ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 (EXAM
1) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
anatomy - correct answer-
studies the structure of the body parts and their relationship to one another
physiology - correct answer-
studies the function of the body (how the body parts work and carry out their life sustaining activities
)
gross or macroscopic anatomy - correct answer-
study the anatomical structures that can be see at naked eye
-lungs, kidney, heart
regional anatomy - correct answer-
all structures in a particular region of the body are studied together
systematic anatomy - correct answer-the body structure is studied system by system
surface anatomy - correct answer-
study the internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface
microscopic anatomy - correct answer-study the internal structures that cannot be seen at naked eye
-cells, tissues
cytology - correct answer-study the cells of the body
histology - correct answer-study the tissues of the body
developmental anatomy - correct answer-traces the structural changes that occur during the lifespan
,embryology - correct answer-study the developmental changes that occur before birth
renal physiology - correct answer-kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
neurophysiology - correct answer-brain, nerves, spinal cord
cardiovascular physiology - correct answer-heart, blood vessels, blood
maintain boundaries: plasma membrane - correct answer-
selectively restricts the diffusion of solutes into the cell
intracellular - correct answer-in the cell
extracellular - correct answer-out the cell
-blood plasma, interstitial
maintaining boundaries: skin - correct answer-
maintaining internal humidity, protection against infections, heat, and chemicals
movement - correct answer-
uses the capacity of the muscular cells to constrict and the skeletal system to provide support
responsiveness - correct answer-
capacity of the organisms to sense changes on the environment(stimulus) and respond to them (nerv
ous and excitable cells)
digestion - correct answer--performed by the digestive system
-
breaking down the food indigested into simpler compounds the can be absorbed and transported by t
he blood
, metabolism - correct answer-chemical reactions that occur within the cell
catabolism - correct answer-breaking down substances into simpler chemical compounds
anabolism - correct answer-synthesizing more complex substances, including energy-
reaching molecules(ATP) from simpler chemical compounds
excretion - correct answer-removing waster(excreta) from the body
-digestive system= food residues(feces)
-urinary system= nitrogen wastes(urine)
-respiratory and cardiovascular= CO2
reproduction - correct answer--cellular: cell division(mitosis and meiosis)
-
organism: performed by the reproductive system; feminine and masculine. Egg(ova) fertilization by the
sperm
growth - correct answer-
increase in the size of a body part of the organism as a whole, usually by increasing the number of ce
lls
the human body needs to survive - correct answer--
nutrients(carbs, proteins,fats,vitamins,and minerals)
-oxygen
-water(50-60% of the body weight)
-proper temperature(37^C or 98.6^F)
-proper atmospheric pressure
homeostasis - correct answer-maintenance of the internal conditions despite environmental changes
-dynamic equilibrium
1) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
anatomy - correct answer-
studies the structure of the body parts and their relationship to one another
physiology - correct answer-
studies the function of the body (how the body parts work and carry out their life sustaining activities
)
gross or macroscopic anatomy - correct answer-
study the anatomical structures that can be see at naked eye
-lungs, kidney, heart
regional anatomy - correct answer-
all structures in a particular region of the body are studied together
systematic anatomy - correct answer-the body structure is studied system by system
surface anatomy - correct answer-
study the internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface
microscopic anatomy - correct answer-study the internal structures that cannot be seen at naked eye
-cells, tissues
cytology - correct answer-study the cells of the body
histology - correct answer-study the tissues of the body
developmental anatomy - correct answer-traces the structural changes that occur during the lifespan
,embryology - correct answer-study the developmental changes that occur before birth
renal physiology - correct answer-kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
neurophysiology - correct answer-brain, nerves, spinal cord
cardiovascular physiology - correct answer-heart, blood vessels, blood
maintain boundaries: plasma membrane - correct answer-
selectively restricts the diffusion of solutes into the cell
intracellular - correct answer-in the cell
extracellular - correct answer-out the cell
-blood plasma, interstitial
maintaining boundaries: skin - correct answer-
maintaining internal humidity, protection against infections, heat, and chemicals
movement - correct answer-
uses the capacity of the muscular cells to constrict and the skeletal system to provide support
responsiveness - correct answer-
capacity of the organisms to sense changes on the environment(stimulus) and respond to them (nerv
ous and excitable cells)
digestion - correct answer--performed by the digestive system
-
breaking down the food indigested into simpler compounds the can be absorbed and transported by t
he blood
, metabolism - correct answer-chemical reactions that occur within the cell
catabolism - correct answer-breaking down substances into simpler chemical compounds
anabolism - correct answer-synthesizing more complex substances, including energy-
reaching molecules(ATP) from simpler chemical compounds
excretion - correct answer-removing waster(excreta) from the body
-digestive system= food residues(feces)
-urinary system= nitrogen wastes(urine)
-respiratory and cardiovascular= CO2
reproduction - correct answer--cellular: cell division(mitosis and meiosis)
-
organism: performed by the reproductive system; feminine and masculine. Egg(ova) fertilization by the
sperm
growth - correct answer-
increase in the size of a body part of the organism as a whole, usually by increasing the number of ce
lls
the human body needs to survive - correct answer--
nutrients(carbs, proteins,fats,vitamins,and minerals)
-oxygen
-water(50-60% of the body weight)
-proper temperature(37^C or 98.6^F)
-proper atmospheric pressure
homeostasis - correct answer-maintenance of the internal conditions despite environmental changes
-dynamic equilibrium
