Pierce College EMS 211 Final A Study
Guide fully solved
What is cystic fibrosis? - correct answer ✔✔ A genetic disorder that affects the lungs and other
organs, characterized by difficulty breathing, coughing up sputum, and lung infections
What is Multiple sclerosis? - correct answer ✔✔ a neuromuscular disorder that results in
uncoordinated muscle movement, is caused by the damage of myelin sheath.
What is Cerebral palsy? - correct answer ✔✔ A group of disorders characterized by poorly
controlled body movement.
Explain the physiology behind the lung sound wheezing and match it with a respiratory
illness/condition. - correct answer ✔✔ A high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most
prominent on expiration, and which suggests an obstruction or narrowing of the lower airways;
occurs in asthma, bronchiolitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Explain the physiology behind the lung sound rhonchi and match it with a respiratory
illness/condition. - correct answer ✔✔ Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients
with chronic mucus in the upper airways. Associated with COPD, Pneumonia, and Bronchitis.
Explain the physiology behind the lung sound crackles and match it with a respiratory
illness/condition. - correct answer ✔✔ Crackling, rattling breath sounds signaling fluid in the air
spaces of the lungs; formerly called rales. occurs in asthma, bronchiolitis, and chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease.
Explain the physiology behind the lung sound "silent chest" and match it with a respiratory
illness/condition. - correct answer ✔✔ When a patient's lungs tighten during an asthma attack
,they may tighten so much that there is not enough air movement to produce wheezing.
Respiratory illness associated with this lack of sound is severe asthma.
What is the hypoxic drive? What type of patients will you expect to encounter with this
condition? - correct answer ✔✔ a condition in which chronically low levels of oxygen in the
blood stimulate the respiratory drive; seen in patients with chronic lung diseases like COPD and
asthma.
What is considered the pacemaker of the heart? - correct answer ✔✔ the Sinus Node that is in
the top right of the heart and sends an electrical impulse across the heart that allows the heart
to pump blood throughout the body.
What 2 EKG rhythms will an AED advise to shock and why? - correct answer ✔✔ it will shock a
heart that is experiencing a Ventricular fibrillation (disorganized quivering of the ventricles) and
Ventricular tachycardia ( rapid heart rhythm, electrical impulse starts in the ventricles instead of
the atrium). It will shock these rhythms to try and reset the heart and put it back into a normal
rhythm that will allow adequate blood flow.
What two EKG rhythms will an AED advise to shock? - correct answer ✔✔ Ventricular
fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia.
Explain the 'normal' pathway of an electrical impulse through the heart - correct answer ✔✔
Starts in the sinus node in the RU atrium, travels across both atria making both contract. Then
travels across a bridge between the atria and ventricles called Atrioventricular node. Then it is
slowed to allow blood to pass through the atria and ventricles followed by the current passing
through both ventricles via the right and left bundle branches and the purkinje fibers.
https://images.app.goo.gl/ALGtPXLTvn1oFW3x5
What is important to remember about febrile seizures? - correct answer ✔✔ Febrile seizures
are seizures that result from sudden high fevers, most often seen in children. Be aware that
, quickly changing the patient's body temp can lead to shock. Transport is still needed because it
needs to be evaluated and a second one may occur.
trace the route of blood through the heart - correct answer ✔✔ (1) blood enters the RA, (2)
flows through the tricuspid valve into RV, (3) pressure builds due to closing of tricuspid valve, (4)
RV squeezes blood through pulmonic valve into pulmonary artery and blood is taken into the
lungs (5) gases are exchanged and oxygenated blood is returned to the heart via pulmonary vein
(6) blood enters LA and then (7) flows through the mitral or bicuspid valve into the LV (8) then
pressure builds due to closing of mitral valve and oxygenated blood is expelled through the
aortic valve into the aorta (9) oxygenated blood is distributed throughout the body
List the signs and symptoms of a stroke. - correct answer ✔✔ - facial drooping
-sudden weakness or numbness in the face, arm, leg, or one side of the body.
-Decreased or absent movement and sensation on one side of the body.
-Lack of muscle coordination (ataxia) or lack of balance.
-Sudden vision loss in one eye, blurred or double vision.
-Difficulty swallowing (a primary reason for good airway management in a patient with a stroke)
-Decreased level of responsiveness
-Speech disorders
-Aphasia, difficulty expressing thoughts or inability to use the right words (expressive aphasia)
or difficulty understanding spoken words (receptive aphasia).
-Slurred Speech (dysarthria).
