like plural while any of these act as single entity. Thus, a singular form of verb is appropriate unless the subject serves as a group. Rule #3) When the subject is compound subject When the subject contains two or more words and connected by 'and' , the verb form would be the plural. Example-The FACULTY and the STUDENTS were in the class during the biology lecture. 2) Comma use in a compound sentence A compound sentence , one that contains two or more independent clauses. Each independent clause has its own subject and predicate. * When two independent clauses are joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or, nor, use a comma before the conjunction.* Example- The professor thought the test was easy, BUT the student thought it was too hard. 3) Run-On sentence A run-on sentence occurs when two or more complete sentences are written as though they were one sentence. Example- The professor thought the test was too easy the students thought it was too hard. When two independent clauses are joined by only one comma (a comma splice); the comma could be replaced by, dash, semicolon, or colon; or adding a conjunction. 4) Pronoun Case Refers to the form of a noun or pronoun that indicates its relation to the other words in a sentence. Three types of P.case are- 1) Nominative: I, we, he, or you 2) Objective: a pronoun is placed at the end of a sentence 3) Possessive: His, hers, their, or your 5) Comma in a series A comma is used to separate three or more items in the series or a list. Example- Sanjay took nursing classes in English, biology, and chemistry. 6) Unclear and Vague Pronoun Reference An unclear pronoun or vague pronoun reference makes a sentence confusing. Example- The teacher and the student knew that SHE was wrong. it is unspecific that who was SHE. 7) Sentence Fragments Sentence fragments are incomplete sentence. Example- While students were taking the test. It is an incomplete sentence, the use of word while makes it dependent clause; so, it needs an independent clause to be completed. Corrected- While the student were taking the test, the professor walked around the classroom. 8) Misplaced Modifier The words or groups of words that are placed improperly in a sentence. Example- I fear my teaching assistant may have discarded the test I was grading in the trash can. Corrected- I fear that the test I was grading may have been discarded in the trash can by my teaching assistant. 9) Dangling Participial Phrase General rule, it is not graceful to end a sentence with a preposition When the participial phrase directly precedes or directly follows a noun that it does not modify. Example- Taking the patient 's symptoms into account, a diagnosis was made by the physician. The participial phrase always modifies the closest noun or pronoun; according to the sentence, it should modify the physician not a diagnosis. Thus, corrected one- Taking the patient's symptoms into account, the physician made a diagnosis. Fifteen Troublesome Word Pairs are described in next slides 1) Affect versus Effect Affect is usually written as a verb and meant, "to change or to influence." Example- Verb, the chemotherapy affected my daily life. Noun, the trouble teenager with the flat affect attempted suicide. As a noun, the word "affect" is an emotional response or disposition. Effect may be used as a noun or a verb. As a noun, it means " result or outcome." Example- the chemotherapy had a strange effect on me. Verb, as a result of the chemotherapy, I was able to effect a number of changes in my daily life. As a verb, it means " to bring about or accomplish." 2) Among versus Between Use among to reflect relationship involving more than two persons or things Use between to reflect relationship involving two persons or things. 3) Amount versus Number When refer to things in bulk or uncountable, use amount When refer to individual things or units which are countable, use number 4) Good versus Well Good, an adjective is used before a noun and, or after a linking verb. it modifies the subject when it used after a verb. Example-1) You did a good job 2) The girl smells good Well, an adverb is used after an object or a verb to describe someone's health. Example- 1) She plays basket ball well 2) She is getting well. 5) Bad versus Badly Use bad as an adjective before nouns and after linking verbs as same as good and well. Example- noun, he is a bad teacher. Verb, that smells bad; this type of use modifies the subject. Use badly as an adverb to modify an action verb. Example-the students behave badly in class. * Do not use badly or other adverb when using linking verbs that have to do with the senses.* 6) Bring versus Take Bring conveys to an action towards the speaker; and means to carry something from a distance to a nearer place. Example- Please BRING your textbooks to class. Take conveys to an action away from the speaker; and means to carry from a nearer place to a distant place. Example- Please TAKE your textbooks home after class 7) Can versus May (Could versus Might) Can and could imply ability or power. Example -I can make an A in that class. May and might imply permission. Example- You may leave early on Friday; or I may leave early on Monday. 8) Farther versus Further Farther refers to a measurable distance. Example- The walk to the community hall is much farther than I expected. Further refers to a figurative distance and means " to a greater degree" or "a greater extent." Example- I will have to study further to make better grades. 9) Fewer versus Less Fewer is referred to a countable number or things; and it is used with plural nouns. Example-The professor has FEWER students in his morning class than he has in his afternoon class. Less is referred to a degree or amount or things in bulk or uncountable number; and it is used always with a singular nouns. Example-Fewer patients mean less work for the staff. Also, less is used to refer a numeric figure or statistics term. Example-i) it's less than 20 mile to my work. ii) John scored less than 90 on the test. iii) Myra spent less than $200 for her cloth last month. iv) Myra is less than 5' 10) Hear versus Here Hear is a verb and meant to recognizing a sound wave through the ear. Example- Can you hear the beeping sound from the pulse oximeter. Here is most commonly used as an adverb that means "at" or "in this place." Example- The hesi examination will be here tomorrow morning. 11) i.e. versus e.g. The abbreviation i.e. means "that is." The i.e. specifies or explains. Example- I love to study biology, i.e., the science of dealing with living organisms including humans, microbes, and animals. The abbreviation e.g. provides examples. For instance, I love study biology e.g., dissection, microscopic structure of organisms, and anatomy. 12) Learn versus Teach Learn means, to receive or acquire knowledge. Example- I will learn all that I can about cardiology nursing. Teach means, to provide or give knowledge. Example- I will teach you how to convert percentage into decimals. 13) Lie versus Lay Lie means, to recline or rest. The basic parts of the verb are- lie, lay, lain, and lying. The forms of lie are never followed by any direct object. Example- i) I lie down to rest. ii) I lay down yesterday to rest. iii) I had lain down to rest. iv) I was lying down on the sofa. Lay means, to put or place. The principal parts of the verb are- lay, laid, laid, and laying. Forms of lay are followed by a direct object. Example- I) I lay the book on the table. ii) I laid the book on the table yesterday. iii) I have laid the book on the table before. iv) I am laying the book on the table now. 14) Which versus That Which is used to introduce nonessential clauses. A nonessential clause adds information to the sentence; and it does not need to make the sentence clear and meaningful. Use the comma to set off a nonessential clause. Example- The nursing home, WHICH FLOODED LAST SEPTEMBER, is down the street. That is used to introduce essential clauses. An essential clause adds information to the sentence; and it makes the sentence meaningful. Do not use comma to set off an essential clause. Example- The nursing home that was flooded last September is down the street; the other nursing home is across town. In this sentence, the phrase that flooded last September is essential because the information distinguishes the two nursing homes as the one was flooded while another one did not. 15) Who versus Whom Who and whom serve as interrogative pronouns and relative pronouns. An interrogative pronoun forms questions, whereas a relative pronoun relates groups of words to nouns or pronouns. 1) Example- i) Who is getting A in this class? ii) Juanita is the one who is getting A in this class 2) Example- i) Whom did you say win the trophy? ii) Juanita, whom the professor favors, is very bright. Use who or whoever if he, she, I, we, or they can be the substitute in the who clause. Use whom or whomever if him, her, them, us, and me can be substitute as the object of the verb or the preposition in the whom clause.