BIO 370 exam 1 questions well
answers graded A+
irreducible complexity - correct answer ✔✔ complex biological structures evolve from individual
components
biological evolution - correct answer ✔✔ an inherited change in a group of organisms through
time
Aristotle - correct answer ✔✔ scala naturae "great chain of being"
Carl Linnaeus - correct answer ✔✔ founder of modern taxonomy; systema naturae; kingdom,
phylum, class, order, family, genus, species; "genus species" naming
Charles Darwin - correct answer ✔✔ "origin of species", one long argument for evolution
Jean Baptise Lamarck - correct answer ✔✔ inheritance of acquired characteristics; thought
acquired characteristics could be passed on
Alfred Russel Wallace - correct answer ✔✔ independently developed notion of natural selection
and species change
phylogeny - correct answer ✔✔ evolutionary history of a group (a.k.a genealogy)
natural selection - correct answer ✔✔ nonrandom survival and reproduction of
phenotypes/genotypes; nonrandom correlation b/w phenotype/genotype and fitness;
backward not forward looking- often decreases variation
, microevolution - correct answer ✔✔ change over time in species within populations
macroevolution - correct answer ✔✔ descent w/ modification; novel forms of life come from
earlier forms of life over long periods of time
speciation - correct answer ✔✔ ancestral species give rise to to distinct descendant species
artificial selection - correct answer ✔✔ selection by humans of a chosen trait in "captive"
populations
homology - correct answer ✔✔ shared feature inherited from common ancestor that look the
same but function differently; proves common ancestry
vestigal organ - correct answer ✔✔ occurring in a rudimentary state, as a result of an
evolutionary reduction from a more elaborated, function character in an ancestor; supports
notion that species have changed through time
adaptation - correct answer ✔✔ traits that optimize survivorship and reproduction; "perfected"
through natural selection
convergence - correct answer ✔✔ independently evolved solution to a similar problem (ex:
peacocks and peacock spiders)
homoplasy - correct answer ✔✔ similarity in characters found in different species due to
convergent evolution, parallelism, or reversal- not common descent ; "analogous characters"
suboptimal design - correct answer ✔✔ organisms can't evolve new traits from scratch, new
traits must be modifications of old ones
answers graded A+
irreducible complexity - correct answer ✔✔ complex biological structures evolve from individual
components
biological evolution - correct answer ✔✔ an inherited change in a group of organisms through
time
Aristotle - correct answer ✔✔ scala naturae "great chain of being"
Carl Linnaeus - correct answer ✔✔ founder of modern taxonomy; systema naturae; kingdom,
phylum, class, order, family, genus, species; "genus species" naming
Charles Darwin - correct answer ✔✔ "origin of species", one long argument for evolution
Jean Baptise Lamarck - correct answer ✔✔ inheritance of acquired characteristics; thought
acquired characteristics could be passed on
Alfred Russel Wallace - correct answer ✔✔ independently developed notion of natural selection
and species change
phylogeny - correct answer ✔✔ evolutionary history of a group (a.k.a genealogy)
natural selection - correct answer ✔✔ nonrandom survival and reproduction of
phenotypes/genotypes; nonrandom correlation b/w phenotype/genotype and fitness;
backward not forward looking- often decreases variation
, microevolution - correct answer ✔✔ change over time in species within populations
macroevolution - correct answer ✔✔ descent w/ modification; novel forms of life come from
earlier forms of life over long periods of time
speciation - correct answer ✔✔ ancestral species give rise to to distinct descendant species
artificial selection - correct answer ✔✔ selection by humans of a chosen trait in "captive"
populations
homology - correct answer ✔✔ shared feature inherited from common ancestor that look the
same but function differently; proves common ancestry
vestigal organ - correct answer ✔✔ occurring in a rudimentary state, as a result of an
evolutionary reduction from a more elaborated, function character in an ancestor; supports
notion that species have changed through time
adaptation - correct answer ✔✔ traits that optimize survivorship and reproduction; "perfected"
through natural selection
convergence - correct answer ✔✔ independently evolved solution to a similar problem (ex:
peacocks and peacock spiders)
homoplasy - correct answer ✔✔ similarity in characters found in different species due to
convergent evolution, parallelism, or reversal- not common descent ; "analogous characters"
suboptimal design - correct answer ✔✔ organisms can't evolve new traits from scratch, new
traits must be modifications of old ones
