1
JUST-IN-TIME: TOURISM Grade 12
SECTION B
QUESTION 2: MAP WORK AND TOUR PLANNING
Itinerary • The itinerary specifies all aspects of a traveller’s programme day by day
• The itinerary indicates the planned activities, accommodation, meals,
transport and optional excursions.
World Health • A specialised agency of the United Nations Organisation and its main
Organisation concern is public health
• It provides support to countries and monitors global health trends
Vaccination • A vaccination is a preparation injected into the blood stream to
stimulate a protective immune response.
• A vaccination prevents a person from being infected with the disease if
they do come into contact with it
Compulsory • Are regulated (by the World Health Organisation) according to
vaccination identified threats found in some countries
• To contain the spreading of a high-risk disease
Recommended • A precautionary measure to ensure the health of individual tourists and
vaccination are optional
Malaria • Take preventive medicines
precautions • Apply insect repellent to exposed skin
• Close windows and doors at night unless they are screened
• Sleep under a mosquito net
• Wear long-sleeved tops, trousers and socks when going outdoors during
the evening.
Valid passport • A document issued by a national government that certifies the identity
(name, date of birth, gender and place of birth) and nationality of its
holder.
Visa • A stamp endorsed in the applicant’s passport giving the holder
permission to travel to, enter, transit or remain in a foreign country
Health certificate • A health certificate is a statement signed by a health-care provider
(such as a doctor) that proves the health of the bearer of the certificate.
• The health certificate is a booklet that travellers must produce as proof
that they have had the necessary vaccinations required to enter a
country.
International • Permits a tourist to drive in a foreign country
Driver’s Permit • Provides important information to validate the South African driver's
(IDP) license in many different languages.
• Car rental companies often request a valid IDP when driving abroad
Duty free goods • Duty free goods are goods that have been purchased at a duty-free
shop on which the tourist will not pay tax at customs
Prohibited goods • Prohibited goods are goods that, according to the law, may not be
brought into a country.
Green channel • The green channel is a route located in the customs area of an
international airport for passengers who have nothing to declare (those
who are carrying goods that are within the customs limits only/not
carrying prohibited items).
ECDOE Just-in-time Tourism Gr 12
, 2
Red channel • The red channel is a route located in the customs area of an
international airport for passengers with goods to declare (those who
are carrying items above the permitted customs limit and/or carrying
prohibited items).
To declare • To state officially the goods that you have brought into a country at
customs.
Daylight Savings A practice of turning the clock one hour ahead of standard time at the
Time beginning of summer to gain extra daylight hours
Advantage of DST:
• More daylight time available to spend outdoors
• More time to participate in leisure activities, e.g. shopping
• Attractions opened for longer hours
Time Zone A region of the Earth where all the countries have adopted the same
standard time
Steps to follow 1. Locate the places on a world time zone map and determine their time
when doing time zones. The world time zone map is colour coded. This means that the
zone calculations: white/grey areas on the top of the map correspond with the colour of the
country.
2. Determine the number of hours difference between the TWO places.
3. Decide if you must add (going east) or subtract (going west) the number
of hours.
4. Add/subtract the number of hours and give the answer using the 24-hour
clock. Remember to include the day or date.
5. If the calculation requires DST, first add ONE hour to the time zone of the
place that uses DST. [If New York (-5) is used in the calculation, the time
zone should be adjusted by adding ONE hour, taking New York to -4]. Then
do the calculation as usual.
6. Calculations with flying time:
If you want to determine the arrival time ADD the flying time
If you want to determine the departure time SUBTRACT the flying time
Jet lag Jet lag is a physical condition related to flying long distances over many time
zones (flying from east to west or west to east). It is related to the number
of time zones a traveller crosses and not to the length of the flight.
SYMPTOMS OF JET LAG:
• Insomnia
• Fatigue
• Irritability
• Interrupted sleep
• Discomfort in legs and feet
• Struggle to concentrate
• Constipation or diarrhoea
• Confusion and disorientation
• Dehydration
• Headaches
• Nausea
• Loss of appetite
• Dizziness
Jet fatigue • Jet fatigue is related to the length of the flight as many travellers feel
extreme tiredness after a long flight.
