CHEM120 Introduction to General, Organic & Biological Chemistry 2024 | Week 6 Lab Report | A+ Graded Submission

This Week 6 lab report for CHEM120 (2024) details the experimental work in general, organic, and biological chemistry, including objectives, procedures, observations, and in-depth analysis. It reflects a strong understanding of chemical principles and laboratory techniques, following the course requirements precisely. The report earned an A+ grade and serves as an excellent academic reference. CHEM120 Introduction to General, Organic & Biological Chemistry 2024 | Week 6 Lab Report | A+ Graded Submission Week 6 Lab: Nuclear Chemistry Objectives: ● Identify the differences between chemical reactions and nuclear reactions. ● Identify the concept of radioactive decay. ● Identify the nuclear changes associated with alpha, beta or gamma decay. ● Write the products of nuclear reactions involving alpha, beta or gamma emissions. ● Explain the concept of half-lives and complete half-life calculations. ● Identify common subatomic particles and energies involved in nuclear reactions ● Recognize common modes of radioactive decay (alpha, beta, gamma, and electron capture) by observing differences in nucleic mass defect and/or binding energies ● Describe common applications of radioactive isotopes (nuclear medicine, radiometric/carbon dating, nuclear energy) ● Describe how carbon dating works Radioactivity is something that only happens in nuclear power plants, right? In this simulation, you will learn that radioactivity is much more common than you might think—in fact, you are surrounded by it! You will also learn what types of atoms are radioactive and why, and how alpha, beta, and gamma decay generate different types of radioactivity. Understand the processes happening in the atomic nucleus Use our holofloor to visualize how protons and neutrons interact in the nucleus. Experiment with stability of isotopes and figure out why some combinations are more stable than others. Analyze properties of alpha, beta, and gamma decay Radioactive isotopes can undergo alpha, beta, and gamma decay. Each of these processes generates radioactivity; luckily, we are in a virtual simulation and we can experiment with these isotopes without being exposed to harmful levels of radiation. Additionally, you will be able to see how protons and neutrons interact in the nucleus thanks to our advanced holofloor. Not all atoms are stable. When atoms are born in a nuclear reactor, whether it be the heart of a star or a power plant, a portion of them are radioactive and are referred to as radioisotopes. These radioisotopes break down over time, releasing energy and transforming into more stable forms in processes known as radioactive decay. Part 1: Complete Labster lab: Nuclear Chemistry 1. Purpose: Describe in complete sentences and in your own words, the purpose of this experiment. The purpose of this experiment was to identify how radiation works. Using the simulation shows you exactly where protons and neutrons go in these radioactive decay reactions. The simulation takes the time to show you exactly how these atoms behave up close to give you a deeper understanding 2. Observations: Record three observations from the simulation. I. The protons and neutrons in the nucleus would normally repel each other, but the nuclear force is strong and holds them together in the center. II. The three types of radioactive reactions are Alpha, Beta, Gamma III. Radioactive isotope decay is difficult to measure, therefore it is measured by a half-life. 3. Complete the table below Radiation type Affect on atomic number of product Affect on number of protons in product Affect on mass number of product Alpha particle decrease by 2 decrease by 2 decrease by 4 Beta particle increase by 1 increase by1 no change Gamma particle no change no change no change Positron decrease by 1 decrease by 1 no change Electron capture decrease by 1 decrease by 1 no change 4. In the space below, use X for the symbol of an element, Z for the atomic number and A for the mass number to write a general nuclide symbol. 37 A Cl Chlorine-37 or X 17 Z 2 5. An isotope of strontium has 38 protons and 52 neutrons. What is the nuclide symbol for an atom of this isotope? 90 Sr 38