PN 4006 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. Colonization No S&S of illness
2. infection Organism gets past host defenses
and becomes a pathogen causing disease
3. epidemic Periodic occurrence of a disease attecting large numbers of people
4. tuberculosis *Infectious agent : Mycobacterium tuberculosis
*An acid fast aerobic rod
*Grows slowly after exposure (incubation is 2-12 weeks)
*Sensitive to heat and UV raysCan lay dormant in the body for years
5. risk factors for TB * Exposure
* Immunosuppressed
*Substance abuse
* Poor living conditions with overcrowding and limited access to health care
* History of inadequate treatment
6. s/s of TB * Insidious
* Low grade fever
* Cough longer than 3 weeks: non-productive, mucopurulent, or blood tinged
* Night sweats Weight loss Later: chest pain Fatigue
7. Tx for TB * On meds for 6-12 months (compliance an issue) INH (isoniazid)
* Rifampin
* Pyrazinamide (vitamin B6)
* Streptomycin
* Ethambutol
* After 2-3 weeks and 3 neg. sputum smears pt is considered non-infectious, the
patient must continue medications for the remaining 6-12 months
8. protective mea-
sures for TB
, * N95 respirator mask
* Negative pressure isolation room
* Gowns and gloves if the patient is coughing (as per standard precautions)
9. MRSA Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; an infectious disease caused by a
pathogen that is resistant to many antibiotics
10. risk factors of * Elderly, very sick or immunosuppressed
MRSA * Open wounds
* Tubes
* Receiving broad-spectrum abx
* ICU or burn unit
* Injection drug users
* Crowded living conditions
11. MRSA transmis- direct and indirect contact
sion Can live on hands for 3 hours
12. MRSA TX vancomycin
13. protective mea- * Private room or cohorts
sures for MRSA * Gowns & appropriate use of Gloves
* Mask if MRSA in sputum
* Dedicated equipment
* Hand washing
* Treatment: Vancomycin (IV), Chlorhexidine soap, Mupiricin ointment
14. VRE vancomycin resistant enterococcus
15. VRE facts * Enterococcus: bacterium that normally lives in the bowel
* VRE: a resistant enterococci to most antibiotics used to treat it
* Can live on the skin and infect wounds, the blood and urine
* Lives on surfaces for weeks
1. Colonization No S&S of illness
2. infection Organism gets past host defenses
and becomes a pathogen causing disease
3. epidemic Periodic occurrence of a disease attecting large numbers of people
4. tuberculosis *Infectious agent : Mycobacterium tuberculosis
*An acid fast aerobic rod
*Grows slowly after exposure (incubation is 2-12 weeks)
*Sensitive to heat and UV raysCan lay dormant in the body for years
5. risk factors for TB * Exposure
* Immunosuppressed
*Substance abuse
* Poor living conditions with overcrowding and limited access to health care
* History of inadequate treatment
6. s/s of TB * Insidious
* Low grade fever
* Cough longer than 3 weeks: non-productive, mucopurulent, or blood tinged
* Night sweats Weight loss Later: chest pain Fatigue
7. Tx for TB * On meds for 6-12 months (compliance an issue) INH (isoniazid)
* Rifampin
* Pyrazinamide (vitamin B6)
* Streptomycin
* Ethambutol
* After 2-3 weeks and 3 neg. sputum smears pt is considered non-infectious, the
patient must continue medications for the remaining 6-12 months
8. protective mea-
sures for TB
, * N95 respirator mask
* Negative pressure isolation room
* Gowns and gloves if the patient is coughing (as per standard precautions)
9. MRSA Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; an infectious disease caused by a
pathogen that is resistant to many antibiotics
10. risk factors of * Elderly, very sick or immunosuppressed
MRSA * Open wounds
* Tubes
* Receiving broad-spectrum abx
* ICU or burn unit
* Injection drug users
* Crowded living conditions
11. MRSA transmis- direct and indirect contact
sion Can live on hands for 3 hours
12. MRSA TX vancomycin
13. protective mea- * Private room or cohorts
sures for MRSA * Gowns & appropriate use of Gloves
* Mask if MRSA in sputum
* Dedicated equipment
* Hand washing
* Treatment: Vancomycin (IV), Chlorhexidine soap, Mupiricin ointment
14. VRE vancomycin resistant enterococcus
15. VRE facts * Enterococcus: bacterium that normally lives in the bowel
* VRE: a resistant enterococci to most antibiotics used to treat it
* Can live on the skin and infect wounds, the blood and urine
* Lives on surfaces for weeks