ECDOE Just-in-time Tourism Gr 12
, 3
SECTION B
QUESTION 3: FOREIGN EXCHANGE
GDP • The value of all goods & services produced within a country in a year.
• The GDP is used to measure economic progress in a country
Multiplier effect The multiplier effect is when money, spent by tourists, filters down through
the economy benefitting other organisations
The buying power • The amount of foreign currency you can buy with your Rand is referred
of the Rand to as the buying power of the rand.
• If the rand can buy a lot of the other currency, we say the rand is strong
in relation to the other currency.
• If the rand can only buy a little of a particular currency, we say that the
rand is weak in relation to that particular currency.
If the Rand is • The foreign tourists will receive less Rand’s for their currency
strong • Foreign tourists will have less money to spend
• Inbound tourists will visit for a shorter period or will not visit at all
• Tourism will contribute less to South Africa’s GDP and the economy will
decline
• Can lead to job losses
If the Rand is weak • More inbound tourists will visit SA
• Foreign tourists get more Rand’s for their currency
• Foreign tourists have more money to spend during their visit
• Foreign tourists will visit for longer periods
• This will lead to an increase in the GDP and will have a positive impact
on the economy
• It can lead to job creation
Bank Selling Rate • The rate at which the foreign exchange dealers e.g. commercial banks,
will sell foreign currency
Bank Buying Rate The rate at which the foreign exchange dealers e.g. commercial banks, will
buy foreign currency
When doing a What is the Bank doing with the foreign currency?
foreign exchange ▪ Is the bank selling foreign currency? (BSR)
calculation always ▪ Is the bank buying foreign currency? (BBR)
look at it from the
Bank’s position
Currency rate • A currency rate sheet is a list of the rates of exchange (RoE) at which
sheet foreign currencies are bought and sold.
• This rate will determine how much foreign currency you will receive,
when you exchange your money.
Convert a major
currency to the MULTIPLY by the Rate of Exchange e.g. USD150 × 14,83 = R2 224,50
South African Rand
(ZAR)
Convert the South
African Rand (ZAR) DIVIDE by the Rate of Exchange e.g. R15 000 ÷ 16,65 = € 900,90
to a major
currency
ECDOE Just-in-time Tourism Gr 12
JUST-IN-TIME: TOURISM Grade 12
SECTION B
QUESTION 2: MAP WORK AND TOUR PLANNING
Itinerary • The itinerary specifies all aspects of a traveller’s programme day by day
• The itinerary indicates the planned activities, accommodation, meals,
transport and optional excursions.
World Health • A specialised agency of the United Nations Organisation and its main
Organisation concern is public health
• It provides support to countries and monitors global health trends
Vaccination • A vaccination is a preparation injected into the blood stream to
stimulate a protective immune response.
• A vaccination prevents a person from being infected with the disease if
they do come into contact with it
Compulsory • Are regulated (by the World Health Organisation) according to
vaccination identified threats found in some countries
• To contain the spreading of a high-risk disease
Recommended • A precautionary measure to ensure the health of individual tourists and
vaccination are optional
Malaria • Take preventive medicines
precautions • Apply insect repellent to exposed skin
• Close windows and doors at night unless they are screened
• Sleep under a mosquito net
• Wear long-sleeved tops, trousers and socks when going outdoors during
the evening.
Valid passport • A document issued by a national government that certifies the identity
(name, date of birth, gender and place of birth) and nationality of its
holder.
Visa • A stamp endorsed in the applicant’s passport giving the holder
permission to travel to, enter, transit or remain in a foreign country
Health certificate • A health certificate is a statement signed by a health-care provider
(such as a doctor) that proves the health of the bearer of the certificate.
• The health certificate is a booklet that travellers must produce as proof
that they have had the necessary vaccinations required to enter a
country.
International • Permits a tourist to drive in a foreign country
Driver’s Permit • Provides important information to validate the South African driver's
(IDP) license in many different languages.
• Car rental companies often request a valid IDP when driving abroad
Duty free goods • Duty free goods are goods that have been purchased at a duty-free
shop on which the tourist will not pay tax at customs
Prohibited goods • Prohibited goods are goods that, according to the law, may not be
brought into a country.
Green channel • The green channel is a route located in the customs area of an
international airport for passengers who have nothing to declare (those
who are carrying goods that are within the customs limits only/not
carrying prohibited items).
