Test Bank for Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology: Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives, 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti (F.A. Davis Company, 2024) | ISBN: 9781719648592 | All Chapters

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Chapter1,TheCellin Healthand Illness lq lq




MultipleChoice
Identify thechoicethatbestcompletesthestatementor answersthequestion.
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l q 1. Whichstatement regardingthesodium–potassiumpumpiscorrect?
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1. Thecell’splasmamembrane ismoresolubletosodium ionsthanpotassium ions.
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2. Theconcentration ofsodium ionsshouldbe higherinsidethecellcompartment.
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3. Theconcentrationofpotassium ionsshouldbehigheroutsidethecell lq lq lq lq




compartment.
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4. Theactivetransportinvolvespumping outthree sodium ionsand pumpingin two il q lq lq lq lq




potassium ions.
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2. Intheabsenceof oxygen,which cellularfunction createsthesameamountofenergy as is
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created in the presence of oxygen?
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1. Dissipationofpyruvic acid .zi




2. Initiationofthe citricacidcycle lq lq




3. Activationofacetyl-coenzymeA
4. Creationofacidosisvialactic acid lq lq




3. Howmanyadenosinetriphosphates(ATPs)areproducedinaerobicenergymetabolism? .zi




1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53

4. Whichcellorganelles differintheirnumberaccording tothecell’s energyneeds?
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1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria

, 3. Ribonucleicacids .zi




4. Deoxyribonucleic acids lq




5. l qWhichoptionbest supports the reasonmore energyisproducedwhenapersonisexercising?
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1. Exercisecausesanincreasein thesynthesis ofprotein. lq lq




2. Thereisanincreaseintheproductionofpyruvicacid inthe cells.
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3. Theconversionofpyruvic acid tolactic acid isincreasedbyexercise. lq lq lq i lq lq lq lq




4. Musclecells havemore mitochondria tomeet energy demands. i lq lq lq il q lq




6. When does ribosomal proteinsynthesiscease?
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1. Duringendoplasmicreticulumstress
2. Duringthesynthesisofadenosinetriphosphate(ATP)
3. Duringaseverehypoxicstate
4. Duringtheprocessing ofprohormone lq




7. l q l q Whichcellularorganellesareresponsibleforpropellingmucusandinhaleddebrisoutofthelungs?
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1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretoryvesicles
4. Endoplasmicreticula

8. l q l q Whicharethekeyproteinsin thecontractileunits ofthemusclecells? lq lq lq lq




1. Actinandmyosin
2. Prohormoneandtubulin
3. Tubulinandactin lq




4. Myosinandprohormone lq




9. WhichdeficiencycausesTay–Sachsdisease? .zi




1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes lq




l q 10. l q l q Whichisa characteristic ofadrenoleukodystrophy?
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1. Accumulationofganglioside
2. Cessationofribosomalproteinsynthesis
3. Accelerationofcellularproteasomeactivity
4. Accumulationoflong-chainfattyacidsinthenervoussystem i.z




l q 11. l q Whichstatementregardingendoplasmicreticulum(ER)stressiscorrect? .zi




1. DuringERstress,proteinsarerapidlydegraded.
2. DuringERstress,lipids cannot traveltotheir properintracellularlocations. i lq i.z lq lq




3. DuringERstress,long-chainfattyacidsaccumulateinthe nervoussystem. l q




4. DuringERstress,nondegradedsubstancesaccumulateinthecells.
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,12. Aclient isdiagnosedwithtype1diabetesmellitus.Atacellular level,which function is likelyto be
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involved?
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1. Inabilityofribosomestoproduceaspecifictypeofprotein
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2. Incorrect processingofa proteinbytheGolgiapparatus
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3. Stagnationofapreviouslydynamicactioninmicrotubules lq lq lq lq




4. Obstructionofthesmoothendoplasmicreticulum lq lq lq




13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular
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componentis examinedtodeterminethecauseandprobability of thediseasebeing genetically
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transferred?
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1. TransferRNA
2. RibosomalRNA
3. Doublehelix ofDNA lq




4. Mitochondrial DNA lq




14. Ahiker experiences musclepainandacidosiswhileascendingamountain duringa long,steep
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climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
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1. Cellularhypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularedema

, 15. Which factorprovides DNAthe uniquemolecularabilitytoreplicate?
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1. Thepairingofnitrogenous bases lq lq




2. Thepresenceofpyrimidinebases lq lq




3. Thepresenceofnucleotides lq lq




4. Thenitrogenousbaseand phosphatebond lq




16. Howmany nitrogenous bases composea single codon?
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1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5

17. Which components formthe structureofDNA?
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1. Nucleotides
2. Aminoacids
3. Fattyacids lq




4. Phosphates

18. Which factor is essential in orderfor protein synthesis to occur?
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1. Free-standingribosomeswithinthe cell .zi lq




2. Proteinblueprintfromthe celloftheDNA lq lq lq lq




3. Specific information fromthenucleusofthecell
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4. TransferRNA tomovetheproteinout of thecell i.z lq lq




19. Tetracyclineantibioticisprescribedforanadultclient with chlamydiainfection.Whichisthe .zi .z .z lq




mechanism of action of the drug?
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1. Itpreventsthereplicationofbacteria.
2. Italterstheconfigurationofbacterialcytoplasm. .zi




3. Itinterfereswiththe function ofbacterialribosomes. lq lq




4. It inhibitsthefunctions ofbacterialmitochondria.
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20. Where doestheconversionofa prohormone intoahormone take place?
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1. Intheribosomes
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2. IntheGolgiapparatus
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3. Inthesecretorygranules
4. Intheendoplasmic reticulum lq lq




21. Whichisthecell’s“mastermind”?
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1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgiapparatus
4. Endoplasmicreticulum