-Sudden and severe headache
-confusion
-dizziness
-weakeness
-combativeness
-restlessness
-tongue deviation
Guide fully solved
What is cystic fibrosis? - correct answer ✔✔ A genetic disorder that affects the lungs and other
organs, characterized by difficulty breathing, coughing up sputum, and lung infections
What is Multiple sclerosis? - correct answer ✔✔ a neuromuscular disorder that results in
uncoordinated muscle movement, is caused by the damage of myelin sheath.
What is Cerebral palsy? - correct answer ✔✔ A group of disorders characterized by poorly
controlled body movement.
Explain the physiology behind the lung sound wheezing and match it with a respiratory
illness/condition. - correct answer ✔✔ A high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most
prominent on expiration, and which suggests an obstruction or narrowing of the lower airways;
occurs in asthma, bronchiolitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Explain the physiology behind the lung sound rhonchi and match it with a respiratory
illness/condition. - correct answer ✔✔ Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients
with chronic mucus in the upper airways. Associated with COPD, Pneumonia, and Bronchitis.
Explain the physiology behind the lung sound crackles and match it with a respiratory
illness/condition. - correct answer ✔✔ Crackling, rattling breath sounds signaling fluid in the air
spaces of the lungs; formerly called rales. occurs in asthma, bronchiolitis, and chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease.
Explain the physiology behind the lung sound "silent chest" and match it with a respiratory
illness/condition. - correct answer ✔✔ When a patient's lungs tighten during an asthma attack
,they may tighten so much that there is not enough air movement to produce wheezing.
Respiratory illness associated with this lack of sound is severe asthma.
What is the hypoxic drive? What type of patients will you expect to encounter with this
condition? - correct answer ✔✔ a condition in which chronically low levels of oxygen in the
blood stimulate the respiratory drive; seen in patients with chronic lung diseases like COPD and
asthma.
What is considered the pacemaker of the heart? - correct answer ✔✔ the Sinus Node that is in
the top right of the heart and sends an electrical impulse across the heart that allows the heart
to pump blood throughout the body.
What 2 EKG rhythms will an AED advise to shock and why? - correct answer ✔✔ it will shock a
heart that is experiencing a Ventricular fibrillation (disorganized quivering of the ventricles) and
Ventricular tachycardia ( rapid heart rhythm, electrical impulse starts in the ventricles instead of
the atrium). It will shock these rhythms to try and reset the heart and put it back into a normal
rhythm that will allow adequate blood flow.
What two EKG rhythms will an AED advise to shock? - correct answer ✔✔ Ventricular
fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia.
Explain the 'normal' pathway of an electrical impulse through the heart - correct answer ✔✔
Starts in the sinus node in the RU atrium, travels across both atria making both contract. Then
travels across a bridge between the atria and ventricles called Atrioventricular node. Then it is
slowed to allow blood to pass through the atria and ventricles followed by the current passing
through both ventricles via the right and left bundle branches and the purkinje fibers.
https://images.app.goo.gl/ALGtPXLTvn1oFW3x5
What is important to remember about febrile seizures? - correct answer ✔✔ Febrile seizures
are seizures that result from sudden high fevers, most often seen in children. Be aware that
, quickly changing the patient's body temp can lead to shock. Transport is still needed because it
needs to be evaluated and a second one may occur.
trace the route of blood through the heart - correct answer ✔✔ (1) blood enters the RA, (2)
flows through the tricuspid valve into RV, (3) pressure builds due to closing of tricuspid valve, (4)
RV squeezes blood through pulmonic valve into pulmonary artery and blood is taken into the
lungs (5) gases are exchanged and oxygenated blood is returned to the heart via pulmonary vein
(6) blood enters LA and then (7) flows through the mitral or bicuspid valve into the LV (8) then
pressure builds due to closing of mitral valve and oxygenated blood is expelled through the
aortic valve into the aorta (9) oxygenated blood is distributed throughout the body
List the signs and symptoms of a stroke. - correct answer ✔✔ - facial drooping
-sudden weakness or numbness in the face, arm, leg, or one side of the body.
-Decreased or absent movement and sensation on one side of the body.
-Lack of muscle coordination (ataxia) or lack of balance.
-Sudden vision loss in one eye, blurred or double vision.
-Difficulty swallowing (a primary reason for good airway management in a patient with a stroke)
-Decreased level of responsiveness
-Speech disorders
-Aphasia, difficulty expressing thoughts or inability to use the right words (expressive aphasia)
or difficulty understanding spoken words (receptive aphasia).
-Slurred Speech (dysarthria).
-Sudden and severe headache
-confusion
-dizziness
-weakeness
-combativeness
-restlessness
-tongue deviation
