PN3 Exam 3 Questions Answered Correctly Latest Update 2025-2026
What is shock? - Answers a condition, not a disease
Main types of shock - Answers hypovolemic, cardiogenic, septic, neurogenic, and anaphylactic
CHANS - Answers cardiogenic, hypovolemic, anaphylactic, neurogenic, and septic
Hypovolemic Shock - Answers decrease in circulating blood volume. Deprives cells from oxygen
resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion and hypoxia
Causes of hypovolemic shock - Answers most common cause: acute blood loss from trauma,
fluid loss from burns, severe diarrhea/vomiting
Symptoms of hypovolemic shock - Answers subtle changes in vitals signs, anxiety, restlessness,
delayed cap. refill, and increased respiratory rate
treatment for hypovolemic shock - Answers correct circulating blood volume and identify and
treat the cause of the volume loss. Watch for hypokalemia after large volume fluid replacement.
Cardiogenic shock - Answers hypotension, cellular hypoxia, and inadequate tissue perfusion.
Resulting from decreased cardiac output (heart is the cause)
symptoms of cardiogenic shock - Answers early sign: tachycardia
septic shock - Answers inflammatory cascade of events.
cause of septic shock - Answers caused by endotoxins released from bacteria within the body
that results in hypotension, hypo perfusion, and hypoxia. increased risk with age
early symptoms of septic shock - Answers warm flushed skin, fever above 100.4, mild
tachycardia, resp rate above 20, WBC count lower than 4,000 or grater than 10,000
as sepsis progresses... - Answers client may seem anxious, high fever, neurological changes
occur
treatment of septic shock - Answers find and treat cause. IV antibiotics, fluid resuscitation,
vasopressors, and supplemental oxygenation. Surgical: incision to expose source
Neurogenic Shock - Answers results in hypotension, bradycardia, low perfusion, and hypoxia to
body tissues as a result of the interruption of the sympathetic nervous system response. all
vitals are low.
symptoms of neurogenic shock - Answers flaccidity and paralysis below the level of injury, loss
of bowel and bladder control, loss of reflex activity, abnormal increase or absence of sweating
below the level of injury
Nursing management of neurogenic shock - Answers monitor vital signs for evidence of
, worsening or improving status, ensure stability of the client's neck and back during position
changes
Anaphylactic Shock - Answers occurs when the body reacts to a foreign substance
Anaphylactic shock- high risk - Answers penicillin. can lead to death
anaphylactic shock nursing management - Answers get EPI administered asap, establish IV site,
monitor VS, attend to ABC's, start cardiac monitoring
symptoms of anaphylactic shock - Answers bronchoconstriction with wheezing, chest pain,
arrhythmias, severe hypotension. itching, hives, nasal congestion
Shock position - Answers trendelenburg: blood to the heart and brain--> feet higher than the
heart
medical-surgical management of anaphylactic shock - Answers administer epinephrin, then
antihistamines and corticosteroids--> open airway, stop histamine response, stops
inflammation response.--don't need parental consent to bring child in
Cirrhosis - Answers toxins allowed to circulate freely in brain (ammonia) producing hepatic
encephalopathy
Most common causes of cirrhosis - Answers chronic alcohol abuse
treatment for cirrhosis - Answers lactulose
cirrhosis of the liver - Answers replacement of liver tissue by scar tissue
cirrhosis S&S - Answers fatigue, weight loss, bleeding easily, jaundice, confusion (build up of
waste body/brain), ascites (water around belly)
cirrhosis treatment - Answers alcohol avoidance, low protein diet, lactulose promotes ammonia
excretion through GI tract, abdominal paracentesis to relieve pressure from fluid of ascites
abdominal paracentesis - Answers bag to get water off the liver. Diagnosis purposes is to
relieve ascites and fluid. Therapeutic abdominal tap
esophageal varices - Answers swollen, fragile blood vessels in the esophagus. When varies
hemorrhage, it is a medical emergency associated with high mortality (people can choke on
their own blood)
Parkinson's Disease - Answers chronic progressive disease= nerve cells that make dopamine
are destroyed. Without dopamine nerve cells cannot properly send messages and it leads to
loss of muscle function
Parkinson's Disease S&S - Answers bradykinesia, tremors, limbs and trunk become rigid, severe
What is shock? - Answers a condition, not a disease
Main types of shock - Answers hypovolemic, cardiogenic, septic, neurogenic, and anaphylactic
CHANS - Answers cardiogenic, hypovolemic, anaphylactic, neurogenic, and septic
Hypovolemic Shock - Answers decrease in circulating blood volume. Deprives cells from oxygen
resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion and hypoxia
Causes of hypovolemic shock - Answers most common cause: acute blood loss from trauma,
fluid loss from burns, severe diarrhea/vomiting
Symptoms of hypovolemic shock - Answers subtle changes in vitals signs, anxiety, restlessness,
delayed cap. refill, and increased respiratory rate
treatment for hypovolemic shock - Answers correct circulating blood volume and identify and
treat the cause of the volume loss. Watch for hypokalemia after large volume fluid replacement.
