MSN 570-ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS,AND ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% CORRECT
what type of posturing exists when when a person when a person with a severe closed head injury has
all four extremeties in rigid extension with the forearms in hyperpronation and the legs in plantar
extension decerebrate
a patient has a disorder affecting ventricular depolarization. what EKG finding would the healthcare
professional associate with this condition?
prolonged QRS
pa pt has pulmonary edema. for what condition should the healthcare provider assess the pt for as the
priority?
L sided heart failure bronchiolitis tends to occur the first years of life and is most often
caused by what condition?
RSV
which term is used to identify the movement of gas and air into and out of the lungs?
ventilation
a pt reports needing to sit up at night in order to breathe. what term does the healthcare professional
document about this condition?
orthopnea besides dyspnea, what it the most common characteristic associated with
pulmonary disease?
cough what normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary
system?
stiffening of the chest wall
occlusion of the left anterior descending artery during a MI would interrupt blood supply to which
structure?
left and right ventricles and much of the interventricular septum what type of
pulmonary disease requires more force to expire a volume of air?
obstructive what factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with
hypertension?
angiotensin 2 what is the functional unit of the
kidney called?
,nephron
how many stools per day is considered the upper limits of normal?
three bacteria gain access to the female urinary tract by which
means?
bacteria ascending the urethra into the bladder
a patient's urinalysis came back + for glucose. what does the healthcare professional ex[ect the patients
blood glucose to be at a minimum?
180mg/dl which hormone is synthesized and secreted by
the kidneys?
erythropoietin the most common clinical manifestation of portal hypertension is what
type of bleeding?
esophageal a pt has bleeding of the rectum. How does the healthcare professional document
this finding? hematochezia
a pt has been admitted for a possible small intestinal obstruction. what is the first sign the healthcare
professional assesses for that would indicate the presence of this condition?
distension what renal change is found in
older adults?
decrease in nephrons
A healthcare professional reads in the patient's chart and notes the patient has
Cheyne-Stokes respirations. What clinical finding would the professional correlate
with this condition?
d. Crescendo-decrescendo pattern of breathing, followed by a period of apnea
A healthcare professional advises a pregnant woman to add supplements of which
nutrient to her diet to prevent birth defects?
folate
When comparing the effects of acute and chronic pain on an individual, chronic pain
is more often what?
a factor that contributes to depression
Rhabdomyosarcoma can develop in which type of muscle?
, striated
A herniation of which disk will likely result in motor and sensory changes of the lateral
lower legs and soles of the feet?
L5 to S1
Clinical manifestations of posterolateral protrusions include radicular pain exacerbated by
movement and straining (medial calf suggests L5; lateral calf suggests S1 root
compression). L2 to L3 herniation would result in radicular pain in the anterior middle
thigh and knee. L3 to L5 would manifest as pain in the knee and the bilateral calf. An S2 to
S3 herniation would be characterized with pain on the upper posterior thigh going down
to the distal portion of the calf, just proximal to the ankle.
What is the tear in a ligament referred to as?
sprain
Ligament tears are commonly known as sprains. A fracture is a break in a bone. A strain is an injury to a
tendon or muscle. Disunion is when bones do not heal together properly after a fracture.
What does the student learn about the pain experienced with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?
Knee, inner thigh, and groin pain is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest
Which would be considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
Auditory hallucinations
Positive symptoms frequently occur during a psychotic episode, when an individual loses touch with
reality and experiences something that should be absent (e.g., hallucinations). The remaining options
are classified as negative symptoms.
How does angiotensin II increase the workload of the heart after a myocardial infarction (MI)?
By increasing the peripheral vasoconstriction
What is the initial manifestation of aortic coarctation observed in a neonate?
Heart failure (HF)
What is the trigger for angina pectoris?
Myocardial ischemia
Kussmaul respirations as a respiratory pattern may be associated with which characteristic(s)?
Slightly increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes, and no expiratory pause
Where in the lung does gas exchange occur?
