TANZANIA
Originally called – Tanganyika, became independent in 1961
Britain set up a system of political administration which gave some
preparation for independence.
In the 1920s the British set up 'native authorities' which gave some
administrative powers, such as tax collection and responsibility for law and
order, to local chiefs.
After 1945 some African representatives were appointed to the central
Legislative Council.
In the early 1950s the local (native authorities' under chiefs were replaced
with local government administrations which included Western-educated
Africans.
These institutions were all under the control of the colonial government and
were not enough to satisfy the demands of African nationalists in TANU, but
these reforms left a legacy of some African administrative experience in the
new state.
By contrast the Belgian colonial system in the Congo gave almost no political
opportunities for Africans
At the time of independence – Tanganyika was one of the least developed
When general elections were finally held in 1960, TANU won the elections,
and in 1961 Tanzania became independent under a TANU government.
TANU won all the parliamentary seats, except one
The Tanganyika African National Union (TANU)
Julius Nyerere was a middleclass teacher – one of the very few educated to
university level
From 1964 the party was called Tanzania African National Union.
1964 Nyerere proposed that Tanzania officially become a one-party state
after the 1966 elections
In 1964 – united w/Zanzibar to form Tanzania
After 1966 elections – Tanzania officially became a one-party state, but
elections were held to appoint members of parliament between 1966 and
1980
This ensured political stability as well as political accountability
1960’s and 1970’s – political unity, TANU (Tanzania African National Union)
had led struggle for independence
Under leadership of Julius Nyerere – Tanzania adopted a system of African
socialism with had both political and economic goals for the new state
First few years no socialist policies
Nyerere not democratic, he ruled his party in an authoritarian way and
imposed a one-party system on the country First 5 years
Adopted welfare and development programmes from colonial era (like most
newly independent states), British civil servants remained behind to help train
African replacements
Attempts to expand education and promote entrepreneurship
Co-operatives set up so that peasants could control marketing of their crops
Originally called – Tanganyika, became independent in 1961
Britain set up a system of political administration which gave some
preparation for independence.
In the 1920s the British set up 'native authorities' which gave some
administrative powers, such as tax collection and responsibility for law and
order, to local chiefs.
After 1945 some African representatives were appointed to the central
Legislative Council.
In the early 1950s the local (native authorities' under chiefs were replaced
with local government administrations which included Western-educated
Africans.
These institutions were all under the control of the colonial government and
were not enough to satisfy the demands of African nationalists in TANU, but
these reforms left a legacy of some African administrative experience in the
new state.
By contrast the Belgian colonial system in the Congo gave almost no political
opportunities for Africans
At the time of independence – Tanganyika was one of the least developed
When general elections were finally held in 1960, TANU won the elections,
and in 1961 Tanzania became independent under a TANU government.
TANU won all the parliamentary seats, except one
The Tanganyika African National Union (TANU)
Julius Nyerere was a middleclass teacher – one of the very few educated to
university level
From 1964 the party was called Tanzania African National Union.
1964 Nyerere proposed that Tanzania officially become a one-party state
after the 1966 elections
In 1964 – united w/Zanzibar to form Tanzania
After 1966 elections – Tanzania officially became a one-party state, but
elections were held to appoint members of parliament between 1966 and
1980
This ensured political stability as well as political accountability
1960’s and 1970’s – political unity, TANU (Tanzania African National Union)
had led struggle for independence
Under leadership of Julius Nyerere – Tanzania adopted a system of African
socialism with had both political and economic goals for the new state
First few years no socialist policies
Nyerere not democratic, he ruled his party in an authoritarian way and
imposed a one-party system on the country First 5 years
Adopted welfare and development programmes from colonial era (like most
newly independent states), British civil servants remained behind to help train
African replacements
Attempts to expand education and promote entrepreneurship
Co-operatives set up so that peasants could control marketing of their crops