Cardiogenic shock - Answers hypotension, cellular hypoxia, and inadequate tissue perfusion.
Resulting from decreased cardiac output (heart is the cause)
symptoms of cardiogenic shock - Answers early sign: tachycardia
septic shock - Answers inflammatory cascade of events.
cause of septic shock - Answers caused by endotoxins released from bacteria within the body
that results in hypotension, hypo perfusion, and hypoxia. increased risk with age
early symptoms of septic shock - Answers warm flushed skin, fever above 100.4, mild
tachycardia, resp rate above 20, WBC count lower than 4,000 or grater than 10,000
as sepsis progresses... - Answers client may seem anxious, high fever, neurological changes
occur
treatment of septic shock - Answers find and treat cause. IV antibiotics, fluid resuscitation,
vasopressors, and supplemental oxygenation. Surgical: incision to expose source
Neurogenic Shock - Answers results in hypotension, bradycardia, low perfusion, and hypoxia to
body tissues as a result of the interruption of the sympathetic nervous system response. all
vitals are low.
symptoms of neurogenic shock - Answers flaccidity and paralysis below the level of injury, loss
of bowel and bladder control, loss of reflex activity, abnormal increase or absence of sweating
below the level of injury
Nursing management of neurogenic shock - Answers monitor vital signs for evidence of
, worsening or improving status, ensure stability of the client's neck and back during position
changes
Anaphylactic Shock - Answers occurs when the body reacts to a foreign substance
Anaphylactic shock- high risk - Answers penicillin. can lead to death
anaphylactic shock nursing management - Answers get EPI administered asap, establish IV site,
monitor VS, attend to ABC's, start cardiac monitoring
symptoms of anaphylactic shock - Answers bronchoconstriction with wheezing, chest pain,
arrhythmias, severe hypotension. itching, hives, nasal congestion
Shock position - Answers trendelenburg: blood to the heart and brain--> feet higher than the
heart
medical-surgical management of anaphylactic shock - Answers administer epinephrin, then
antihistamines and corticosteroids--> open airway, stop histamine response, stops
inflammation response.--don't need parental consent to bring child in
Cirrhosis - Answers toxins allowed to circulate freely in brain (ammonia) producing hepatic
encephalopathy
Most common causes of cirrhosis - Answers chronic alcohol abuse
treatment for cirrhosis - Answers lactulose
cirrhosis of the liver - Answers replacement of liver tissue by scar tissue
cirrhosis S&S - Answers fatigue, weight loss, bleeding easily, jaundice, confusion (build up of
waste body/brain), ascites (water around belly)
cirrhosis treatment - Answers alcohol avoidance, low protein diet, lactulose promotes ammonia
excretion through GI tract, abdominal paracentesis to relieve pressure from fluid of ascites
abdominal paracentesis - Answers bag to get water off the liver. Diagnosis purposes is to
relieve ascites and fluid. Therapeutic abdominal tap
esophageal varices - Answers swollen, fragile blood vessels in the esophagus. When varies
hemorrhage, it is a medical emergency associated with high mortality (people can choke on
their own blood)
Parkinson's Disease - Answers chronic progressive disease= nerve cells that make dopamine
are destroyed. Without dopamine nerve cells cannot properly send messages and it leads to
loss of muscle function
Parkinson's Disease S&S - Answers bradykinesia, tremors, limbs and trunk become rigid, severe
