ACOG Practice Bulletin: Postpartum
Hemorrhage Management UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Postpartum Hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER - Cumulative blood loss ≥ 1,000 mL
post-birth.
Maternal Mortality - CORRECT ANSWER - Leading cause of maternal death globally.
Hypovolemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Condition of decreased blood volume in
circulation.
Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - Severe lung condition
following significant blood loss.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - CORRECT ANSWER - Disorder causing
abnormal blood clotting and bleeding.
Acute Renal Failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Sudden loss of kidney function post-
hemorrhage.
Sheehan Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - Pituitary necrosis due to severe blood loss.
Severe Maternal Morbidity - CORRECT ANSWER - Serious complications from
postpartum hemorrhage.
Atony - CORRECT ANSWER - Uterine muscle failure leading to hemorrhage.
,Transfusion Rate Increase - CORRECT ANSWER - Higher blood transfusion rates reduce
maternal mortality.
Peripartum Hysterectomy - CORRECT ANSWER - Surgical removal of uterus during or
after delivery.
Blood Loss Estimation - CORRECT ANSWER - Visual assessment of blood loss, often
inaccurate.
Hematocrit Decrease - CORRECT ANSWER - 10% drop previously used to define
hemorrhage.
ACOG Definition - CORRECT ANSWER - Postpartum hemorrhage includes intrapartum
blood loss.
Vaginal Delivery Blood Loss - CORRECT ANSWER - Abnormal if > 500 mL after
vaginal birth.
Cesarean Delivery Blood Loss - CORRECT ANSWER - Abnormal if > 1,000 mL after
cesarean birth.
Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER - Increased heart rate indicating potential blood loss.
Hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER - Low blood pressure, often due to hemorrhage.
Total Blood Volume - CORRECT ANSWER - Approx. 6,000 mL in an average adult.
Blood Volume Loss Indicator - CORRECT ANSWER - 25% loss indicates serious
hemorrhage risk.
,Mortality Rate - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.7 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2009.
Standardized Care Bundles - CORRECT ANSWER - Protocols for managing postpartum
hemorrhage.
Risk Factors - CORRECT ANSWER - Identifiable elements increasing likelihood of
hemorrhage.
Postpartum Hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER - Excessive bleeding after childbirth.
Uterine Atony - CORRECT ANSWER - Most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage.
Differential Diagnosis - CORRECT ANSWER - Process of identifying possible causes of
bleeding.
Uterine Massage - CORRECT ANSWER - Technique to stimulate uterine contraction.
Bimanual Compression - CORRECT ANSWER - Manual technique to control uterine
bleeding.
Uterotonic Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER - Medications to promote uterine contractions.
Maternal Trauma - CORRECT ANSWER - Injuries indicated by lacerations or
hematomas.
Retention of Placental Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER - Presence of leftover placenta
diagnosed manually.
, Manual Examination - CORRECT ANSWER - Physical assessment to check uterine
cavity.
Bedside Ultrasonography - CORRECT ANSWER - Imaging to visualize uterine contents.
Thrombin - CORRECT ANSWER - Indicator to evaluate coagulation status.
Clotting Factors Replacement - CORRECT ANSWER - Therapy to correct abnormal
coagulation.
Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER - Occurs within 24 hours of
delivery.
Secondary Postpartum Hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER - Occurs 24 hours to 12
weeks postpartum.
4 Ts Mnemonic - CORRECT ANSWER - Tone, trauma, tissue, thrombin for bleeding
causes.
Uterine Inversion - CORRECT ANSWER - Uterus turns inside out, causing bleeding.
Subinvolution of Placental Site - CORRECT ANSWER - Delayed return of uterus to
normal size.
Retained Products of Conception - CORRECT ANSWER - Leftover tissue post-delivery
causing bleeding.
Inherited Coagulation Defects - CORRECT ANSWER - Genetic disorders affecting blood
clotting.
Hemorrhage Management UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Postpartum Hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER - Cumulative blood loss ≥ 1,000 mL
post-birth.
Maternal Mortality - CORRECT ANSWER - Leading cause of maternal death globally.
Hypovolemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Condition of decreased blood volume in
circulation.
Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - Severe lung condition
following significant blood loss.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - CORRECT ANSWER - Disorder causing
abnormal blood clotting and bleeding.
Acute Renal Failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Sudden loss of kidney function post-
hemorrhage.
Sheehan Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - Pituitary necrosis due to severe blood loss.
Severe Maternal Morbidity - CORRECT ANSWER - Serious complications from
postpartum hemorrhage.
Atony - CORRECT ANSWER - Uterine muscle failure leading to hemorrhage.
,Transfusion Rate Increase - CORRECT ANSWER - Higher blood transfusion rates reduce
maternal mortality.
Peripartum Hysterectomy - CORRECT ANSWER - Surgical removal of uterus during or
after delivery.
Blood Loss Estimation - CORRECT ANSWER - Visual assessment of blood loss, often
inaccurate.
Hematocrit Decrease - CORRECT ANSWER - 10% drop previously used to define
hemorrhage.
ACOG Definition - CORRECT ANSWER - Postpartum hemorrhage includes intrapartum
blood loss.
Vaginal Delivery Blood Loss - CORRECT ANSWER - Abnormal if > 500 mL after
vaginal birth.
Cesarean Delivery Blood Loss - CORRECT ANSWER - Abnormal if > 1,000 mL after
cesarean birth.
Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER - Increased heart rate indicating potential blood loss.
Hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER - Low blood pressure, often due to hemorrhage.
Total Blood Volume - CORRECT ANSWER - Approx. 6,000 mL in an average adult.
Blood Volume Loss Indicator - CORRECT ANSWER - 25% loss indicates serious
hemorrhage risk.
,Mortality Rate - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.7 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2009.
Standardized Care Bundles - CORRECT ANSWER - Protocols for managing postpartum
hemorrhage.
Risk Factors - CORRECT ANSWER - Identifiable elements increasing likelihood of
hemorrhage.
Postpartum Hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER - Excessive bleeding after childbirth.
Uterine Atony - CORRECT ANSWER - Most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage.
Differential Diagnosis - CORRECT ANSWER - Process of identifying possible causes of
bleeding.
Uterine Massage - CORRECT ANSWER - Technique to stimulate uterine contraction.
Bimanual Compression - CORRECT ANSWER - Manual technique to control uterine
bleeding.
Uterotonic Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER - Medications to promote uterine contractions.
Maternal Trauma - CORRECT ANSWER - Injuries indicated by lacerations or
hematomas.
Retention of Placental Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER - Presence of leftover placenta
diagnosed manually.
, Manual Examination - CORRECT ANSWER - Physical assessment to check uterine
cavity.
Bedside Ultrasonography - CORRECT ANSWER - Imaging to visualize uterine contents.
Thrombin - CORRECT ANSWER - Indicator to evaluate coagulation status.
Clotting Factors Replacement - CORRECT ANSWER - Therapy to correct abnormal
coagulation.
Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER - Occurs within 24 hours of
delivery.
Secondary Postpartum Hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER - Occurs 24 hours to 12
weeks postpartum.
4 Ts Mnemonic - CORRECT ANSWER - Tone, trauma, tissue, thrombin for bleeding
causes.
Uterine Inversion - CORRECT ANSWER - Uterus turns inside out, causing bleeding.
Subinvolution of Placental Site - CORRECT ANSWER - Delayed return of uterus to
normal size.
Retained Products of Conception - CORRECT ANSWER - Leftover tissue post-delivery
causing bleeding.
Inherited Coagulation Defects - CORRECT ANSWER - Genetic disorders affecting blood
clotting.
