Practice Exam questionsand answers
D027 final exam
1.During the body's inflammatory process, what causes edema? Vasodilation of blood
vessels
Emigration of neutrophils
Endothelial cell expansion
Increased capillary permeability - ANS>>Increased capillary permeability. The
increased flow and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the vessels
causing swelling (edema) in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for
inflammation induced edema
2.A 56-year-old diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due to him "feeling
well without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated blood sugar. What electrolyte
should be assessed FIRST? - ANS>>Calcium
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
ANS: Potassium. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium, phosphate,
and magnesium. Without insulin, potassium does not get transported to the intracellular
environment and the serum potassium will rise.
3.A 46-year-old women is considering having another child. The healthcare providers
are explaining to the woman that children born to women late in life have an increase
rate in having children with which condition. - ANS>>Kawasaki's disease
Down syndrome
Down syndrome risk increases with Maternal age.
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
4.A patient with several risk factors is concerned about developing type 2 diabetes. The
healthcare professional advises the patient to lose weight, explaining that obesity is an
important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus because it causes what? -
ANS>>Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
Increased resistance to insulin in the cells
,Practice Exam questionsand answers
D027 final exam
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from insulin resistance. Obesity causes this
resistance so their cells have difficulty using insulin. Obesity does not lead to reduced
insulin production, obstructed insulin outflow, or stimulation of glucose production.
Obstructed outflow of insulin from the pancreas
Stimulation of glucose production by the liver
5.When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the APRN looks for
evidence of: - ANS>>Lipid abnormality
Insulin resistance
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Clotting disorders
6.On ultrasound a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection fraction of 15% and a
pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function tests, hypokalemia, and
hypomagnesema are seen on lab results. Blood pressure is 115/60 and heart rate is
110 bpm with regular rate and rhythm, respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is
88% on room air. Initial therapy should include all of the following except: -
ANS>>Diuretic
ACE Inhibitor
Digoxin
Beta Blocker
7.A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a myocardial infarction
(MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative. What action by the healthcare
professional is best? - ANS>>Administer thrombolytic therapy.
Discharge the patient.
Schedule repeat troponin within a few hours.
Several cardiac biomarkers exist including the most specific, cardiac troponin 1 (cTnI),
cTnI begins to rise within 2 to 4 hours after cardiac injury, so if the initial result is normal,
, Practice Exam questionsand answers
D027 final exam
the test should be repeated within 6 to 9 hours and again at 12 to 24 hours. It is not
known yet if the patient has had an MI so treatment with thrombolytic therapy and/or
catheterization would be premature. The patient should not be discharged since the
professional suspected an MI.
Prepare the patient for cardiac catheterization.
8.Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated levels of
antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) secretion? - ANS>>Being treated for small cell carcinoma of the
stomach
Taking high dose acetaminophen (Tylenol) for arthritis
Had a hip replacement operation 14 days ago
Has long-standing kidney disease from diabetes
9.A post-operative patient with gallbladder surgery has an epidural infusion of
Astramorph. The patients respiratory rate starts to decline to 9 breaths/minute. Which
medication should the healthcare provider anticipate administering to this patient?
Protamine sulfate
Mucomyst
Naloxone
Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that can reverse the effect of both adverse and
therapeutic use of opioid narcotic analgesics.
Solu-Medrol - ANS>>
10.A patient is brought to the Emergency Department with a gunshot wound to the
chest. The healthcare professional assesses an abnormality involving a pleural rupture
that acts as a one-way valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its
escape by closing during expiration. What action by the healthcare professional is the
priority? - ANS>>Draw arterial blood gasses.
Assist with a chest tube insertion.
D027 final exam
1.During the body's inflammatory process, what causes edema? Vasodilation of blood
vessels
Emigration of neutrophils
Endothelial cell expansion
Increased capillary permeability - ANS>>Increased capillary permeability. The
increased flow and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the vessels
causing swelling (edema) in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for
inflammation induced edema
2.A 56-year-old diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due to him "feeling
well without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated blood sugar. What electrolyte
should be assessed FIRST? - ANS>>Calcium
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
ANS: Potassium. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium, phosphate,
and magnesium. Without insulin, potassium does not get transported to the intracellular
environment and the serum potassium will rise.
3.A 46-year-old women is considering having another child. The healthcare providers
are explaining to the woman that children born to women late in life have an increase
rate in having children with which condition. - ANS>>Kawasaki's disease
Down syndrome
Down syndrome risk increases with Maternal age.
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
4.A patient with several risk factors is concerned about developing type 2 diabetes. The
healthcare professional advises the patient to lose weight, explaining that obesity is an
important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus because it causes what? -
ANS>>Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
Increased resistance to insulin in the cells
,Practice Exam questionsand answers
D027 final exam
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from insulin resistance. Obesity causes this
resistance so their cells have difficulty using insulin. Obesity does not lead to reduced
insulin production, obstructed insulin outflow, or stimulation of glucose production.
Obstructed outflow of insulin from the pancreas
Stimulation of glucose production by the liver
5.When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the APRN looks for
evidence of: - ANS>>Lipid abnormality
Insulin resistance
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Clotting disorders
6.On ultrasound a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection fraction of 15% and a
pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function tests, hypokalemia, and
hypomagnesema are seen on lab results. Blood pressure is 115/60 and heart rate is
110 bpm with regular rate and rhythm, respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is
88% on room air. Initial therapy should include all of the following except: -
ANS>>Diuretic
ACE Inhibitor
Digoxin
Beta Blocker
7.A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a myocardial infarction
(MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative. What action by the healthcare
professional is best? - ANS>>Administer thrombolytic therapy.
Discharge the patient.
Schedule repeat troponin within a few hours.
Several cardiac biomarkers exist including the most specific, cardiac troponin 1 (cTnI),
cTnI begins to rise within 2 to 4 hours after cardiac injury, so if the initial result is normal,
, Practice Exam questionsand answers
D027 final exam
the test should be repeated within 6 to 9 hours and again at 12 to 24 hours. It is not
known yet if the patient has had an MI so treatment with thrombolytic therapy and/or
catheterization would be premature. The patient should not be discharged since the
professional suspected an MI.
Prepare the patient for cardiac catheterization.
8.Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated levels of
antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) secretion? - ANS>>Being treated for small cell carcinoma of the
stomach
Taking high dose acetaminophen (Tylenol) for arthritis
Had a hip replacement operation 14 days ago
Has long-standing kidney disease from diabetes
9.A post-operative patient with gallbladder surgery has an epidural infusion of
Astramorph. The patients respiratory rate starts to decline to 9 breaths/minute. Which
medication should the healthcare provider anticipate administering to this patient?
Protamine sulfate
Mucomyst
Naloxone
Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that can reverse the effect of both adverse and
therapeutic use of opioid narcotic analgesics.
Solu-Medrol - ANS>>
10.A patient is brought to the Emergency Department with a gunshot wound to the
chest. The healthcare professional assesses an abnormality involving a pleural rupture
that acts as a one-way valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its
escape by closing during expiration. What action by the healthcare professional is the
priority? - ANS>>Draw arterial blood gasses.
Assist with a chest tube insertion.
