Chamberlain NR507 Midterm Exam
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1. Type 1 Hypersensi- - "Allergic reaction"
tivity Reaction - Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe bronchoconstric-
tion.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
2. Type 2 Hypersensi- - Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific
tivity Reaction - Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function, doesn't
destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of cell/tissue damage;
severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused erythrocytes are destroyed
by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
3. Difference between - Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface.
type 2 & 3 hyper- - Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the cell
sensitivity reactions surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then
deposited in the tissues.
4. Type 3 Hypersensi- - Immune complex
tivity Reaction - Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE,
organs)
5. Systemic Lupus Ery- - Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
thematosus (SLE) - Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
, Chamberlain NR507 Midterm Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fyxd3c
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, throm-
bocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
6. Autoimmunity - Can be familial: Affected family members may not all develop the same
disease, but several members may have different disorders characterized by
a variety of hypersensitivity reactions (autoimmune and allergic reactions).
7. Alloimmunity - General term used to describe when an individual's immune system reacts
against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system becomes
sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, Transplant rejection, Trans-
fusion reaction.
8. Type 4 Hypersensi- - T-cell mediated
tivity Reaction - Lymphocytes
- Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes
- Delayed response
- Ex: localized contact dermatitis. Treated with a topical corticosteroid (wouldn't
use antihistamine since Type 4 doesn't involve mast cells and H1 receptors).
9. Differentiating be- - Type 1: Immediate hypersensitivity reactions, termed atopic dermatitis, are
tween the rash of a usually characterized by widely distributed lesions.
Type 1 vs Type 4 Re- - Type 4: Contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity) consists of lesions only
action at the site of contact with the allergen.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fyxd3c
1. Type 1 Hypersensi- - "Allergic reaction"
tivity Reaction - Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe bronchoconstric-
tion.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
2. Type 2 Hypersensi- - Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific
tivity Reaction - Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function, doesn't
destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of cell/tissue damage;
severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused erythrocytes are destroyed
by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
3. Difference between - Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface.
type 2 & 3 hyper- - Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the cell
sensitivity reactions surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex is then
deposited in the tissues.
4. Type 3 Hypersensi- - Immune complex
tivity Reaction - Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE,
organs)
5. Systemic Lupus Ery- - Facial rash confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
thematosus (SLE) - Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
, Chamberlain NR507 Midterm Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fyxd3c
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
- Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, throm-
bocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
6. Autoimmunity - Can be familial: Affected family members may not all develop the same
disease, but several members may have different disorders characterized by
a variety of hypersensitivity reactions (autoimmune and allergic reactions).
7. Alloimmunity - General term used to describe when an individual's immune system reacts
against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system becomes
sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, Transplant rejection, Trans-
fusion reaction.
8. Type 4 Hypersensi- - T-cell mediated
tivity Reaction - Lymphocytes
- Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes
- Delayed response
- Ex: localized contact dermatitis. Treated with a topical corticosteroid (wouldn't
use antihistamine since Type 4 doesn't involve mast cells and H1 receptors).
9. Differentiating be- - Type 1: Immediate hypersensitivity reactions, termed atopic dermatitis, are
tween the rash of a usually characterized by widely distributed lesions.
Type 1 vs Type 4 Re- - Type 4: Contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity) consists of lesions only
action at the site of contact with the allergen.