ECDOE Just-in-time Tourism Gr 12
, 2
Red channel • The red channel is a route located in the customs area of an
international airport for passengers with goods to declare (those who
are carrying items above the permitted customs limit and/or carrying
prohibited items).
To declare • To state officially the goods that you have brought into a country at
customs.
Daylight Savings A practice of turning the clock one hour ahead of standard time at the
Time beginning of summer to gain extra daylight hours
Advantage of DST:
• More daylight time available to spend outdoors
• More time to participate in leisure activities, e.g. shopping
• Attractions opened for longer hours
Time Zone A region of the Earth where all the countries have adopted the same
standard time
Steps to follow 1. Locate the places on a world time zone map and determine their time
when doing time zones. The world time zone map is colour coded. This means that the
zone calculations: white/grey areas on the top of the map correspond with the colour of the
country.
2. Determine the number of hours difference between the TWO places.
3. Decide if you must add (going east) or subtract (going west) the number
of hours.
4. Add/subtract the number of hours and give the answer using the 24-hour
clock. Remember to include the day or date.
5. If the calculation requires DST, first add ONE hour to the time zone of the
place that uses DST. [If New York (-5) is used in the calculation, the time
zone should be adjusted by adding ONE hour, taking New York to -4]. Then
do the calculation as usual.
6. Calculations with flying time:
If you want to determine the arrival time ADD the flying time
If you want to determine the departure time SUBTRACT the flying time
Jet lag Jet lag is a physical condition related to flying long distances over many time
zones (flying from east to west or west to east). It is related to the number
of time zones a traveller crosses and not to the length of the flight.
SYMPTOMS OF JET LAG:
• Insomnia
• Fatigue
• Irritability
• Interrupted sleep
• Discomfort in legs and feet
• Struggle to concentrate
• Constipation or diarrhoea
• Confusion and disorientation
• Dehydration
• Headaches
• Nausea
• Loss of appetite
• Dizziness
Jet fatigue • Jet fatigue is related to the length of the flight as many travellers feel
extreme tiredness after a long flight.
ECDOE Just-in-time Tourism Gr 12
, 3
SECTION B
QUESTION 3: FOREIGN EXCHANGE
GDP • The value of all goods & services produced within a country in a year.
• The GDP is used to measure economic progress in a country
Multiplier effect The multiplier effect is when money, spent by tourists, filters down through
the economy benefitting other organisations
The buying power • The amount of foreign currency you can buy with your Rand is referred
of the Rand to as the buying power of the rand.
• If the rand can buy a lot of the other currency, we say the rand is strong
in relation to the other currency.
• If the rand can only buy a little of a particular currency, we say that the
rand is weak in relation to that particular currency.
If the Rand is • The foreign tourists will receive less Rand’s for their currency
strong • Foreign tourists will have less money to spend
• Inbound tourists will visit for a shorter period or will not visit at all
• Tourism will contribute less to South Africa’s GDP and the economy will
decline
• Can lead to job losses
If the Rand is weak • More inbound tourists will visit SA
• Foreign tourists get more Rand’s for their currency
• Foreign tourists have more money to spend during their visit
• Foreign tourists will visit for longer periods
• This will lead to an increase in the GDP and will have a positive impact
on the economy
• It can lead to job creation
Bank Selling Rate • The rate at which the foreign exchange dealers e.g. commercial banks,
will sell foreign currency
Bank Buying Rate The rate at which the foreign exchange dealers e.g. commercial banks, will
buy foreign currency
When doing a What is the Bank doing with the foreign currency?
foreign exchange ▪ Is the bank selling foreign currency? (BSR)
calculation always ▪ Is the bank buying foreign currency? (BBR)
look at it from the
Bank’s position
Currency rate • A currency rate sheet is a list of the rates of exchange (RoE) at which
sheet foreign currencies are bought and sold.
• This rate will determine how much foreign currency you will receive,
when you exchange your money.
Convert a major
currency to the MULTIPLY by the Rate of Exchange e.g. USD150 × 14,83 = R2 224,50
South African Rand
(ZAR)
Convert the South
African Rand (ZAR) DIVIDE by the Rate of Exchange e.g. R15 000 ÷ 16,65 = € 900,90
to a major
currency
ECDOE Just-in-time Tourism Gr 12