QUESTIONS,AND ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% CORRECT
what type of posturing exists when when a person when a person with a severe closed head injury has
all four extremeties in rigid extension with the forearms in hyperpronation and the legs in plantar
extension decerebrate
a patient has a disorder affecting ventricular depolarization. what EKG finding would the healthcare
professional associate with this condition?
prolonged QRS
pa pt has pulmonary edema. for what condition should the healthcare provider assess the pt for as the
priority?
L sided heart failure bronchiolitis tends to occur the first years of life and is most often
caused by what condition?
RSV
which term is used to identify the movement of gas and air into and out of the lungs?
ventilation
a pt reports needing to sit up at night in order to breathe. what term does the healthcare professional
document about this condition?
orthopnea besides dyspnea, what it the most common characteristic associated with
pulmonary disease?
cough what normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary
system?
stiffening of the chest wall
occlusion of the left anterior descending artery during a MI would interrupt blood supply to which
structure?
left and right ventricles and much of the interventricular septum what type of
pulmonary disease requires more force to expire a volume of air?
obstructive what factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with
hypertension?
angiotensin 2 what is the functional unit of the
kidney called?
,nephron
how many stools per day is considered the upper limits of normal?
three bacteria gain access to the female urinary tract by which
means?
bacteria ascending the urethra into the bladder
a patient's urinalysis came back + for glucose. what does the healthcare professional ex[ect the patients
blood glucose to be at a minimum?
180mg/dl which hormone is synthesized and secreted by
the kidneys?
erythropoietin the most common clinical manifestation of portal hypertension is what
type of bleeding?
esophageal a pt has bleeding of the rectum. How does the healthcare professional document
this finding? hematochezia
a pt has been admitted for a possible small intestinal obstruction. what is the first sign the healthcare
professional assesses for that would indicate the presence of this condition?
distension what renal change is found in
older adults?
decrease in nephrons
A healthcare professional reads in the patient's chart and notes the patient has
Cheyne-Stokes respirations. What clinical finding would the professional correlate
with this condition?
d. Crescendo-decrescendo pattern of breathing, followed by a period of apnea
A healthcare professional advises a pregnant woman to add supplements of which
nutrient to her diet to prevent birth defects?
folate
When comparing the effects of acute and chronic pain on an individual, chronic pain
is more often what?
a factor that contributes to depression
Rhabdomyosarcoma can develop in which type of muscle?
, striated
A herniation of which disk will likely result in motor and sensory changes of the lateral
lower legs and soles of the feet?
L5 to S1
Clinical manifestations of posterolateral protrusions include radicular pain exacerbated by
movement and straining (medial calf suggests L5; lateral calf suggests S1 root
compression). L2 to L3 herniation would result in radicular pain in the anterior middle
thigh and knee. L3 to L5 would manifest as pain in the knee and the bilateral calf. An S2 to
S3 herniation would be characterized with pain on the upper posterior thigh going down
to the distal portion of the calf, just proximal to the ankle.
What is the tear in a ligament referred to as?
sprain
Ligament tears are commonly known as sprains. A fracture is a break in a bone. A strain is an injury to a
tendon or muscle. Disunion is when bones do not heal together properly after a fracture.
What does the student learn about the pain experienced with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?
Knee, inner thigh, and groin pain is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest
Which would be considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
Auditory hallucinations
Positive symptoms frequently occur during a psychotic episode, when an individual loses touch with
reality and experiences something that should be absent (e.g., hallucinations). The remaining options
are classified as negative symptoms.
How does angiotensin II increase the workload of the heart after a myocardial infarction (MI)?
By increasing the peripheral vasoconstriction
What is the initial manifestation of aortic coarctation observed in a neonate?
Heart failure (HF)
What is the trigger for angina pectoris?
Myocardial ischemia
Kussmaul respirations as a respiratory pattern may be associated with which characteristic(s)?
Slightly increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes, and no expiratory pause
Where in the lung does gas exchange occur?
